مجله آموزش پژوهی
پیاپی 30 (تابستان 1401)

The aim of this study was to promote Iranian EFL learners' reading literacy which is a worldwide concern. The decline in reading motivation that is typically observed in most Iranian universities is thus a cause for serious concern for Iranian EFL learners. Therefore, a total number of 285 participants from six different fields of study, social sciences, math, primary education, chemistry, biology and Persian literature took part in this study. Participants’ responses to the reading motivation statements, reading comprehension questions, and English language proficiency questions were analyzed through a Kruskal-Wallis test, T-test, ANOVA, and correlation. The findings indicated that learners with higher motivation in reading comprehension performed much better in reading comprehension than other learners with lower motivation. It was also demonstrated that the participants' discipline was a significant contributing factor to the relationship between reading motivation and reading comprehension ability. The findings further proved that the higher the students' proficiency level, the higher their reading motivation level. In sum, the present study indicated conclusively that there are different dimensions of reading motivation which relate differentially to the participants' reading comprehension ability.

The main purpose of this study is to analyze the components of critical thinking in exercises and the final questions of the stories of Persian reading books from the third to the sixth grade. Data were collected using the Quantitative Content Analysis method and based on a checklist of criticalthinking components of the California Critical Thinking Skills Test. The statistical population includes Persian reading books for the third to sixth grades, compiled in the year (1397/1397) and in this study, the size of the population and the sample are equal. The unit of analysis is the texts of exercises and the final questions of the stories of the mentioned books and the unit of registration is also the sentence (news and question). William Scott's formula was used to determine the reliability of the codings and the reliability coefficient number (/76) was obtained. Descriptive statistics (frequency determination-percentage) and Shannonentropy were used to analyze the data. A total of (91) components related to the components of critical thinking were identified. The results show that the highest coefficient of importance is related to inferential skills with the number (/ 418) and in deductive and inductive reasoning skills the coefficient of importance is zero.

The overall purpose of this study is to analyze the lived experiences of graduates of Farhangian University in terms of the challenges in recognizing the fourth elementary mathematical misconceptions and effective strategies to reduce it. The research was carried out as a qualitative framework using phenomenological strategy that its data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews using an objective oriented method and the theoretical saturation criterion. Study Participants were 10 teachers who were graduated from Fars Farhangian University and had experiences of teaching mathematics in the fourth grade of elementary. To analyze the information obtained from this research, the thematic coding method was used. Based on the research findings, 247 basic themes were obtained, which were first classified into 19 categories as level 1 organizing themes and then into 2 categories of Challenges and Strategies as level 2 organizing themes. The results of the study indicated that in order to identifying misconceptions and finding strategies to improve them, it is necessary to hold workshops in the university and make better use of internship.

Since there is no astronomy course in the Iranian public education system, the question arises as to what content of astronomy and with what structure is presented in the textbooks? To investigate this issue, content analysis method has been used and all textbooks of elementary and junior high schools have been examined by census method. Texts have been described and analyzed by Merrill study method, images by emphasis method method and also the relationship between text and image by communication method. The results show that the content of astronomy is organized and distributed in a multidisciplinary manner among elementary and junior high school courses, with the share of experimental science courses being 45.4% and the share of social studies being 26.8%. Although most of the content of astronomy is presented theoretically in textbooks, in the meantime, in the course of experimental sciences and in the ninth grade, more emphasis has been placed on the method of work. In the elementary school, the image was used almost twice as much as in the secondary school, and in 38.2% of the pictures, the emphasis technique was used.

Extensive use of ICT in educational process in educational approaches with the evolution of the universe, the formation has provided smart schools. The knowledge-based societies are key requirements, including schools and approaches to development and entrepreneurship skills of students pursuing licensing opportunities. The purpose of this study is to provide a model for leveling the factors affevting school intelligence. By reviewing the research literature and attracting the opinion of experts, the issue was identifiend in the form of ten facters and thirty six indicator. The validity of the researcher made matrix questionnaire was confirmed by experts. To determine the interrelationship agents were assigned to eight expert in the fields of hnformation and communication technology training technology and innovation. The data obtained from these questionnaires were analyzed using interpretive structural modeling and in terms of impact or effectiveness was drawn in five levels and in an interactive network each other and Hardware, software, human resources, financial resources and costs are the most effectives and the highest level and information security is at the lowest level.

The aim of this study was to introduce a new educational paradigm called Education 4 using the "scoping review" method, to examine the emerging evidence of this type of training, and to answer the questions raised in this context. For this purpose, the evidence in this field was defined in various and certain studies, and key concepts were defined. The required features and skills for this type of training were also described and the role of technology development was discussed. The importance of recognizing this paradigm for the new generation is to keep up with the changes to be able to compete. For our educational centers, from primary schools to universities, if they don't use the new scientific methods resulting from this type of education in their centers, they will gradually lose their connection with the world of work and industry and won't be able to meet the needs of the new age.

This research is an applied and non-experimental type of research. The statistical method is also the factor analysis method. The data collection tool is a direct and targeted interview with the trainers. The results showed that the most important virtual and electronic professional qualifications of trainers in the days of Corona are respectively: technical qualifications including: development of infrastructure and supply of hardware and electronic equipment, content production and software programs and educational resources Theoretical and practical electronics, mastery of technical work with the Internet and various virtual networks and paying attention to the technical and work situation. Scientific qualifications include: understanding the scientific foundations of virtual education, making virtual learning meaningful for skill learners and art students, self-confidence and technological responsibility, motivation, participation, creativity, innovation and virtual practical capabilities, growth and development of knowledge and skills. Theoretical and practical work with virtual space and remote communication skills with students and art students and the ability to overcome the existing barriers of virtual and electronic education and finally educational qualifications including: cooperative and team learning, problem solving strategy, pragmatism, environment Self-directed, self-directed and self-accessible virtual and electronic learning.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of play therapy training on social identity of a number of preschool girls in District 4 of Shiraz.. In terms of purpose, this research is one of the applied researches for which a quasi-experimental method was used with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population includes all preschool girls in District 4 of Shiraz. The sample was selected using Sample available method and the selected individuals were replaced in two experimental (n = 22) and control (n = 22) groups. The measurement tool in this study was Newsha growth test. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of analysis of covariance showed that play therapy training has a significant effect on social identity of preschool children. Due to the different functions of play in education, it is necessary to teach children to play. When we teach the child the correct or new way of using a device, the subject and the story path are suggested to the child, in fact, the ground for the child's social development and social identity is provided.