فصلنامه چشم انداز مدیریت دولتی
پیاپی 50 (تابستان 1401)

 Investigating the role of the board of trustees in providing financial resources for universities

Design/Methodology/Approach: 

The present study was applied in terms of purpose, qualitative in terms of data type and content analysis in terms of research method. In this research, two qualitative strategies including "content analysis" and “qualitative comparative studies” have been used. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview. Participants in this study included 15 experts in the field of higher education who were selected by purposive sampling. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview. The validation of the data was done by the participants using the verification method. The study also examined the rules and regulations of higher education in the field of the Board of Trustees and its relationship with financial issues. Data were analyzed using MAXQDA2018 software.

 According to the data obtained from the interviews, the summarized data includes four categories: monitoring the university's financial resources, guiding the university, strengthening the university's relationship with society and industry, streamlining the rules and regulations, and 10 components. According to the data obtained from the review of the rules, the summarized data includes 3 selective categories: approval and monitoring of budget implementation, revenue generation and expenditures, payments, and 7 core categories.

 Limitations & Consequences: 

One of the limitations of this research is lack of access to experts.

 Practical Consequences: 

The most important practical consequence of this research is to provide a way to diversify the financial resources of universities.

 Innovation or value of the Article: 

Not much research has been done on the role of the board of trustees. The main initiative in this research is to give suggestions based on existing laws.

 Organizational silence is a common phenomenon in organizations and an existing and tangible reality for managers and employees. One of the most important obstacles to the success of an organization's plans and goals is the lack of information, trust, and lack of what researchers call organizational silence, which is the refusal to express ideas, opinions, and information about organizational problems. On the other hand, by putting psychological pressure on the target person, mobbing intends to remove the identity of employees by using regular and continuous pressures. As a result of mobbing, employees lose their sense of belonging to the organization. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of mobbing on the dimensions of organizational silence.

Design/ methodology/ approach: 

  This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method. Conceptual model testing was performed by structural equation method and Spss and Amos softwares were used. The statistical population of the present study is the employees of governmental offices in Yazd. Also, the standard questionnaire of organizational silence of Dine et al. And the standard questionnaire of Mobbing Weinhart and Andriukatin were used. 171 questionnaires were analyzed.

Research Findings :

The findings of this study are that mobbing has a positive and significant effect on obedient silence and also that mobbing has a positive and significant effect on defensive silence but mobbing has no significant effect on altruistic silence.

Limitations & Consequences:  

Lack of similar research and lack of objective indicators for comparison within the country were the most important limitations.

Practical Consequences: 

 The occurrence of stress on employees in the organization is affected by various factors. These factors must be identified and considered to prevent the occurrence of silent behavior.

Innovation or value of the Article:

  Providing a model to show the effect of mobbing on employee’s organizational silence.

The purpose of this study is to highlight the concept of organizational deviant behavior by reviewing previous studies and understanding the dynamics of these behaviors. It also wants to provide a comprehensive picture of this trend and provide a valuable insight into the status and aspects of research on deviant behaviors in Iran and help to guide future research to cover existing research gaps in this field.

By Meta-Synthesis approach, a combination of the findings of the quantitative and the qualitative studies was used to design the final pattern.Accordingly,90 studies in the field of organizational deviant behaviors, related to the objectives of the present study were reviewed using the seven-stage model of Sandelowski and Barroso(2007).By content analysis of these articles, and summarizing, combining and interpreting their findings, the relevant dimensions and codes were extracted to provide a comprehensive, new and original picture of organizational deviant behaviors by developing a new model based on antecedents.

By the pattern of deviant behaviors 279indicators in the framework of 26 themes and 4 main dimensions were identified. The proposed model has the main dimensions of individual, organizational, Environmental factors, and the central phenomenon. In this research, Organizational factors with15 themes and157 indicators have the greatest extent.

Limitations:

 Deviant behaviors are conceptually broad. Some articles are relevant in terms of Main text and irrelevant in terms of title and keywords. Therefore, not all articles may be reviewed.

Practical Consequences: 

Introducing the antecedents of deviant behaviors in Iranian Organizations.

Innovation: 

Organizational deviant behaviors have been studied in most studies in the form of Robinson and Bennett classification. The present study examines these behaviors with a close look and provides a new classification of these behaviors and a comprehensive model of its antecedents in the country.Paper Type: Research Article

 The present study aimed to identify the antecedents and consequences of smart governance using the fuzzy Delphi method.

Design/Methodology/Approach: 

The present study is a mixed-method one that was conducted using a deductive-inductive approach. It is also an applied study in terms of its objective and a descriptive survey study in terms of the design and methodology. The research population included all experts in the field of governance. Accordingly, 26 experts were selected based on the principle of theoretical adequacy and using purposive sampling. In the qualitative part of the study, semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data. In addition, in the quantitative part, a pairwise comparison questionnaire was used to collect data. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed via content validity and test-retest method. In the qualitative part, the data collected from the interviews were analyzed using ATLAS.ti software and the indexing method. Besides, in the quantitative part of the study, the antecedents and consequences of smart governance were ranked using the fuzzy Delphi method.

 A comparison of the precedents of smart governance showed that smart infrastructure, smart interaction, e-government and e-governance, rule of law, smart people and organization, smart management, information-based smartening, knowledge society, smart security, creating agility, openness, decision-making, public guidance, rationalism, creativity, and re-engineering of processes were ranked as the most important factors, respectively. It was also shown that efficiency and effectiveness, sustainable development, cost reduction, reducing corruption, increasing transparency, inclusive justice and ethics, protection of civil rights, building e-democracy, cooperation and data exchange, comprehensive information systems and information sharing, revision of rules, instant/immediate response to challenges, achieving unity, and improving quality of life were the most important consequences of smart government, respectively. The insights from this study can contribute to establishing smart governance.

Limitations & Consequences:

 This study was conducted with some shortcomings including the difficulty in accessing the experts, and lack of similar studies in the literature, and limited research on the concept of smart governance.

Practical Consequences:

 The findings of this study can contribute to developing a model of smart governance and implementing it in Iran.

Innovation or value of the Article:

 Since the present article deals with the concept of smart governance and identifies and ranks its precedents and consequences, it helps to understand this concept more deeply and provides ideas for its implementation in the country.

 To analyze the discourses about the succession planning in a governmental organization.

Design/ Methodology/ Approach:

 The present study has been qualitative in terms of approach; The sampling method was purposeful and the data collection method was mainly a semi-structured interview with 13 managers of the studied organization. Data analysis has been done by critical discourse analysis method using the Fairclough's Model in three stages of description, interpretation and explanation.

 The most important findings of the description section were the extraction of (416) positive codes and (222) negative codes, which were defined after classifying (68) positive focal words and (53) negative focal words. In the interpretation phase, it was found that the type of attitude towards appointments and key jobs is the source of succession planning or succession phobia, which includes two main discourses of strategic and political approach to appointments and key jobs. In the explanation stage, it was found that at a higher level, issues related to the political, economic, cultural, legal and administrative system overshadowed the lack of succession and in the current situation (non-succession), the dominance of the political system over other social systems and related processes (political attitude) is the factor that can most of all change the subject of appointments and succession planning in the studied organization and governmental organizations.

Limitations & Consequences:

 Difference in background knowledge of individuals in discourse analysis and its effect on the reliability of results.

Practical implications: 

The results of the present study, help to identify obstacles of succession planning in studied organization and similar government organizations.

Innovation or Value of the Study:

 Using the method of critical discourse analysis to identify issues related to the subject of succession planning.

 The study tries to identify alternatives for the productivity promotion by examining the key factors of the organizational productivity processes in the predictors andhe consequences of implementing the capital management policy.

Design / Methodology / Approach:

 This research is mixed and applied one. The statistical population of the study, in the qualitative section is 14 scientific and executive experts to conduct interviews; in qualitative research 270 people out of the total statistical population 909 ones based on Cochran's formula for validating qualitative findings were randomly selected and questionnaires among the sample size were distributed. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS26 and using the test method confirmatory factor were analyzed by LISREL8. 8 and the factor loads variables were confirmed and then were ranked by the Friedman test.

 Qualitative findings shows the existence of a gap in the implementation of human capital management policy that hinders the promotion of organizational productivity and categorize that in five concepts and quantitative findings shows the effect of these components on the organizational productivity, respectively; process-based with an average 3.58, technical with an average 3.37, contingency with an average 2.99, human-related with an average 2.76, systematic  with an average 2.30 and the final finding modifies that improving the above factors in the organization accelerate the processincreasing organizational productivity

Limitations and Consequences:

 To reduce the influence of the political and security atmosphere prevailing in the Ministry Interior which results conservative comments of the respondents, the scientific justifying of staffs was done.

Practical consequences: 

Revealing the lack of goal achievements and the formation of gaps in the Implementing part of the organization's human capital management policy is one practical consequence.

Initiative or value of the article: 

Sought to explain theeffectiveness of organizational productivity that create gap in the implementation of human capital management policy.

 The aim of the research is to develop a model for implementing the strategies of the General Administration of Sports and Youth of Golestan Province in the field of sports for the elderlies with a balanced scorecard method.

Design/ methodology/ approach:  

 Research is applied and descriptive and the data type is mixed. The conceptual model of the research is based on the Kaplan and Norton scorecard model. Statistical population in the quantitative section: The managers of the head department, the officials of the public sports board and university professors, which is over 44 people, and sampling was done by whole number method. In the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was used, the validity of which was approved by ten professors. Data were entered into SPSS software and Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Chi-square tests were used. In the qualitative part, the meetings of the Strategic Council were used.

  Findings showed that the General Department of Sports and Youth of Golestan Province in the field of sports for the elderlies has four perspectives: financial, customer, internal processes and growth and learning. Based on this, 28 strategic goals, 82 measures, 82 quantitative goals and 106 actions and initiatives were prepared and the strategic plan and its implementation model were designed.

Limitations & Consequences: 

 To set quantitative targets, researchers needed accurate information about the current state of the General Administration and the Board of Public Sports, but in some cases, due to the novelty of the measures, the correct information was not available.

Practical Consequences:

  The designed model will facilitate achieving the vision and the ability to implement strategies in senior sports.

Innovation or value of the Article:

  The value of the research is in providing a management solution for the implementation of sports development strategies for the elderlies that leads to their health.