فصلنامه جغرافیا و پایداری محیط
پیاپی 45 (زمستان 1401)

Destination security and tourist satisfaction are important variables to identify the performance of tourist destinations, and discover the relationship between these two factors is necessary to achieve sustainable tourism development. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of security dimensions on the satisfaction of foreign tourists in Shiraz. The present study is applied in terms of purpose, practical and according to nature and method; it is descriptive. The required information was collected based on the documentary and field (questionnaire) method. The statistical population of the study is foreign tourists visiting the city of Shiraz in 2019. The sample size was estimated to be equal to 200 tourists according to the Cochran’s formula and a simple random method was used to distribute the questionnaire. Collected data based on descriptive and inferential statistics methods have been analyzed. Findings showed that political security with a coefficient of 0.65, social security with a coefficient of 0.33, cultural security with a coefficient of 0.38 and economic security with a coefficient of 0.20 have a positive and direct effect on the satisfaction of foreign tourists in Shiraz. Also, political security with a coefficient of 0.34, social security with a coefficient of 0.28, cultural security with a coefficient of 0.21 and economic security with a coefficient of 0.28 have an indirect effect on the mediating role of length of stay on the satisfaction of foreign tourists in Shiraz. The general effect of security components on the satisfaction of foreign tourists in Shiraz is such that the most effect is political security with a coefficient of 0.99 and then social security with a coefficient of 0.61, cultural security with a coefficient of 0.59 and the least effect has economic security with a coefficient of 0.48.

Urban livability deals with all aspects and dimensions of urban settlements that seek to create a healthier and more livable urban environment for current and future generations. In line with the importance of livability for cities, in the present study, we have analyzed and evaluated the livability of urban areas within the municipality of Esfarayen. The present study is descriptive-analytical in purpose and applied in research results. First, using the Delphi technique, the dimensions and components affecting urban livability were identified according to the metropolitan area of ​​Esfarayen. Then, after ranking these dimensions, the situation of Esfarayen urban neighborhoods in terms of livability was examined using the ANP method. Finally, the livability of this city in terms of physical, economic, social, and environmental dimensions with a favorable situation was studied and compared. Findings showed that among the most critical factors affecting urban livability in Esfarayen city include components of adequate housing dimensions and identity and sense of place, income level, education and quality, quality of sidewalks and public spaces, access to centers Commercial and service, access to medical centers, parks, and green spaces. The research findings also indicate that the most livable urban areas of Esfarayen include neighborhoods 20, 16, and 14, with the highest livability. The results of the study showed that although the city of Esfarayen is in a favorable condition in terms of environmental viability, which is due to the excellent climate, open and green urban spaces, and beautiful landscapes of the city, In terms of physical and economic dimensions, it is in a moderately downward position.

Water streams branching from Zayandehrood in Isfahan, called Madi, are unique features of this city. Madi play a vital role in climate, agriculture, groundwater recharge, and urban flood control in Isfahan. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the madi problems of areas 1 and 3 of Isfahan in order to increase their resilience to urban floods. In this research, using the method of survey and field surveys, the madi path of Isfahan city in the central areas of the city (regions 1 and 3) was investigated and the problems that arose for the madi in different places using the positioning device. Satellite finder and receipt-recording were recorded, then problems were identified and categorized and necessary management solutions were provided to solve problems. The results showed that the length of the madi network of region one is 10921 meters (10.9 km) and the madi of Niasaram spring with 3624 meters is the longest madi of this region. Zone 3, despite having a larger area than Zone One, has less material network than Zone One. Studies on the madi problems of these two areas showed that the madi of region one have 33 types of problems, the most important of which are bed slope correction and cleaning. There are 18 problems in area three, the most important of which is dredging and cleaning. For this purpose, solutions appropriate to the problems of each madi should be considered. Organizing the green space around the madi and proper use of urban furniture and creating a space in order to benefit and use as many residents as possible around the madi is one of the most important management strategies to maintain and organize the material network in these two areas.

Today, land use change has become a very important challenge in many countries and land use has changed along with the rapid urban growth and under the influence of the urbanization process and need of citizens for diverse uses, and process of these changes is a process that leads to create a proper understanding of the interaction between humans and the natural environment, and this issue is more important in sensitive urban areas. The aim of the present study is to investigate the factors affecting urban land use changes in Ahvaz metropolis. The current research is a descriptive-analytical investigation. The sample size is estimated to be 200 people based on Sample Power software. In order to break down and analyze the questionnaires, different statistical softwares such as SPSS 27, Amos 24, statistical methods of structural equation modeling, and one-sample T-test have been used. The results along with the conceptual model of the test show that a strong and significant relationship has been observed between four political-legal, physical, socio-demographic, and economic factors with land use change (p<0.05) and the fit indices. The model also shows the appropriateness of the data with the conceptual model and as a result the model is approved. Also, the T-Tech test of a sample checking the averages show that the highest average and as a result the greatest impact on land use change was related to the economic factor, the physical factor, the social-demographic factor, and the political-legal factor respectively. Based on the results, the influence of economic and physical factors can be considered high, and socio-demographic and political-legal factors have a moderate effect on the change of urban land use.

Method of the article is within the framework of library studies, also the BWM weighting method and the MABAC prioritization model were employed to analyze the criteria and approaches governing the parts in question. The results indicated that the planning performance in the areas under investigation was at a low level and the performance level of the sub-divisions of Delfan city was mostly explicated based on the compatibility approach. So that among the approaches and criteria influencing the planning of parts under study, based on the opinion of 22 experts of the city, the compatibility approach with a weight of 0.421 had the most weight in the performance of the parts of Delfan city. This means that in the subset of subjective and objective elements based on the compatibility approach and compatibility criteria, the following items have most importance in the planning performance of rural spaces in the parts under study including: distance from highways; distance from the main roads; distance from medical and hospital facilities; distance from military and law enforcement centers; proximity to cultural facilities; proximity to sports facilities; effectiveness, economic efficiency and flexibility of location; harmonization with cultural norms and social values; the capacity to job creation and income increase; the degree of adaptation to climate change; the degree of compatibility with the thinking of decision makers and policy makers; accessibility to resource distribution; the level of access to the quality of land, water, and raw materials; the level of infrastructure quality; compatibility with the composition, arrangement, layout and shape of villages. Finally, with the integrated model, the central part compared with other parts of Delfan city enjoyed the greatest planning performance.

Rivers face many morphological and ecological changes over time, and these changes are important in environmental and development planning. The Taleghan River in Alborz Province is one of the rivers associated with many morphological and ecological changes in recent years, and for this reason, this issue has been addressed in this study. The data used in the research included library information, information obtained from Google Earth images, information obtained from field visits, as well as the 12.5 SRTM digital elevation model. Research tools also included ArcGIS and Google Earth software, as well as RQI (description and assessment of environmental conditions in riverine areas) and MQI (morphological quality index) models. This research has been carried out in two general stages. In the first stage, the environmental conditions of the studied periods have been evaluated using the RQI method, and in the second stage, the river dynamics of the periods has been investigated using the MQI model. The results obtained from RQI method have shown that intervals 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 with 46, 67, 69, 64, 44 and 43 points, respectively, have a poor status and intervals 7 and 8 They also have an average position with 74 and 76 points, respectively. Also, the results of the evaluation of the dynamic condition of the river have shown that intervals 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 with coefficients of 0.188, 0.156, 0.156, 0.117 and 0.242, respectively. Very poor morphological dynamics, interval 6 with a coefficient of 0.453 in terms of MQI index has a weak dynamic state and also intervals 7 and 8 with a coefficient of 0.477, have the highest coefficient and in terms of geomorphological dynamics have more dynamics than the other intervals.

Food has become both a central issue in development and a vision for integrating and addressing a wide range of contemporary global challenges, attracting high-level attention in international policy debates among global, national, and local actors. Also, food is a political issue that raises debates about how to form and change food systems and the nature of power relations between different actors. Meanwhile, the policies of the government, as the strongest actor in food systems, have an irreplaceable effect on achieving sustainable food security and realizing the right to food for urban and rural residents. In terms of methodology, the current research is among the qualitative researches, carried out with the method of content analysis of the development programs of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with an emphasis on sustainable urban food security. The themes were structured using MAXQDA 2020 software. Themes related to food security are categorized in the form of four indicators of availability, accessibility, benefit, and stability. The results show that the approach of development programs to food security is still rural-based, and cities are more prominent as consumers of rural products, and the planning of sustainable food systems in the context of these programs has not been seriously pursued. Therefore, realizing food security as an output of sustainable food systems and realizing the right to food of urban residents is facing a problem. In this regard, the approach of development programs should be based on the integration of food policies and the sustainability of production and a coordinated approach to food challenges. It is suggested that in the process of establishing development laws, the integration of sustainable food policies and the role of urban planners in urban food policy should be on the agenda.