مجله کاربرد سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی و سنجش از دور در برنامه ریزی
سال سیزدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 47، بهار 1401)

Regional dust storm events are the prime concern of many countries located within the arid belt of the world. Nowadays, dust is a serious challenge in the world, especially in the Middle East. In recent decades, dust storms is known as the most damaging and inclusive environmental crisis in Iran due to the impacts of climate and land use changes. The aim of this study is to detect and simulation of dust storms in southwest regions of Iran. For this purpose, changes in dust were analyzed during a 22-year period (1995-2016) for six provinces southwest of Iran including Khozestan, Ilam, Kermanshah, Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari, Lorestan and Kohgiluyeh, and Boyerahmad with an area of about 169266 square kilometers. For this study were using the HYSPLIT model. The data used covered and include GDAS data, view field, velocity and direction of a wind, temperature, and geopotential height in the atmosphere, which are different at various levels. GDAS data for tracking the winding path in the HYSPLIT model were used. Simulation studies of dust particle movement paths have shown that most of the tracks are from the northern and central parts of Iraq and Syria and the source of dust storms are deserts and dry regions of the northern and central parts of Iraq and Syria.

Road accidents are one of the events that have caused the most loss of life in recent years compared to accidents such as floods, earthquakes, etc. in our country. Currently, we are witnessing the death or injury of some people in these accidents every day. Various factors are involved in these accidents, one of which is the insecurity of the roads and the existence of problems in them. In this regard, if complete information about unsafe and accident-prone roads is available and necessary and sufficient measures are taken to fix the problems, the number of accidents will definitely decrease; Therefore, collecting accident data and other information related to the points that are prone to accidents is a very important to reduce accidents and improve road safety. One of the ways to obtain comprehensive and up-to-date information is to use Volunteered Geospatial Data (VGI). Based on this method, people provide the system with their data collected for a specific purpose. After VGI has been collected, sharing this data requires a system in the form of a web-based application so that users can share information about incidents or hazards on the road. OSM is one of the appropriate and cost-effective geo-web portals for planning in times of crisis. Therefore, in this research, OSM was investigated and used along with VGI to investigate the occurrence of accidents in Iran. In this research, the functionality of the OSM in terms of geographic data regarding accidents and unsafe roads has been investigated. Four spatial data recording methods were examined and finally the Editing with iD method was evaluated as more effective. The obtained results show the efficiency of OSM in registering voluntary geographic information related to accidents.

The expansion of urbanization has significant effects on the planet. One of the effects that people are dealing with today is global warming, which has appeared as urban heat islands. Heat islands are urban areas that are significantly warmer than the surrounding environment. The purpose of the research is to extract the spatial-temporal changes of the thermal islands of Shiraz using satellite images and to determine the relationship between the type of land cover and its surface temperature. In this regard, first the necessary pre-processing was done to prepare a user map on the images and the changes in land cover, water, wind, vegetation and albedo and the sky visibility index of the studied area were also extracted and satellite images were prepared and interpreted in the GIS environment. The results show that point number 9 (Qasr al-Dasht gardens of Shiraz) has the lowest temperature and this shows the inverse relationship between green spaces and thermal islands. The use of remote sensing data plays an important role in the management of urban space and effectively helps city managers in urban space planning. Urban building materials have a significant effect on intensifying heat islands in such a way that the use of standard materials reduces the temperature to a large extent, and vegetation has a reducing effect and built surfaces have intensifying effects on heat islands. The pattern of spatial and temporal distribution of thermal islands is influenced by the pattern of land use distribution.

Geo tourism phenomena are one of the most important resources and national capitals, which if properly planned to exploit their benefits, can bring many material and spiritual benefits to the country, considering that most of the peri-urban space of the cities of Semnan province is in the territory of the regions. It is located in a dry and desert area, accurate and basic understanding of the capabilities of deserts and deserts and ways of exploiting them is one of the essential requirements for the economic and social development of the province. It has desert tourism land, which is called both as an opportunity and as a threat to development. The share of tourists and those interested in the historical cultural attractions of the city is higher (about 47 percent), which requires sustainable tourism management and planning for the historical cultural attractions. It is. Garmsard desert areas and sites are located in the south and west of the city, the most important geo-sites of desert eco-tourism in the city can be mentioned in the desert national park, mines and different forms of salt, Varig Jen sand dunes, paved road and desert caravanserais. . In general, the tourism potential of mines and salt formations in the region is well evaluated, the adaptation of tourism characteristics and tourism destinations of Garmsar desert indicates the motivation and type of desert tourism, scientific and adventurous tourism with the interest and proportion of average tourists and matching with the tourism model in the exploration stage. (Butler) In the stage of interest and strategic framework for the desert national park, Crouch and Ritchie's strategy is proposed, for salt mines, Porter's strategy and for sand dune, Poon's strategy is proposed.

Choosing the right place to build a new shopping center is a multi-criteria decision-making problem that involves different people and opinions. In this research, geographic information systems (GIS) and multi-criteria decision-making models have been used to perform some stages of spatial analysis, and then the development of a group decision support system for aggregating and selecting the final alternative has been discussed. A two-step method was proposed in this research to create limited decision-making options. In the first stage, creating standard criteria maps including five items with spatial analysis and normalization was done in ArcGIS software. According to the studies, the weight of each criterion was determined and the weighted overlapping of the layers was done. After applying the limiting options, six areas were determined to perform web-based location selection. In the second stage, a group spatial decision support system was developed. Using Visual Studio environment and C# programming language and .NET technology, a website was designed for the participation of experts in this field. In the architecture of this system, ASPMap technology, including a set of controls and map components, and location-based tools, was embedded on the server side of the program. User weighting of the criteria was done in the forms designed by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). With the help of stored procedures in a SQL Server database, the average value of each of the selected points is calculated online based on the opinions of the group. Finally, the point that had the highest value in the average of the opinions of different users was introduced as the best place to build a shopping center. The research results showed that the proposed method has high flexibility, speed, and ease in applying group opinions.

This paper discusses the methodology used in the development of advanced traveler information system (ATIS). This system is designed as a part of web geographical information system (GIS) based advanced public transport systems. Web GIS-based ATIS system includes spatial data for the designed functionalities and provides GIS capabilities to the users through the internet. In addition to these functionalities, a route planning algorithm to plan the shortest route between the selected bus transit points is also designed using ant system algorithm and is integrated with web GIS. This study presents the ant system algorithm adopted for the shortest route finding with the methodology developed for the web GIS-based ATIS system for the study area of the city Chandigarh in India using open source software MapServer as web map server. This study also discusses the three-tier logical architecture used in the methodology for providing GIS cap-abilities to the user over the internet. These systems providing the information about the planning of shortest route between the desired origin and destination points utilise the latest web-based technologies and reliable path routing algorithms. In this paper, the shortest route finding problem between a set of selected origin and destination points is solved by the method of the inspired heuristics (meta-heuristics) ant colony system (ACS) and the methodology is developed for the in-tegration of this technique in a web-based geographical information system (web GIS) to disseminate the functionalities to the users through the internet as a web GIS-based ATIS.