فصلنامه مطالعات راهبردی زنان
پیاپی 94 (زمستان 1400)

Consanguineous marriage as one of the prevalence forms of marriage in Iranian society has always attracted the attention of researchers. On the other hand, structural theories claim that with the increase of modernization elements such as changes in economic production, education, urbanization, income growth and consumption expansion, faster communication and network changes, and finally the development of other new technologies, this type of marriage will decrease. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of consanguineous marriage and its supporting factors. In this regard, using multi-stage cluster sampling, 600 eligible women aged 18 to 44 years in urban areas of Bushehr province were studied. The results of the present study showed that consanguineous marriage with 41.2% of marriages is still popular and desirable in the study population. Also, the results of multivariate analysis using logistic regression showed - by controlling other research variables - the probability of consanguineous marriage is higher among respondents whose marriage age is lower and their marriage choice pattern is parent-centered. People with lower education are also more likely to have consanguineous marriages. In general, according to the results of this study, it can be said that the evolution of consanguineous marriage in Iranian society will be more affected by changes in other dimensions of the family and marriage, such as marriage age, spouse selection pattern and fertility changes, rather than directly influenced by the elements of modernization. It seems changes in these support factors leading to the reduction of consanguineous marriages in the future.

In order to study the social role of women in the imposed war, the present article examines the activism of women nurses as one of the most important occupational groups. In fact, women (voluntarily as well as paid) made up the bulk of the war nursing force and provided direct medical care to the military and civilian forces involved in the Iraq-Iran war. The data were analyzed using the texts of women's memoirs and narrations (document analysis of about 40 books) as well as several semi-structured interviews to fill the information gap.Data analysis shows that conscious communication action, responsible care, care and observance and intimate care, which are elements of female advocacy action, are the most important features of nurses' advocacy action in the imposed war. Professional, maternal, sisterly and offspring care are also forms of this feminine care. The feminine attitude of caring, in which nurces carefully understand the nuances of the wounded person's condition, and empathetically identify the wounded with their family members, patiently endures hard work in a state of war, and care hopefully with love and compassion, Benevolence, are all dimensions of the ethical model of women caring in Iraq-Iran war.

In today's world, the world of human life has become diverse, and people no longer live in a predetermined world; constantly choosing between different ways of life. In a similar situation in Iran, different lifestyles are formed during the last two decades, Iranian society has experienced many structural changes in terms of family relations. The body of evidence suggest that the Iranian families have undergone many structural changes during these developments. The widespread participation of women in education and employment sectors has brought many changes in their lifestyle apart from being a developing index. The results obtained from the studies conducted in recent years illustrate an increase in establishing independent life or so called neolocal residency among girls. Based on this, the current study examines the lived experience of neolocal girls using Interpretative Phenomenological approach. The statistical population consisted of 17 neolocal girls living in Tehran and the data were obtained using in-depth semi-structured questionaries. Some of the themes obtained from the findings are; forced family acceptance, difficulty of gaining people's trust to rent a house, pessimism and bad mental image, loss of family support over time, instrumental and opportunistic view of men, coverup lifestyle, self-centeredness, feeling of uncertainty and isolation.

The present study aimed to investigate the experience of female-headed households in the face of high-risk behaviors. The present study is qualitative and phenomenological and the target population includes women heads of households in Kerman who had high-risk behaviors. Of these, 28 participants were selected by purposive sampling; Sampling continued until the researchers reached theoretical saturation; The interview data collection tool is semi-structured. In the present study, the horn polking method has been used for reliability and validity. Findings indicate that factors such as poor family socialization, low social capital, low religiosity, poor financial situation, bad media effects, and feelings of loneliness due to failure of female-headed households to engage in high-risk behaviors have been influential; Also, the lived experiences of women when they had high-risk behaviors showed low social trust, lack of social participation and social alienation among women. One of the suggested solutions for people to get out of high-risk behaviors is social support and social empowerment of women.

This study was conducted with the aim of recognizing the lived experience of women working in Tehran Municipality in establishing work-family balance. The research approach of present study was qualitative, and research method was based on phenomenology. The sample size is based on the theoretical saturation level of 27 working women with children under 12 years old. The data collection method is in-depth interview and the analysis method is content analysis, which were extracted in three methods of open, axial and selective coding. The findings showed that working mothers travel in two different worlds, one based on intimacy and empathy and love and the other based on purposefulness, efficiency, order and administrative hierarchy. Working mothers interpret the achievement of job opportunities and the double wage family model as an economic necessity and an indicator of social dignity and identity. They understood the dual role expectations and the threefold conflict of time, tension, and behavior. The hidden stress is due to repeated judgments and the stigma of not being good enough in the mother and running away from work after breastfeeding from their experience. As a result, there must be a more complex understanding of the different needs of working mothers. At present, families need women's economic participation, and women have a strong desire to work. Therefore, facilitating women's employment and reducing work-family conflict requires fundamental changes in the job structure, family protection laws and policies, and facilitating the outsourcing of household responsibilities and supporting increased male participation in domestic affairs.

The purpose of this study is to achieve women's perception and interpretation of the phenomenon of self-medication. This research has been done by interpretive phenomenological method. its statistical population is the habitant women in Ilam in 2020, 26 of whom have been selected as a research sample using purposive sampling with the criterion of‎ theoretical saturation. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview and the data analysis method is the method of Smith et al. (2009). Credibility and reliability criteria were used for Validation and reliability was achieved by experts through an audit method. The "Denzin theoretical triangulation" technique was used to categorize, analyze and interpret the data. The findings indicate that the women in the study express their financial sufferings, perception of simple treatment, injustice in treatment centers and the existence of socio-cultural contexts of self-medication to justify for their behavior. As a result, the women studied, due to their ignorance of the consequences of self-medication, choose the easiest, fastest and most economical way to get rid of pain. In general, self-medication is the product of the combined result of biased encounter to medical staff on the one hand and the experience of unprofessional encounter of physicians on the other hand in a cultural context.

The delay in marriage and the experience of prolonging the period of celibacy for young people have become an important and thought-provoking topic in the big cities of Iran in recent years. This research aims to study the lived experience of late marriage of unmarried men in Tehran by using the grounded theory method to examine various dimensions of this issue. The study population of the research was unmarried men over 30 years of age in Tehran city, who were selected through purposeful sampling and the findings of semi-structured interviews with them after interviewing 32 people. Based on the findings of the research, 22 main themes were extracted from the interviews, including the contexts, causes, strategies and consequences of delay in marriage age, and finally, the core and main category of delaying marriage was identified as the result of modern institutional turmoil. . In order to increase the validity and reliability of the current research, the interviews were interpreted and coded according to the professors and the triangulation technique was used.