پژوهشنامه خراسان بزرگ
پیاپی 49 (زمستان 1401)

Economic sociologists believe that socio-cultural conditions, structures, and relationships have a direct impact on economic behaviors and actions, including the purchase and consumption of goods. This hypothesis of economic sociologists is considered as the result of the wide and complex influence of cultural patterns, sociability, and the need for homogeneity with the dominant culture of society and the importance of judging and evaluating others in the lives of members of any society. The purpose of this research is to discover the lived experience of the families of Afghan students of Yazd University regarding their purchasing and consumption conditions in the new society (Yazd city (.The importance of the current research is that it will reveal our perspective in the direction of the engraving of economic actions in the patterns and social structure and will direct the attention of economic sociologists and economists for new researches. This research has been done with a qualitative method and the Grounded Theory has been used to analyze the data. Sampling of this study is purposeful and qualitative interviews with fifteen families have continued until theoretical saturation. Alternative methods have been used to gain trust and the data of this research have been inferred with three types of coding (open, axial and selective) in the form of (six) main categories in the following order: Compatibility of economic actions with social and economic conditions and structures, embeddedness of economic actions in social relationships embeddedness of economic actions in social bases, chain stores and manipulation of economic actions, following economic actions from the new style of life and following economic actions from the judgment of others and the phenomenon The focus of this research has been the embeddedness of economic actions on the patterns and structures of society.

The street and sidewalks attractiveness has a crucial role in reviving social life and maintaining the citizens security which is a platform of impressing social interactions in city, but unfortunately, they are not attended enough on their height with the lack of policies and community management. This research is aimed at achieving the main article purpose »improving the pedestrian ability with emphasis on social interactions in the Mashhad Koohsangi axis« With descriptive-analytical method, measurement and evaluation approach. It gathers information by library and field studies (Expert observations and distributing questionnaires among users and elites). Thus, the data obtained are interred in Super decision and Excel applications to respectively evaluate and analyze the sub-criteria, components and criteria. Finally, the last scores are gained by multiply and merge weights calculated into each other based on the two groups opinions and the pedestrian ability is evaluated in the mentioned axis. The findings indicate that the security component with a score 0.058 is the most important factor in the Mashhad Koohsangi axis presence of consumers and next, in order; permeability and accessibility, safety, vitality and dynamism, hiking equipment and facilities and readability and imaging Components with scores 0.048, 0.043, 0.039, 0.033 and 0.032 Are located in the following categories of the axis pedestrian ability. The study results also show the two security and safety elements along with the proper access issue have dedicated pedestrian foundation as an important platform in the citizen social interactions development in Mashhad urban streets, especially the Koohsangi.

In the historical sources of the Islamic period, the Dast-gardân region lies in the geographical area of Quhistan and north of Tabas Gilaki. Although the geographical names of many cities named Dast-gerd are mentioned, however, the word Dast-gardân as a special place name is unique to one of the parts of Tabas city. The word»dast(a)gird« is a Pahlavi word meaning "farmland" or "house with a fence". The study intends to study the geographical geography of the region as well as of the word » Dast-gardân«, the search for the name of the region. Due to the lack of research and non-scientific activities in this area, the importance of this research is expressed. The method used in this research is of a historical-analytical type. The findings of this study are based on field studies and library resource studies. The results of the research show that the security structure and the strategic conditions of the region as well as the root-meanings of the word »Dast-gardân«, with the security structures such as the castles, have caused the name to be named on the target area.

Although in recent years, with the spread of fashion, more areas of urban space have been allocated to related activities, but few studies have examined its spatial dimensions. Therefore, the present study seeks to examine the distribution of hairdressing salons as an aspect of fashion-related activities, especially in the 10th district of Mashhad, in the framework of the theory of "spatial diffusion". The study method is analytical and based on spatial analysis models such as density patterns and spatial autocorrelation models. In addition, the use of space-time cubes is a special feature of this study. Research variables include the spatial location of hairdressers, the date of establishment, as well as the demographic characteristics of women in the district (including absolute population, single women, divorced women, widows, employed women, unemployed women, and married women). The results showed that the population ratio of the region decreased from 57,000 in 1996 to 628 in 2019 in front of each hairdressing salons. it also illustrated the density pattern and models of spatial autocorrelation, the "expansion diffusion" and the intensity of the "cluster pattern" of hairdressers in the area. Use of space-time cubes; Showed the prevailing pattern of " Oscillating hot " hairdressers over time. Which indicates the establishment of hot spots on cold historical spots. Additional results in this regard indicate that the demographic characteristics of women are not related to the location of dense hairdressing centers in the region. This challenges the attention to the neighborhood factor in the use of hairdressers by residents. Therefore, the special proposal of this study is to pay attention to the physical and semantic effects affected by the prevalence of consumption patterns and pluralism as a result of the activity of such services and awareness of consumer behavioral characteristics in determining the functional radius of service uses.

Proper location of military checkpoints is one of the important issues in defense planning, which can increase the efficiency and effectiveness of these centers in times of crisis and military threats. Knowing the surroundings in the border areas can help in planning and establishing checkpoints in the border areas. Therefore, this study evaluates the role of geographical factors (human and natural) with emphasis on natural factors on the location of checkpoints in the border areas of Lotfabad, Nokhandan and extortionists; In order to achieve the purpose of the research, according to the study of articles and documents of the predecessors and with the approval of relevant experts in the field of geographical and military sciences from various data such as topography, geology, soil science, geomorphology, flood Rise, distance, distance from the border, distance from the fault and ASTER satellite images have been used to prepare slope and slope direction maps and climatic data such as glaciation, wind and rain due to lack of access to information. Comprehensive studies were omitted in this regard. In order to identify suitable areas for the establishment of checkpoints along the border between Iran and Turkmenistan, maps and information layers related to the above 11 geographical criteria were evaluated using the FAHP model in an integrated approach with the geographic information system. . Finally, using the fuzzy overlap model and AHP, the final map of the optimal location of border checkpoints was determined as part of the study area of ​​Khorasan Razavi, which was determined according to political divisions including Lotfabad, Nokhandan, and Bajgiran. The results showed that the appropriate locations are north (Nokhandan) and west (tax collectors). In general, as we move from west to east and from north to south, it is possible to find suitable locations for border checkpoints. It becomes less.

Distributive justice emphasizes the equitable allocation of resources among members of society. The way services and facilities are distributed ultimately affects citizens' satisfaction. From John Rawls' theory of distributive justice, no inequality is permissible unless it benefits the low-income class. The aim of this study is to investigate the level of satisfaction of citizens of District 6 of Mashhad Municipality with urban parks from the perspective of distributive justice. The method of data collection is documentary and survey. In the field stage, after designing a questionnaire in the form of seven indicators and 38 items, its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.735. Then, using Cochran's formula, 384 citizens of the district 6 of Mashhad Municipality were interviewed and the results were analyzed using SPSS software. The results show that the indicators of access, health, security, services and management have the lowest, and the indicators of furniture and quality of green space have the highest, the level of satisfaction of the citizens of the district. The majority of respondents are dissatisfied with the number and location of parks. From the point of view of Rawls' theory of distributive justice, the low satisfaction of citizens, which indicates the distribution, access and poor quality of parks, can also be interpreted as unfair, and the district 6 of Mashhad, as one of the deprived areas of the city, has less justice in this regard.