فصلنامه رفاه اجتماعی
پیاپی 85 (تابستان 1401)

Different people try to follow the health protocols and limit their daily behaviors in different ways to deal with Covid-19 Pandemic. In the meantime, trust is an important element as a facilitator of social cooperation and a creator of responsibility among people. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between people’s trust in government and their compliance with Covid-19 recommendations.

In this research survey a questionnaire was used for data collection. The statistical population of the study includes all people living in Tehran during the third wave of the Covid-19 pandemic (Autumn, 2020), of which 300 people were selected by cluster sampling method. Thedata were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression technique.

Based on results, there is a significant relationship between “compliance with health recommendations” and “government altruism” (R = 0.48), “Government honesty” (R = 0.34), and “Government efficiency” (R = 0.26). The results of regression analysis also indicate that the regression model of the research is significant and the value of the correlation coefficient (R) between the variables is 0.543, which shows that there is a relatively strong correlation between the set of independent variables and the dependent variable.

In Iran, the political institution, specifically the Government, still influence the social behavior of individuals. So that increasing trust in the government has a positive effect on reducing the prevalence of the disease through more compliance with health protocols by the people.

The narrative of human disease is a story of fears and loneliness and threats that are destroyed like a plague on their lives and the frightened human being to the corner of isolation. One of the emerging diseases of the present age is a virus from the coronavirus family called Covid-19. The rapid spread of the disease is one of the most important features of the virus, and many countries around the world face major psychological, economic, religious, and political challenges.

The aim of this study was to identify the effects of quarantine during Covid-19 pandemic. The statistical population of the present study included Master’s degree students of Allameh Tabataba’i University in Tehran. This study was conducted with a qualitative approach and narrative analysis method. The data was collected through semi-structured narrative interviews in virtual space with 24 graduate students of Allameh Tabataba’i University in Tehran who had at least 10 days of quarantine experience and had sufficient information about the study topic. The sampling method in this study was targeted theoretical sampling. Brown and Clark’s thematic analysis method (2006) was used to analyze the data.

The four main themes of fear of illness, deprivation and boredom, intellectual and practical doubts and academic and occupational concerns were extracted from the collected qualitative data.

Home quarantine is one of the control and preventive methods of the spread of infectious diseases along with other methods, but at the same time, the concerns and problems of people in home quarantine were always one of the most important challenges during the outbreak of this disease.

One of the characteristics of the higher education system is social responsibility. In the current situation, family members of higher education and other social actors expect the university to alleviate the pain and suffering caused by the Coronavirus Panidemic by acting responsibly and using the knowledge and technologies at its disposal. Th purpose of this study is to provide a conceptual framework of social responsibility of universities in dealing with the Coronavirus crisis (Covid-19 disease.)

This research is of applied type and has been done by documentary and meta-synthesis method. Sandlowski and Barroso seven-step methods were used to analyze the data. A total of 21 relevant, valid, and new sources were selected for the final meta-synthesis method, from which 75 codes, 11 concepts and 6 main components were extracted.

The findings showed that the components of university social responsibility in dealing with Coronavirus include identifying changes (economically, socially, politically, culturally, technologically, and environmentally), increasing social knowledge, establishing crisis management (with the aim of developing participation), creating a flexible structure (adapted to environmental changes), having an efficient and effective communication model with society and executive dimensions, and providing a solution. The proposed conceptual model consists of six main components that affect each other.

In general, it can be said that the framework extracted from the meta-synthesis method can be considered by the officials of the higher education system to evaluate the factors affecting the role of university social responsibility to deal with Coronavirus.

The phenomenon of generation gap between parents and children, as yesterday's generation and today's generation in recent decades, has become one of the most important issues in the field of family pathology. The aim of this study was to study the relationship between generation gap and social damages among adolescents in Tehran.

This research is descriptive-analytical and quantitative in terms of methodology and survey type, considering cross-sectional time criterion. The statistical population consisted of families with 10-19 years old children in Tehran who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling in the nine-month period in proportion to the families living in districts 2, 9, and 16 using Cochran formula. The instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire, and to determine its validity, face validity method was used to calculate the validity of Cronbach's alpha method, and SPSS and Lisrel software were used to analyze the data.

The results of the research indicated that generation gap has a significant and direct relationship with the incidence of social damages among adolescents in Tehran. Also, generation gap has a significant and direct relationship with aggression, theft, dropout, suicide, drug use and running away from home.

Social issues are the product of the disrupted process of socialism and its reproduction in families and society, the lack of management of the gap between generations on the one hand is an alarm for the collapse of the family system, which has a special place in the Islamic religion and Iranian culture, and on the other hand, this gap along with the occurrence of social damages will be one of the main obstacles on the way of the social development of the country.

High-risk behaviors in any society are considered as one of the major threats to the health system. Because adolescents are more at risk than other age groups, they are more prone to this type of behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of high-risk social behaviors among adolescent students in Guilan province.

This research was conducted by contextualization method. The statistical population of the study included 182,637 high school students in Guilan province in 1399 (2020), of which 384 were selected as a sample by multi-stage cluster sampling. Zizadeh-Mohammadi and Ahmadabadi’s (2008) risk scale was used to collect the required data. To analyze the data at the descriptive level, frequency statistical methods, graphs and at the inferential level, non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Euman-Whitney tests were used. All statistical operations were analyzed by SPSS16 software. The significance level was considered 0.05 for all tests.

Aggressive behaviors, drug use, high-risk driving, relationship with the opposite sex, and sex with the opposite sex were the most common among students, respectively. The results also showed that the prevalence of high-risk behaviors among adolescents did not differ significantly based on their age, gender, educational level and field of study.

Student community is faced with high-risk behaviors and to treat these problems, all the capacities of organizations and professionals, including psychologists and sociologists should be used.

High-risk behaviors following social problems have grown in all societies in different age and sexual groups. These behaviors are intentional and the person has little control over the possible side effects such behaviors, like smoking, alcohol, drugs, psychotropic drugs, and performing early sexual behaviors. The aim of this study was to analyze family-based care and prevention strategies for high-risk behaviors.

This qualitative study has a hermeneutic and constructive-interpretive paradigm and in-depth and semi-structured interviews were used as data collection techniques. To analyze the data, grounded theory method, with open, axial, and selective coding process was used in order to analyze the data and achieve the final theory. The participants included families from Tabriz and sampling was done through purposeful sampling with the participation of 26 families, until the theoretical saturation was achieved.

Families are constantly striving to care for their children so that children are raised away from injury and do not engage in risky behaviors. Findings show that families follow the following triple model to take care of appearing high-risk behaviors: 1. Inefficient care strategy (lacking effective strategy); 2. Impulsive care strategy; 3. Process care strategy.

Care strategies are created, nurtured, and developed under the influence of the thoughts, attitudes, and experiences of all family members. In families that do not have the ability to make decisions to deal with important and long-term issues such as high-risk behaviors, no strategy will be created. Effective care strategies are shaped by education and socialization.

Due to the high frequency of suicide statistics and its growing trend, studies have been conducted on this phenomenon since the 1370s, but studies on a common question have often yielded inconsistent results. The purpose of this study is to synthesis of the findings of qualitative researches on suicide in Iran in order to obtain integrated results from their findings to investigate the causes and contexts of suicidal action.

In this research, the meta- synthesis method has been used. The statistical population is the researchical articles published in scientific Journals that Based on the criteria of to be qualitative and field study, 15 articles were selected. Using Nvivo12 software, open, axial and selective data coding has been performed. The validity of the research has been confirmed by experts and the reliability of the research based on Cohen's Kappa coefficient is 782.

The most important findings of the study are: family disorder, abnormal family management, social pressure, tense marital relationship, tradition mismatch, access to instrument of suicide, Neutralization of suicide and social rejection.

The results of the present study also indicate that the highest frequency of injuries was related to dysfunction and traumatic family status of the subjects in all studies. Then there are the cultural, social, personal and economic spheres, respectively. As a result of integrating of the content of the categories, the core category of "suicide is the product of the mechanism of pervasive rejection" has been extracted, so that the concurrence and interaction of the categories of tradition mismatch and abnormal family management has led to the formation of the mechanism of rejection from the family. It commits suicide by Neutralization of suicidal behavior by perpetrators.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the meta-analysis of published articles on the factors affecting suicide.

From 15 selected studies, appropriate statistics were recorded to calculate the effect size and other required information and with CMA2 software, the effect size was calculated and hypotheses were analyzed.

The results of the present study show that in total independent variables are identified Suicide has been effective. The value of the combined effect is 0660 (d = 0660) and is also statistically significant. Since this value is in the range of 0.8 to 0.5, it is considered moderate according to the Cohen classification. The results also show that the mean size of r related to studies that had theoretical foundations was EsrQ = 0.30 and in studies that lacked theoretical foundations was equivalent to ESrQ = 0.20. The results of the z-r difference test in the above study were 4.99.

Shows that there is a significant difference between the size of the effects obtained. Variables such as having a theoretical basis, level of gender, marriage, self-esteem, family cohesion, early marriage, anxiety, family economic status, had a statistically significant effect on suicide. Is. Part of the research findings indicate that in the social categories, the variable of early marriage has the highest relationship with suicidal tendencies with an effect size of 0.3721, in the psychological aspects of self-esteem research has the highest relationship with suicide with an effect size of 0.6216. Conclusion To combat suicide, one should consider increasing self-esteem, conscious marriage, self-esteem, and family cohesion

A person may have the characteristics of a gender from a biological point of view, but he does not consider himself to belong to that gender from the psychological point of view. This phenomenon is called transsexuality. These people experience a series of tensions and pressures in different dimensions on the path of dissatisfaction with their gender and its roles. The tertiary education period, due to the sensitivities of the transitional period and the transition of students from the borders of maturity and personal independence, is always a period full of tensions and stresses that students experience. The complexity of the situation for transsexual students is twofold. The purpose of this research is to analyze the psycho-social processes of transsexual students in Tehran University.

The present research is a qualitative type of grounded theory, which was carried out in the academic years of 2017 and 2018. The data of the current research has been collected using semi-structured individual interviews. Participants studied in this research were eight male-to-female transgender students (MtF). The current research was conducted using purposeful sampling, which was based on theoretical saturation interviews.

The feeling of isolation, rejection, and discrimination in different dimensions and attempts to self-harm are the dominant states experienced by these people, and finally, the awareness of the possibility of change and being on the path of treatment can be helpful in terms of quality and hope of life, and it can also help transgender people improve their social relations. In the path of these changes and developments, the type of interactions of such people considering family-social support are among the most important challenges related to these people.

According to the discussed topics, the concerns of transsexual students in the context of academic environments are of great importance. Paying attention to the sensitivities related to gender, age, and the gender of these students during Psycho-social Processes can be effective and practical in supporting the policies.