فصلنامه مدیریت دولتی
پیاپی 50 (تابستان 1401)

This research seeks to design a policy-making model for Iranian cinema to promote its international position

In terms of strategy, this study is qualitative and data-based theory research. To gather the required data, the researcher conducted semi-structured interviews with 12 cultural policy specialists and cinema experts using a purposive method. The interviews were analyzed through coding to enumerate concepts, subcategories, and mail categories according to Strauss and Carbin’s paradigm model (2018). The researcher explored the validity of the model using a focus group study and measured reliability via reproducibility (reliability coefficient).

The policy-making model for Iranian cinema reached theoretical saturation as it consisted of 18 main categories, 50 subcategories, and 507 concepts. Causal conditions included the existence of legal problems in Iranian cinema, the dependence of cinema on the country’s political structure and government, financial and investment problems in cinema, and the lack of an integrated structure in this field. Background conditions included hardware and software problems in Iranian cinema and the mistrust between the Iranian political structure and cinema activists. Intervention conditions included the indifference of the political structure to globalization, the sanctions imposed on the country, lack of knowledge management in cinema regardless of the capacity of the media in the international cinema sector, and disregard for marketing and branding in cinema. Strategies included reviewing, reforming and formulation of legal issues, supporting the public sector in cinema, efforts to industrialize Iranian cinema, and domestic and foreign interactions and synergy in cinema. The obtained results proved that it is vital to strengthen Iran's public diplomacy in the world and improve the international position of Iranian cinema.

In conclusion, considering it an effective tool, Cinema can provide a fresh perspective to the international community as it helps expand the audience’s knowledge about the Iranian culture. Therefore, it neutralizes negative publicity advertised about Iran by foreign media.

The economic and social growth rates directly affect economic development. They increase long-term social welfare in a country; therefore, most countries run programs to support entrepreneurship in their communities. Entrepreneurship and economic growth are direct indicators of economic development in any country, while entrepreneurship contributes to economic growth by creating innovation, creativity, and increasing competition. Governance is one of the factors that affect entrepreneurial activities, and sustainable governance can facilitate entrepreneurial activities. This study aims to provide a sustainable governance model using an entrepreneurial development approach.

The current study is applied in terms of purpose. This study used a qualitative approach to provide a framework for sustainable governance by means of an entrepreneurial development approach. This study is descriptive in terms of data collection. At first, 18 sources were selected and studied using the meta-synthesis method and purposive sampling of internal scientific databases. Then, theoretical saturation was obtained by conducting twelve interviews.

A meta-synthesis method was used in the first stage of the data collection. The final framework of the research was extracted by analyzing the content of the texts from the interviews. Based on this, seven components were identified in the form of 56 indicators. The results of data analysis indicate that the extracted components are classified into three levels of business, national, and international, which complement each other. The findings of this study suggest that all international, national, and business sectors are complementary and will simultaneously help each other.

The components of government rejuvenation, elimination of parallel institutions, government modernization, economic factors (reform of banking structures), creation of hardware and software infrastructure, creation of international competitive advantage, and influence on international markets form the framework for sustainable governance. In creating sustainable governance with an entrepreneurial development approach, the components of a business, national, and international levels should be considered simultaneously, and business-level components and the national level are the basis and facilitators of international-level components; for example if economic factors are considered at the national level, and the necessary hardware and software infrastructure is formed, it will create macroeconomic sustainability and a competitive advantage at the international level. To penetrate international markets, the domestic economy must grow to create demand at the international level and form international enterprises. In other words, the components of a business, national, and international level together will lead to sustainable governance with an entrepreneurial development approach and economic, social, and political development.

The aim of the current research is to design smart human resources with a digital transformation approach. Considering the expansion of the function of transformative technologies in businesses and the growth of knowledge measures, designing a structural model of digital transformation in the human resource management systems of knowledge-based companies plays a great role in their excellence and sophistication. In terms of purpose, this study is an applied-developmental research and it was carried out with a cross-sectional survey approach.

In order to identify the underlying issues of smart human resources architecture based on digital transformation, we have used the theme analysis method and MaxQDA software, and to provide a structural approach, we have used the structural-interpretive method and MicMac software.

By analyzing the content of the expert panel interview, which includes seventeen academic elites, human resource managers and digital transformation managers in knowledge-based companies, 245 codes were identified in the open coding stage. Finally, through axial coding, three comprehensive categories, eight organizing categories and sixty-two basic themes were identified, which in comprehensive categories, was categorized in the form of managerial factors, process factors and human resources factors.

Based on the analysis, it can be stated that the strategies of organizational architecture, human resource management, core technology, employee participation, and human resource architecture have the greatest power of influence on structural model design and they have great influence on knowledge management and organizational learning. Making the human resources smart can be achieved by paying attention to these two factors.

The purpose of this study is to understand how the official policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the field of fixed internet bandwidth has changed from limited to free development. Along with this goal, creating a policy insight in cyberspace policy field, learning lessons for policy makers and decision makers from this policy process and creating recognition about existing coalitions in the field of cyberspace is also pursued. Policy process theories seek to explain how policies are formed and changed. This study seeks to explain the process of policy change in the fixed Internet bandwidth subsystem by applying the Advocacy Coalition framework (ACF) and the role of different coalitions in this change. Broadband policies, as one of the most important policies in the field of technical-infrastructure of cyberspace, have undergone a serious change since two decades ago. To this end, the following questions must be answered: 1.What coalitions have been formed by the actors for changing fixed internet bandwith policy subsystem? 2. What beliefs have existed among the actors of this policy subsystem? 3. What conditions and events have been effective in changing the Iran's fixed internet bandwith policy?

This study was conducted using a case study strategy and focusing on existing documents on bandwidth policies in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Documentary study method was used to review the documents and focus group mechanism was used to validate the findings. For this purpose, 15 important documents in this field have been analyzed and 8 macro and sub-trends have been extracted using the logic of qualitative methods.

The findings indicate that in the competition between the two coalitions of limited development and free development bandwidth, the most important factors in changing policies are: changing the country's governance system and the increasing development of technologies and, consequently, social pressure to shape this development. According to the history, review of documents, decisions, and obvious positions of different actors, we can generally identify two competing coalitions in the field of internet bandwidth in the Islamic Republic of Iran: 1. Limited Development Coalition, which accept network and bandwidth development only in the form of a national information network and considers development to be dependent on the production of appropriate and local content. In fact, the policy that they pursue is limited bandwidth development and is quoted in the rules and regulations. 2. The Free Bandwidth Development Coalition which considers bandwidth in general and without any serious distinction between being domestic or international, and According to its ideological foundations, unlike the previous coalition, it does not show any resistance against being influenced by foreign culture and the blurring of national borders in cyberspace. They consider this development to be an unconditional right of the citizens.

Learning from this process that took place in two decades and considering the current situation in Iran and the world is: 1-the change in some secondary beliefs and 2-the formation of a third coalition that pursues technology-oriented governance. Given the importance of platforms in today's world, the axis and index of development or non-development of bandwidth in the country should be focus on platforms and maintaining the power of governance to regulate and rule through them, not the restriction or lack of growth in quality and access.

Considering the important role of financial supervisory and operational supervision in reducing infringements in the public sector, the purpose of this study is to find solutions for developing the capabilities of the Iranian Supreme Audit Court in this regard. 

This is a survey study. The participants in the qualitative part included the experts and experienced staff of the Supreme Audit Court. The statistical sample in the quantitative part included all members of the auditing boards of the same Iranian body. Accordingly, 14 people were interviewed and 190 questionnaires were answered by them. The validity and reliability of the used questionnaire were assessed and confirmed before its distribution. The reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient method. Non-parametric chi-square and ratio tests were used to analyze its items. Formal validity, content validity, and construct validity of the questionnaire were also evaluated. 

Analyzing the qualitative and quantitative parts of the research, six main factors were identified as preventive financial supervisory and operational supervision policies applied by the Supreme Audit Court. Also, 30 solutions were extracted from interviewing the experts. The obtained results proved a positive relationship between the development of preventive financial supervisory and operational supervision by the Supreme Audit Court and the proposed solutions in sectors of education and ICT as well as factors including intermediate and continuous reporting, job satisfaction, and motivation.

Financial resources are one of the most important and key factors in the development of countries, accordingly, monitoring the use of resources is necessary. Today, due to the complexity of financial systems, limited resources and opportunities, and the need for equitable allocation of resources and opportunities, the importance and need for oversight of the financial reporting process are more considerable. Therefore, regulators play an important role in preventing corruption in government property and contracts. The success and progress in any system rely on effective, efficient, and preventive financial supervisory and operational supervision.

The purpose of the present study is to design a model for the promotion of general welfare based on good governance. The current research is developmental and applied in terms of its purpose. 

In the qualitative stage of the present study, the issue analysis method was used. The descriptive method was used in the validation phase. In the qualitative phase, in order to design the research model, Interviews were conducted with 20 academic and executive experts who were selected by purposive sampling. In the quantitative stage, to validate the research model, the employees of the Iranian Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor, and Social Welfare were asked for their opinions by answering a questionnaire. The gathered data were analyzed by structural equation modeling and Smart PLS software. The sample size included 216 people and was calculated using the Cochran formula. A subset of participants from the population was selected by the simple random method. 

According to the findings, three variable categories of propellants, strategies and consequences were identified for public welfare governance.

The results showed that the use of good governance principles can play a great role in promoting public welfare. Also, the strategies and characteristics of the Iranian Ministry of Cooperation, Labor and Social Welfare play a significant moderating role in improving the conditions of public welfare in society.