journal of Social Behavior and Community Health
Volume:6 Issue: 2, Nov 2022

Domestic violence is a common problem in Indonesia, especially intimate partner violence (IPV). This study aims to analyze the predictors of attitudes of married men towards wife-beating (WB) for neglecting their children.

The research data comes from the 7th Demography and Health Survey collected by the U.S. Agency for International Development in 2017. The respondents were 10,009 married male respondents aged 15-54 and responded to question 618 (Do you agree WB by husband for neglecting their children?).

The results showed that of the ten independent variables identified as predictors of married men’s attitude towards WB for neglecting their children, only six independent variables had a significant relationship, including adultery, age, smoking habit, location of residence, education level, and polygamy. Of these six independent variables, two independent variables (level of education and age) had a negative relationship, and four variables had a positive relationship with dependent variable significantly, p <0.01, with respective contributions of 82% (adultery), 121% (smoking habit), 125% (location of residence), and 233% (polygamy). The final logistic regression model can explain dependent variable of 2.06% significantly, X2 (6) = 170.43, p <0.01.

This study suggests government institutions to make policy change in several sectors, such as education, social, information, tourism, health, economic, and regional development policy.

Physiological comfort refers to sensorial comfort including temperature, fit and fabric weight. Because pregnant and lactating women undergo various physiological changes, it is important to identify optimal comfort features regarding clothing. This will promote and increase breastfeeding duration. The purpose of this research is to compare physiological comfort of two types of clothing. They include designed clothing (DC) ,such as side flaps to access breasts and a strap which gets unhooked ), and conventional clothing(CC), like center front button closure, center front zipper, knitted V-neck shirt, and a t-shirt.

This was a quantitative research study conducted to examine perceived physiological comfort of clothing during lactation (IRB# 1-1056432-1). Data were collected from 217 lactating women who were on lactated related social media sites (e.g., BabyCenter blog). A validated and reliable survey was developed by interviewers. It was a series of questions including demographic ones and assessed seven physiological features.  Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, frequencies (number and percent), and, a sample t-test.  

 After comparing DC with CC, authors found that DC provided greater physiological comfort.  Statistically significant differences (p≤ .05) were found between garment coverage in reference to temperature (i.e. warmth) and satisfaction with the length of the garment.

The results have practical implications for a variety of professions including apparel designers and lactation health care providers. Currently, there is little to no research which investigated physiological comfort of outerwear clothing for lactating mothers.

This study investigated the effect of supportive supervision on improving the health activity index.

The present interventional study was conducted to investigate the control and headquarters level in the organization to increase and improve 8 health indicators. Ten experts from the headquarters stationed in Khomeini Shahr communicated with the personnel of 10 health centres. The population covered by health centres was 40,000 people. The health indicators of the centres were compared before and after 3 months of the supervisory intervention of staff experts from SIB system (Integrated health system). Paired t-test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were used to test the items and to check for normality of data distribution. SPSS19 was used for data analysis (P<0/001).

The results showed that all indices except health care activity had a significant increase. Indicators were: child care activity from 71.5 to 83.6%, activity of pregnant mothers from 65.1 to 77.29%, medical care coverage from 149.5 to 187.6%, death rate reports from 10.9 to 20.4%, mental health care from 7.9 to 11.1%, post-natal care from 75.0 to 84.9%, and the percentage of the covered population from 66.2 to 80.6%. Only the health care activity index did not improve significantly and increased from the average of 180.6 to 200.3%. We saw the lowest growth of the index in health care, which increased from 180.6 to 200.3%

Considering the significant impact of the intervention on the indicators, it is predicted that supportive monitoring training will improve the health quality of the country's health system.

The major concern of every school is the academic performance which is measured by examination results and it is the measurement of student achievement across various academic subjects. This study aims to assess the socio-demographic status as a predictor of academic performance among human kinetic and health education students of Olabisi Onabanjo University. Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State

This descriptive correlational design study was conducted on 350 selected students of Human Kinetics and Health Education Department. A self-structured questionnaire of SDQ and APQ were administered. The reliability results were .0.72 and .74. The data were analyzed using multiple regression.

The descriptive result showed that 67.3% of the respondents were male (N=228) and 49.9% aged 15 - 19 years (N=169). The independent variables had significant joint contribution on academic performance (F 6, 332) = 13.268:p < 0.05 R=.440a and a multiple R².193, Adj R² =.179) and relative contribution on the dependent variable. School location has the highest contribution (β=.256, p<.05) followed by dating (β= .225, p<.05), age (β=-.217, p<.05) educational materials (t = -2.583 (β= -.181, p<.05), school discipline (β=-.171, p<.05), respectively, while gender (β=-.084, p<.05) was not significant.

The findings revealed that was a joint contribution of socio-demographic status on academic performance of students of Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago Iwoye. It was recommended that university authority or government should provide good accommodations in or around school area. Lecturers in Human Kinetics and Health Education should adopt teaching methods that enhance learning effectiveness for all students irrespective of age and gender.

Adherence to COVID-19 protocols is a serious issue in Nigeria and this has been worrisome to public health practitioners, including health educators. Obeying precautionary measures has been a great challenge especially among market men and women, including their customers, which appears to be due to several variables. This study examined the impact of socioeconomic status, including income level, level of education, religious affiliation, gender, family structure, cultural background, and age group of market men and women on adherence to COVID-19 protocols in Ogun State, Nigeria.

The study adopted descriptive survey research design where structured and validated questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection. Multi-stage sampling procedure was employed to select the sample for the study from the old Ijebu and Egba components of the State, including Ita-Osu new market in Ijebu-Ode and Oba Lipede Market in Abeokuta were purposively selected for the study. In each of the market, n=250 market men and women were randomly selected using simple random sampling technique to make a total sample of n=500, out of this, n=481 questionnaires were retrieved to make a total of 96.0% rate of return.

The results revealed that socioeconomic factors, including gender, income level, type of business, and family structure significantly predicted adherence to COVID-19 protocols at P< 0.05.

It was concluded that market men and women in Ogun State do not significantly adhere to COVID-19 protocols, and the identified socioeconomic factors significantly predicted adherence to the protocols. Recommendation was made to involve health educators at all levels to disseminate health information to promote improved health literacy and carry out interventions considering the aforementioned socioeconomic variables towards improving adherence to the protocols.

Studies in many regions of the world indicate that women bear the burden of infertility. Infertile couples are expected to be involved in various psychological and social problems. Social support may lessen the psychological pain of infertility in women. Also, violence and inequality against women are raised in such families. This research aims to survey domestic violence in women based on social support and marital satisfaction in infertile women in Tehran.

In this study in 2018, authorities randomly selected 130 infertile women for an interview in Avicenna infertility center in Tehran. After obtaining informed consent, participants completed a questionnaire. It included domestic violence against women, social support (MSPSS) and marital satisfaction (Enrich 47) questionnaires. Data and statistical analysis of the research hypotheses was performed using SPSS v22. Moreover, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Watson's camera statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, multivariate correlation coefficient and simultaneous multivariate regression analysis were used. The significance level was considered less than 0.05 and the confidence interval (CI) was 95%.

In this study, the mean age of women was 31.63 (47-23) and the mean duration of the marriage was 0.50 (2-20). Two variables of social support and marital satisfaction predicted the domestic violence against women to be 0.388 (38.8%). Marital satisfaction had a significant effect on domestic violence against infertile women (p=0.001). The higher the marital satisfaction (T= -8.997, p= 0.001), the less would be the domestic violence against infertile women.

Findings showed that in infertile women, domestic violence is predictable with perceived social support and marital satisfaction.

Internet use has become pervasive in the society and has facilitated unrestricted access to sexual images and videos. Studies have discussed the social and psychological issues associated with this behaviour, especially among youths. However, there is paucity of studies on the prevalence of internet pornography viewing in Nigeria, the socio-demographic determinants of the behaviour, and its psycho-social effects on Nigerian youths. This study examined pornography viewing, socio-demographic determinants of the behaviour, and mental health of viewers.

The study adopted a cross-sectional descriptive survey design and a multistage sampling technique. The study was conducted among undergraduate students of two tertiary institutions in Ogun State Nigeria. Three hundred and fifty (350) copies of questionnaires were administered. Data were collected on internet utilization, prevalence of pornography viewing, and mental health of viewers. Data were analysed through descriptive statistics for categorical data and chi-square test of independence. Basic ethical principles were adhered to.

The prevalence rate of internet pornography viewing was 82.93%. There were significant relationships between gender, marital status and pornography viewing (p<0.05) as pornography viewing was higher among males (80%) than females (32%) and higher among engaged (68%), single (65%) than married (18.5%). Majority of the respondents (60%) complained about their mental health.

Internet pornography utilization is endemic among youths in Ogun state Nigeria as both males and females patronize internet pornography sites. Pornography viewing also has mental health implication on youths in Ogun State Nigeria. The findings of this study suggest the need for public sensitization among youths about the risks associated pornography viewing.

Acquiring knowledge and information about successful policies and localizing them for Iran can lead to disease control. Therefore, the present study aims to review the managerial performance of the selected countries against COVID-19 virus in order to provide a model, based on the experience of the countries in decision/policy making and performing appropriate strategies for their healthcare systems.

The present study was a cross-sectional comparative study in the field of COVID-19 disease in the selected countries. The countries performance data were gathered from documents published in databases like WHO, CDC, WORLDOMETER, Science Direct, PubMed, NCBI, OURWORLDINDATA, DOL, IMF, website of the Ministry of Health, Medical Education, website of Iran Statistics as reliable informative sources.

Responses of  the selected countries healthcare systems to present the managerial model for COVID-19 in Iran, involving perspectives of experts were categorized and registered in 6 areas and 78 fields, including a) governance and leadership (14 fields), b) economic (13 fields), c) demographic (17 fields), D) technology (10 fields), e) transnational (7 fields), and f) healthcare services (17 fields).

Efficient management of some countries has proven that geographical boundaries and population density are less important than the determined and proper decisions.

Manpower is one of the most important resources for an organization to achieve its gsoals. Therefore, organizations are looking for appropriate plans to attract and retain efficient human resources. This study investigated the effect of the organizational culture of the accounting staff of executive bodies of Yazd province on job performance with the mediating role of emotional intelligence.

This study used a correlational design with path analysis. Standard questionnaires by Queen, Scatter, and Schering were used (organizational culture, job performance, and emotional intelligence). To do so, 173 questionnaires were analyzed using the convenience sampling method. In data analysis, structural equation modeling, AMOS, and SPSS were used.

The results showed that organizational culture as an independent variable has a direct and significant effect on emotional intelligence as a dependent variable with a coefficient of 0.66 (P=0.000). Emotional intelligence as an independent variable has a direct effect on job performance as a dependent variable with a coefficient of 0.19 (P=0.000). Also, organizational culture as an independent variable exerts a direct effect on job performance as a dependent variable with a coefficient of 0.68 (P=0.001); indirectly, emotional intelligence is considered as a mediator with a coefficient of 0.129 (P=0.000) with a total effect of 0.81.

Considering the positive and significant effect of organizational culture and emotional intelligence on the job performance of accounting staff and also the positive and significant effect of organizational culture on emotional intelligence, the training of all indicators of emotional intelligence is recommended to develop and increase the personal and professional abilities of individuals. Also, it is very important to study each of the indicators of organizational culture in the executive apparatus to maintain and strengthen the useful and effective factors in it and to change and correct undesirable values.

Infertility and its treatment cause psychological effects, such as confusion, frustration, depression, anxiety, hopelessness, and worthlessness in life. Mindfulness reduces negative emotions and increases people's adjustment when faced with stressful life tasks. Therefore, this study aims to predict marital adjustment based on mindfulness in infertile couples.

The present descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 122 infertile couples referred to Mother and Child Hospital in Shiraz selected by convenience sampling method in summer of 2013. After obtaining consent form, demographic questionnaire, dyadic adjustment scale (DAS), and five facet mindfulness questionnaire (FFMQ) were used to collect data. The data were analyzed by SPSS 23 using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis (P=0.05).

Seventy-four couples had been married for less than five years and 48 couples had been married for more than five years with a mean age of 32±5 years. The results indicated that all mindfulness components except non-judgmental inner experience predict marital adjustment (P<0.05).

The results indicate that mindfulness technique is very effective and has positive influence on improving marital adjustment between infertile couples. Massive mental health education is recommended to educate the infertile couples and governmental and non-governmental agencies are required to help this group of people for effective prevention, treatment, and control of this problem. This treatment can affect marital adjustment in both groups of men and women.