پژوهش نامه روانشناسی مثبت
سال هشتم شماره 2 (پیاپی 30، تابستان 1401)

Hope can play a crucial role in human behavior. It can help to develop talents, increase self-confidence, and brighten the future. This study aimed to investigate the effect of positive mood induction on increasing hope among students of Bu-Ali Sina University in Hamadan. Forty-five students with lower scores on the Hope Questionnaire were randomly assigned to the experimental (positive mood and mental imagery) and control groups (N = 15). The data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance. The results showed that the method of inducing positive moods by mental imagery and by reading positive sentences significantly increased the level of hope in students. According to the research findings, inducing a positive mood can effectively increase students' hope. As a result, it can be used to increase hope among students.

Given the effect of psychological well-being on mental and physical health and the destructive effect of loneliness on psychological well-being, this study investigated the mediating role of mindfulness in the relationship between loneliness and psychological well-being. Also, this study investigated whether gender is a moderator in the association between mindfulness and psychological well-being. In addition to demographic information_ age and gender, an eligible sample of 412 adults completed three questionnaires, including the Loneliness Scale, Psychological Well-Being (PWB-18), and the Mindfulness Scale (MAAS). Sampling was conducted online on the Internet. This survey has been analyzed with moderated regression analysis. The model explained about 48% variance in psychological well-being. All direct effects _the effect of loneliness on psychological well-being, loneliness on mindfulness, and mindfulness on psychological well-being_ were statistically significant. Also, the indirect effect of loneliness on psychological well-being through activation of mindfulness was significant. In other words, mindfulness can mediate the effect of loneliness on psychological well-being. On the other hand, loneliness might decrease psychological well-being by decreasing mindfulness. The results confirmed the moderating role of gender in the effect of mindfulness on psychological well-being so that the effect of mindfulness on psychological well-being intensifies among women. The findings of this study can be used to create a solution to reduce the destructive effects of loneliness on psychological well-being.

This study aimed to determine the positive group training on marital satisfaction and psychological well-being in Basiji Married Women of Aran and Bidgol. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. Twenty-eight married women were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two groups of experimental and control groups (N = 14). The participants were tested for their marital satisfaction and psychological well-being. Group's positive training was conducted for the experimental group in 8 one-hour sessions. Moreover, both groups received the same scales at the end of the intervention. The multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance showed that positive training positively affected the marital satisfaction means of married women; however, it did not affect the psychological well-being. Therefore, it is suggested that therapists in marriage counseling centers use this training program to improve clients' psychological well-being and marital satisfaction.

One of the problems and obstacles of educational systems is academic failures that impose unpleasant financial and attitude burdens on the educational system, family, and students. Thus, this study aimed to examine the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on motivational beliefs in secondary school boy students with academic failure. The present study was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test and follow-up with a control group. The sample consisted of 30 male students with academic failure in Dezful schools in the academic year of 2018-2019. The participants were selected by the available sampling method and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received eight ninety-minute sessions over two months. The applied questionnaire in the study was Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire. Data were analyzed through multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that positive intervention affects motivational beliefs in students with academic failure. Therefore, according to the present study's findings, positive intervention can efficiently increase self-efficacy and intrinsic value and reduce test anxiety, which are the subcomponents of motivational beliefs in students with academic failure.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of positive group training on distress tolerance and coping strategies in adolescent girls in foster care in Tehran, Iran. This study was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control and follow-up group. Among 85 girls in the foster care center, 30 girls between the ages of 12-17 were selected by convenience sampling and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 in each group). The instruments used in this study included Distress Tolerance Scale, Coping Strategies Questionnaire, and Positive Training Protocol. First, all subjects were pre-tested, and then the experimental group started a positive group training during eight two-hour sessions, but no intervention was performed on the control group. At the end of the intervention, both groups were compared by post-test. Also, to follow up, both groups answered the mentioned questionnaires after two months. Multivariate analysis of covariance with repeated measures was used to analyze the statistical data. The multivariate analysis of covariance results with repeated measures showed a significant effect of positive attitude training on increasing anxiety tolerance and coping strategies compared with the control group in nodules of homeless adolescent girls. There was also a significant difference between the two groups in the follow-up stage using a multivariate analysis of covariance. Also, the results showed stability in the follow-up phase between the two groups.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of positive psychology training on students' wisdom, resilience, and cognitive flexibility. The research design was quasi-experimental, using pretest, post-test and follow-up design with the control group. The sample consisted of 30 undergraduate students of Payame Noor University in the academic year 2020-2021. The participants were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. First, in the pretest stage, both groups answered the questionnaires on wisdom, resilience, and cognitive flexibility. Then, positive psychology training was performed in 14 sessions of 60 minutes for the experimental group and the post-test was administered. After two months, for the third time (as a follow-up), both groups answered the research questionnaires. The analysis of covariance showed that positive psychology training caused stable changes in wisdom, resilience, and cognitive flexibility in the experimental group compared to the control group in the post-test. This effect was also sustained during the follow-up phase. The research findings indicate that positive psychology training could improve wisdom, resilience, and cognitive flexibility.