فهرست مطالب
Asian Journal of Sports Medicine
Volume:13 Issue: 3, Sep 2022
- تاریخ انتشار: 1401/08/14
- تعداد عناوین: 6
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Page 1Background
Oxidative stress (OS) contributes to the development of some disorders, including malignancies, metabolic diseases, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.
ObjectivesThe effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on OS parameters have been assessed through an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.
MethodsSCOPUS, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Sciences were used for article searching. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and its standard error were calculated using a random-effects DerSimonian and Laird model. All analyses were done using the STATA software version 16.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX).
ResultsBased on twenty-five studies which remained to be incorporated in the meta-analysis, a statistically significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) (SMD -2.74; 95% CI -3.89, -1.58; I2 = 96.9%) as well as nitric oxide (NO) (SMD -5.16; 95% CI -7.98, 2.34; I2 = 92.5%) was associated with CoQ10 supplementation, and a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (SMD 3.40; 95% CI 1.98, 4.83; I2 = 97.4%) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (SMD 1.22; 95% CI 0.32, 2.12; I2 = 94.32%).
ConclusionsThe results showed no significant effect of CoQ10 supplementation on glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) activities, and glutathione (GSH) levels. CoQ10 supplementation significantly reduced MDA and NO concentrations and increased TAC and SOD activity.
Keywords: Coenzyme Q 10, Oxidative Stress, Superoxide Dismutase, Malondialdehyde, Total Antioxidant Capacity -
Page 2Background
Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive and degenerative disorder of the central nervous system with four main symptoms of bradykinesia, tremor, muscular rigidity, and postural instability.
ObjectivesThe effect of 12 weeks of Pilates and aquatic exercise on muscle strength and range of motion (ROM) in male patients with Parkinson's disease was assessed in this article.
MethodsIn this quasi-experimental study, 25 male patients reporting to Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan, were selected randomly and grouped in Pilates (n = 7), Aquatic exercise (n = 10), and Control (n = 8). The experimental groups received 1-hour sessions of training three times a week for 12 weeks. Muscle strength and ROM of each patient was measured through the Biodex Isokinetic System 3 before entering the study and after the final assigned session.
ResultsPilates and Aquatic exercise groups had a significant improvement in ROM, while no significant difference was observed in the control group. Muscle strength and ROM increased significantly in the experimental groups compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The effect of Pilates on muscle strength was not significant (P < 0.05).
ConclusionsNon-pharmacological modalities could be contributive in the patients with Parkinson's disease recovery and lead to significant improvements in their physiological parameters of muscle strength and ROM. Next to the pharmacological treatments, patients could benefit from inexpensive and readily available options like Pilates and aquatic exercises to alleviate the disease symptoms. Further studies should be run to reveal the aforementioned and plausible benefits of these complementary activities.
Keywords: Range of Motion, Pilates, Parkinson's Disease, Muscle Strength, Aquatic Exercise -
Page 3Background
Snooker is a kind of cue sport in which skill plays an important role. To reach a professional level, snooker players must acquire many physical and mental skills. Strengthening the core muscles, which provide a foundation for a successful limb function in skill sports such as snooker, can be achieved by performing Pilates exercises.
ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of core muscle training on skill and balance for snooker players.
MethodsIn this study, 30 male snooker players were divided into Pilates (n = 15) and control groups (n = 15) by randomization. The Pilates group performed the mat Pilates exercises three sessions per week consisting of 30 minutes of Pilates training in addition to one hour of routine snooker training per session for six weeks. The control group performed one-hour routine snooker training three sessions per week at the same time period. To assess the players' skills, the line-up test was used to measure the break score, and the foul number test was used to calculate the foul number. Players' balance was evaluated by the stork balance test. All tests were performed pre and post 6 weeks of exercise for between and within- group comparisons.
ResultsLine-up and stork test scores were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the Pilates group compared with the control group. However, there was no significant difference in the foul numbers between groups after Six weeks of Pilates exercises.
ConclusionsSix weeks of mat Pilates exercises improves the snooker players' balance ability and break scores.
Keywords: Postural Control, Pilates Training, Snooker, Athletic Performance, Core Strength -
Page 4Background
Betatrophin/angiopoietin-like protein (ANGPTL8) is defined as an adipokine that regulates blood glucose and triglyceride levels.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of propolis supplementation for the first time on serum levels of the hormone betatrophin, as a drug target in the treatment of dyslipidemia, in male endurance athletes for four weeks.
Methods44 male athletes with an average age of 22 ± 3 years, a height of 177.5 ± 6.5 cm, and a weight of 76 ± 6 kg were selected in Qazvin. They were randomly divided into four groups: Supplementation, placebo, physical activity, and control. The supplementation and placebo groups received two 500 mg tablets of propolis and cellulose (in terms of shape and color, are similar to the original supplement and have no properties, flavor, and aroma) once after lunch and once after dinner, respectively. The drug treatment lasted for four weeks. The athletes' weight and serum levels of betatrophin were measured at the beginning and the end of 4 weeks of treatment. The ELISA method was used to assess the serum concentration of betatrophin. Analyzes were performed by the ANCOVA method.
ResultsThe results showed that the long-term endurance training plus propolis supplementation would result in significant changes in the betatrophin serum levels and weight in participants (P = 0.001), but in the athletes without supplementation, these changes were not significant (P > 0.05).
ConclusionsThe results indicated that betatrophin serum levels in endurance athletes are increased by propolis supplementation, and their weight is decreased.
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Page 5Background
Monitoring exercise intensity accurately is a constant concern for athletes and researchers.
ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to compare the effects of controlling high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with heart rate (HTHR) and speed/time (HTST) on some fatigue-related variables.
MethodsTwenty young male athletes (age 22.75 ± 2.5 years, weight 76.6 ± 8.8 kg, height 179.7 ± 6.5 cm) were randomly allocated to one of the two arms. Then two-time acute running was performed with intensity control based on heart rates (HR) and speed/time for 40 min on the treadmill with a one-week washout. In order to measure vVo2max, a VIFT test (30 - 15 intermittent fitness test) was taken. Serum levels of glucose, lactate, glycerol, pyruvate, and creatine kinase were measured before and at the end of each exercise. The normality of data was determined by the Shapiro-Wilk test. The t-test and univariate test were used to analyze within- and inter-group changes between the two types of HIIT, respectively.
ResultsThe speed decreases at the identical intensity HTHR over time. The average speed in HTST was significantly higher (P < 0.05), but the maximum and minimum speed in HTHR was significantly higher and lower, respectively. The average distance covered by subjects in HTST was significantly higher (P < 0.05). The post-exercise blood fatigue indexes (i.e., pH, creatine kinase, lactate, glycerol, lactate/pyruvate, and glucose) in HTHR was significantly less compared to those in HTST. Heart rate increases at the identical intensity based on vVIFT in HTST gradually.
ConclusionsIn general, HTHR can exert the recovery and relative intensity between subjects more accurately. In fact, training based on HR, in contrast to speed/time, decreases internal load differences and increases external load differences between individuals.
Keywords: Load, Speed, Fatigue, Heart Rate, Recovery, Performance -
Page 6Background
Knee proprioception and neuromuscular control may be important factors contributing to re-injury occurrences.
ObjectivesTo examine lower extremity muscular performance and knee proprioception preoperatively and 3 months after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.
MethodsTwelve participants underwent ACL reconstruction using the hamstring tendon. All participants were assessed for knee proprioceptive sense using an isokinetic dynamometer at 15° and 60° of knee flexion. Lower extremity muscular performance was examined using the single-leg squat test (SLS) with two-dimensional motion analysis in frontal and sagittal planes.
ResultsMean absolute error angle at a 15-degree-target angle was significantly lower at three months after ACL reconstruction compared with the preoperative state (P = 0.04). Maximal knee flexion angle of the injured The SLS test showed a lesser knee flexion angle of the injured knee at three months after ACL reconstruction (P = 0.01), and injured knee proprioception at 60 degree-flexion did not significantly improve at the three month-postoperative stage.
ConclusionsAt three months after ACL reconstruction by hamstring graft tendon, knee proprioceptive sense at an inner range of knee extension improved. However, proprioception at the middle range did not significantly develop. The range of hip and knee motions using SLS related to strength changes that the knee extensor needs to improve, especially in the middle range.
Keywords: ACL Injury, Isokinetic, Single Leg Squat, Two-Dimension Analysis