فهرست مطالب

Journal of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Volume:23 Issue: 3, Sep 2022

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1401/06/16
  • تعداد عناوین: 12
|
  • Negar Moghadasi, Azadeh Andisheh-Tadbir, Amin Samiee, Shima Torabi Ardekani, Bijan Khademi, Mahyar Malekzadeh, Razieh Zare * Pages 251-256

    Statement of the Problem: 

    Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) plays important roles in many cellular processes and has been implicated in different types of diseases such as cancers.

    Purpose

    This study aimed to evaluate the serum level of HSP27 in patients with salivary gland tumors and to determine its possible correlation with the prognosis of the disease.

    Materials and Method

    This cross-sectional study was performed on 60 patients with salivary gland tumor including 16 pleomorphic adenoma, 33 adenoid cystic carcinoma, 6 mucoepidermoid carcinoma, 5 acinic cell carcinoma, and 28 healthy control subjects. The control cases were healthy blood donors who matched the study group in age and sex. Serum samples were obtained from the clotted blood and HSP27concentrations were measured with sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis was performed by using one-way ANOVA, post Hoc test, independent sample t-test, and ROC analysis. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant.

    Results

    The mean serum level of HSP27 was 3956.1±3830.1 (pg/ml) in patients with malignant salivary gland tumor, which was significantly higher than that in benign salivary gland tumor (752.2±485.6) and healthy controls (602.3±575.8) (p< 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the HSP27 serum levels between the patients with benign salivary gland tumors and healthy controls (p= 0.2). No association was detected between the mean serum levels of HSP27 and clinicopathologic factors such as age, sex, stage and nodal metastasis (p> 0.05), except for the tumor size (p= 0.04).

    Conclusion

    The HSP27 concentration increased in patients with malignant salivary gland tumors. Moreover, the HSP27 level was correlated with tumor growth, invasiveness, and diagnosability. Yet, larger clinical studies are required to explore its prognostic value.

    Keywords: Adenoid cystic carcinoma, Salivary gland tumor, Mucoepidermoid carcinoma, HSP27, Pleomorphic adenoma
  • Marjan Kiani, Ebrahim Zabihi, Shima Nafarzadeh, Hamidreza Nouri, Ali Bijani, Maryam Seyedmajidi * Pages 257-265

    Statement of the Problem: 

    Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) comprises over 90% of oral malignancies. Cisplatin, as a selective chemotherapy agent to treat SCC, has many side effects despite its high effectiveness. There are some studies on the effects of bromelain derived from pineapple stems on different malignancies.

    Purpose

    The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bromelain alone and in combination with Cisplatin on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and fibroblast cell lines.

    Materials and Method

    In this interventional study, the HN5 cell line of OSCC and fibroblast cell line were treated with different concentrations of bromelain alone and in combination with cisplatin. Cell viability test was performed after 24, 48 and 72 hours using MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. In the final stage, the drug-treated cells underwent flow cytometry to assess apoptosis patterns. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17, ANOVA (for general comparison of groups) and LSD post hoc tests (for comparison two groups). p< 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

    Results

    The findings suggested that although bromelain showed toxic effects on HN5 cancer cells, its combination with Cisplatin resulted in little improvement in its effectiveness. Bromelain alone and in combination with Cisplatin presented cytotoxic effects against fibroblasts, which depended on the dosage and time exposure (p˂ 0.05). The flow cytometry results did not support the superior effect of the combination of two medications over Cisplatin alone (p> 0.05).

    Conclusion

    According to the findings, although adding bromelain to Cisplatin reduced toxicity on normal tissues, the combination of these two drugs did not increase the anticancer effect of Cisplatin. Thus, bromelain in combination with Cisplatin is not recommended as an adjuvant drug for OSCC.

    Keywords: apoptosis, Bromelain, Cisplatin, Fibroblast, Oral squamous cell carcinoma
  • Ali Amin Akbarnejad, Soleiman Mahjoub, Ahmad Tamadoni, Jila Masrour-Roudsari, Seyedali Seyedmajidi, Maryam Ghasempour * Pages 266-271

    Statement of the Problem:

     Iron overload in β-thalassemia major leads to oxidative damage to tissues, which may have an important role in the onset and progression of oral diseases.

    Purpose

    The aim of this study was to evaluate the salivary oxidative stress indicators, total protein, iron, and pH in children with β-thalassemia major and their relationship with the status of dental caries in comparison with healthy children.

    Materials and Method

    In this case-control study, 68 β-thalassemia major and healthy children, who were age- and sex matched, were selected. Two mililiters of saliva was collected from each child. The pH was measured using pH meter paper. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as salivary lipid peroxidation index, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total protein, and iron were measured by spectrophotometry. Data were analyzed by SPSS ver. 22 software with Pearson and independent samples t-test.

    Results

    TBARS, TAC, iron and dmft index in the β-thalassemia major group were significantly higher and pH was significantly lower than the control group (p< 0.001). The total protein difference between the two groups was not significant (p= 0.081).

    Conclusion

    Considering the higher salivary TBARS in the β-thalassemia major group, oxidative stress can be considered as a risk factor for dental caries in children with β-thalassemia major. Prescription of antioxidant supplements especially natural antioxidants in the diet of children with β-thalassemia major is recommended to reduce oxidative stress.

    Keywords: Thalassemia Major, Hematological Disease, dental caries, Child, Saliva
  • Davoud Jamshidi, Mohammadreza Tahriri, Heydar Mosleh, Mohammad Madadpour, Soolmaz Heidari *, Mahmood Alipour Heydari, MohammadJavad Kharazi Fard Pages 272-277

    Statement of the Problem:

     The success of root canal therapy depends on root canal irrigation, disinfection, and sealing of root canal. Wettability and roughness of root dentine surface are important factors in root canal disinfection and sealing.

    Purpose

    This study aimed to assess the effect of chloroform application on roughness and wettability of the root canal walls in endodontic retreatment.

    Materials and Method

    This in vitro experimental study evaluated 70 sound extracted human anterior teeth. The specimens were then randomly assigned to 7 groups as follows: Chloroform (group 1), 1g gutta percha+chloroform (group 2), 2g gutta percha+ chloroform (group 3), 1g gutta percha+ 1g sealer+ chloroform (group 4), 2g gutta perch+ 2g sealer+chloroform (group 5), 1g sealer + chloroform (group 6) and 2g sealer + chloroform (group 7). One drop of distilled water was placed on each tooth to measure the contact angle and wettability. Photographs were obtained of an area measuring 50×50 µm2 in three directions under an atomic force microscope to measure the roughness. The tooth blocks were exposed to the abovementioned mixtures for 10 min, and then rinsed with saline. The roughness and wettability of each sample were measured before and after treatment. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test.

    Results

    The roughness of all groups significantly decreased following treatment, except for groups 1 and 4. The contact angle increased in all groups after treatment (except for the chloroform group), which indicated decreased wettability. The roughness and the contact angle have shown no correlation.

    Conclusion

    Application of chloroform for removal of gutta-percha and sealer in endodontic retreatment decreases the roughness and wettability of dentine.

    Keywords: Sealer, Chloroform, Gutta percha, Dentin, Contact angle
  • Farrokh Farhadi Shabestari, Reza Khorshidi Khiavi, Mohsen Hashemi *, Tannaz Abdollahzadeh Baghei Pages 278-283

    Statement of the Problem:

     The surgical repair of nasal septal perforation (NSP) has always been a challenging procedure and no consensus has been made about a definitive protocol.

    Purpose

    In the current study, we investigated the use of cryopreserved amniotic membrane with mucosal rotational flap for the surgical repair of NSPs.

    Materials and Method

    In this prospective clinical study, 12 patients with symptomatic NSP underwent primary surgical repair, between December 2018 and October 2019. The surgical procedure comprised of a rotational flap on one side of the defect and cryopreserved amniotic membrane as an interpositional graft in the mucoperichondrial pocket on the other side. The patency of defect was checked at a follow-up appointment at least 3 months after surgery.

    Results

    Successful repair was perceived in 10 of 12 (83%) of patients. Reperforation occurred in two patients but the size of the defect was smaller than the original one. All of the patients reported elimination of all symptoms associated with NSP.

    Conclusion

    The use of cryopreserved amniotic membrane as an interpositional graft accompanied by a mucosal rotational flap seems to be efficient in alleviating the symptoms of NSP and closure of the defect.

    Keywords: Amnion, Nasal septal perforation, nasal surgical procedures
  • Roula Berbari *, Nahla Nassif, Elia Sfeir Pages 284-291

    Statement of the Problem:

     Internal root resorption after pulpotomy is a pathological phenomenon and can lead to early root resorption and subsequent loss of the tooth.

    Purpose

    To assess the relationship between initial inflammatory coronal pulp status in decayed primary molars treated by pulpotomy and internal root resorption after one-year follow-up.

    Materials and Method

    In this clinical in vivo and in vitro experiment, vital pulpotomies were performed on 50 primary molars from 50 patients aged 5 to 10 years. Coronal pulp was carefully removed followed by hemostasis and placement of a reinforced zinc oxide eugenol over the vital radicular pulp. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay was done on coronal pulp samples and the level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α) and interlukin-6 (IL-6) was measured. After a 12-month follow-up, periapical radiographs were taken from pulpotomized teeth. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Chi-square, Kruskal–Wallis, and Mann-Whitney tests were implemented.

    Results

    11 treated teeth (22%) showed an internal root resorption as diagnosed on X-rays. No significant association was found between TNF- α, IL-6 levels, and pathological root resorption respectively (p= 0.953) and (p= 0.944). A significant association between age and pathological root resorption was observed (p= 0.031). No significant association between remaining dentin thickness and pathological root resorption was established (p= 0.346).

    Conclusion

    There was no association between pro-inflammatory cytokines levels/ TNF- α, IL-6 and internal root resorption following pulpotomy in pediatric patients.

    Keywords: Cytokines, internal root resorption, Pulpotomy, primary molars, caries
  • Ehsan Hooshyar, Sarah Hosseini * Pages 292-297

    Statement of the Problem: 

    The World Health Organization (WHO) declared severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is commonly transmitted from human-to-human via close contacts and touching surfaces. Reports indicated that many medical staff got infected on working with infected individuals. Likewise, dentists are at a higher risk for the virus transmission due to close proximity to patients and the nature of dental procedures. Despite all of the protections and disinfections, there were some reports of infected dentists.

    Purpose

    In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of infected dentists and the rate of using protection protocols by them in Iran.

    Materials and Method

    This survey was a cross-sectional descriptive and web-based study in which a questionnaire designed and uploaded on Google forms. The link of the form was shared among dentists in Iran via some social media groups and personal messages.

    Results

    A total of 945 dentists participated in this survey. A higher proportion of participants had their own private practice. About one third reported fatigue, malaise, or headaches since the COVID-19 got epidemic in Iran. Most of the respondents had provided emergency and elective dental treatments, used face shields, and surgical masks. The 26.3% of respondents were positive for COVID-19.

    Conclusion

    According to our analysis, about 26% of dentists had been infected with COVID -19 and most of them reported that they used the CDC’s currently recommended infection prevention and control procedures in dental offices. However, the prevalence of infection was higher than prevalence of infection in the whole population of Iran (approximately 1%) and it showed that dentists were at high risk despite using infection control and personal protection equipment (PPE).

    Keywords: COVID-19, Dentist, SARS-CoV-2, Iran
  • Mahsa Kalantari Khandani, Aida Alavi Samani * Pages 298-306

    Statement of the Problem:

     The prevalence of oral and maxillofacial lesions differs in various populations and is an important concern for health care providers.

    Purpose

    The present study aimed to evaluate the relative frequency and distribution of oral and maxillofacial lesions in patients referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Kerman Faculty of Dentistry in southeast Iran.

    Materials and Method

    In the present retrospective study, the collected data consisted of age, gender, lesion location, and the clinical and histopathological diagnoses of all the biopsy samples diagnosed in 23 years (1997–2020). The data were analyzed with SPSS 22, using the chi-squared test and ANOVA (p< 0.05).

    Results

    From 2092 lesions with a definite diagnosis, 1202 (57.5%) and 890 (42.5%) cases belonged to female and male patients, respectively. The mean age of the subjects was 39.06±17.71 years, and the most frequent location of the lesions was the buccal mucosa (25.2%). The frequencies and number of non-neoplastic lesions, neoplasms, and premalignant lesions were 84% (n=1758), 13.3% (n=278), and 2.7% (n=56), respectively. Reactive lesions were the most common cases, with 34.6% (n=724), and lichen planus was the most frequent lesion with 18.1% (n=379). Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent lesion in patients >70 years of age (27.6 %).

    Conclusion

    The present study provided useful data on the frequency and distribution of oral lesions over 23 years and made it possible to compare its results with those of studies carried out in other countries. Non-neoplastic lesions were the most common category, and lichen planus, pyogenic granuloma, and irritation fibroma were the most frequent lesions in descending order.

    Keywords: Biopsy, prevalence, Pathology, Oral, Iran
  • Mina Mohghegh *, Sajad Baseri, MohamadHassan Kalantari, Rashin Giti, Seyed Ahmad Ghoraishian Pages 307-313

    Statement of the Problem: 

    Increasing the sintering temperature is suggested by some manufacturers as a way to enhance the translucency of monolithic zirconia crowns. Meanwhile, its effect on the marginal fit and compressive strength of the restoration is not fully understood.

    Purpose

    This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sintering temperature on the marginal fit and compressive strength of monolithic zirconia crowns.

    Materials and Method

    In this in vitro study, thirty crowns of pre-sintered monolithic zirconia were milled and sintered in a special furnace at either 1450°C or 1550°C (n=15 per group). The marginal gaps were measured at 18 spots on the dies with a digital microscope. To evaluate the compressive strength, the specimens were cemented on brass dies by using conventional glass ionomer cement. Vertical load was applied by a universal testing machine until fracture. One-way ANOVA test was used to analyze the results (α=0.05).

    Results

    The marginal gap was not significantly different between the two groups (p= 0.062). A significantly higher mean value of compressive strength was observed in crowns sintered at 1550°c (1988.27±635.09 N) than those sintered at 1450 °c (1514.27±455.11 N) (p= 0.026).

    Conclusion

    Although increasing the sintering temperature would not affect the marginal gap of monolithic zirconia crowns, it could significantly improve the compressive strength of zirconia restorations.

    Keywords: Compressive strength, experimental study, marginal fit, monolithic zirconia, sintering temperature
  • Asieh Mozaffari, Mahtab Samieifar *, Bahare Abd Nikfarjam, Monirsadat Mirzadeh, Shadi Assareh, Samira Mohammad Mirzapour Pages 314-320

    Statement of the Problem: 

    Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease caused by periopathogens and its severity is determined by the host immune response. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) can be used for non-invasive testing to assess the host response in periodontal treatment. Pentraxins are the classic mediators of inflammation and pentraxin-3 can be used as a marker to assess response to therapy, which was investigated in this study.

    Purpose

    This study aimed to assess the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on GCF level of pentraxin-3 in patients with chronic periodontitis.

    Materials and Method

    25 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and 25 periodontally healthy controls were evaluated. Pocket probing depth, clinical attachment loss, plaque index, gingival index, and bleeding on probing were measured in both groups. GCF samples were collected using paper strips to assess the level of pentraxin-3. In the CP group, GCF samples were collected from the highest clinical attachment loss, pocket probing depth, and bone loss at baseline and six weeks after non-surgical therapy. The level of pentraxin-3 in the GCF was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.

    Results

    Pentraxin-3 in GCF of CP patients before treatment (6.72±4.63 ng/mL) was higher than the control group (4.43±2.85 ng/mL). Pentraxin-3 in patients after non-surgical therapy (3.2±2.66 ng/mL) decreased significantly compared to the baseline (p= 0.04) and its level after treatment was not significantly different from the control group (p= 0.14).

    Conclusion

    Pentraxin-3 in GCF of CP patients was higher than healthy controls and decreased in response to non-surgical periodontal therapy. Thus, it can be used as an inflammatory marker for detection of patients at risk of CP. However, further studies with larger samples and longer follow-ups in different populations are required to confirm our findings.

    Keywords: Chronic periodontitis, Gingival Crevicular Fluid, Pentraxin 3
  • Fatemeh Jahanimoghadam, Jelveh Hasheminejad * Pages 321-326

    Lipoid proteinosis (LP) is a sporadic congenital metabolic disorder characterized by deposition of hyaline material in various organs. It has a very low prevalence rate of approximately 300 cases reported up to now. It has a vast spectrum of manifestations ranging from asymptomatic skin lesions to the rare but life-threatening laryngeal obstruction. The knowledge of the clinical features of the disease such as hoarseness of voice from infancy, mucocutaneous manifestations, moniliform blepharosis (multiple, beaded papules along the eyelash line) and dental anomalies such as hypoplasia or aplasia of teeth may help oral health care practitioners improve the quality of their patient’s life. This case report describes a typical 10-year-old boy who presented to the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran with the typical recurrent skin and mucosal lesions, hoarseness, and blepharosis. In addition, he stated a gradual hearing loss, which is not reported as a common manifestation. Moreover, psychosocial issues regarding his appearance and quality of voice had led to absenteeism from school. A punch biopsy obtained from a lesion on his forearm revealed the characteristic histopathological view and directed to the diagnosis of lipoid proteinosis. Dental treatment was initiated with focus on preventive dentistry due to the restricted mouth opening, which was expected to get worse overtime. There is no definitive cure for this disease and the treatment is symptomatic in most cases. A proper workup can result in early diagnosis and management of dental complications, which are difficult to control due to restricted mouth opening, which may significantly affect the patient’s social life.

    Keywords: Acneiform scar, Hoarseness, Oral manifestation, Lipoid proteinosis, Moniliform blepharosis
  • Mohammad Moshref, Alireza Modarresi *, Negar Razzaghi Pages 327-335

    Osteoblastoma is a solitary benign bone-forming neoplasm, which comprises 1% of all primary bone tumors. Multifocal benign osteoblastoma of the jaws is very rare. Osteoblastoma must be differentiated from other similar bone-forming lesions such as osteoid osteoma and osteosarcoma for correct diagnosis and proper treatment planning. Therefore, precise examination of the patient and correlation with radiographic and histological features are essential for the best treatment and prognosis. This study reports a rare case of multifocal osteoblastoma in a 30-year-old female, involving the mandible and the maxilla, which was treated by surgical excision, iliac bone graft reconstruction, and implantation. Complete surgical excision is necessary to treat osteoblastoma with a good prognosis. The patient was followed-up for four years postoperatively, and there were no signs of recurrence in the panoramic view or the clinical examination.

    Keywords: Multifocal, Osteoblastoma, jaws, Enucleation, peripheral ostectomy