نشریه مدیریت بهره وری
پیاپی 63 (زمستان 1401)

The expansion and complexity of supply chain relationships and inevitable risks in the banking industry make it necessary to examine the resonance in the supply chain of banks. Various supply chain management approaches or strategies, including resilience, seek to increase the flexibility and develop the ability of the supply chain to respond quickly to changes in the customer demand. Bank managers can increase sustainability and profitability, and finally can maintain competitiveness in the banking industry, with an innovative action like designing resilience supply chain. The purpose of this research was to identify dimensions, components, and indicators of resilience and ultimately design a model for assessing resilience in the banking industry. The statistical population of the present research included the experts in the state banks in Tehran. 50 participants were selected using cluster and judgmental sampling. The designed model was investigated using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations modeling. The results of the research indicate that the proposed model is significant for building a resilient supply chain in the banking industry.

Today, moving away from the linear economy towards a circular economy has been considered by many countries and advanced companies in the world. Circular business models are among the tools that are very effective in implementing the principles of circular economics. In this study, a framework for evaluating circular business models is provided and a model for the Iranian steel industry is presented. To this end, based on Systematic Literature Review and meta-synthesis method, which is a type of meta-study methods, 562 English articles were collected and reviewed using Critical Appraisal Skills Program, and finally 28 articles were selected. The research findings showed that the evaluation framework of circular business models in the steel industry is based on reduce, reuse, regenerate, recycling and maintenance strategies. Also, in line with the mentioned strategies, the circular economy actions were localized using the fuzzy Delphi method. At the end of the research, it is recommended that managers, officials and those involved in the steel industry need to pay more attention to these strategies and actions within a circular business model for more profitability and for adhering to the principles of sustainability.

The present study aimed at opening up the black box on how high-performance work systems affect labor productivity by investigating the mediating role of social capital and knowledge exchange and combination. The statistical population consisted of managers and employees of professional services companies in Tehran metropolis in 2018. To collect the data, 800 standard questionnaires were distributed directly or via email among the sample who were recruited through random sampling, out of which 461 completed questionnaires (57.6%) were received. After confirming the validity and reliability of the collected data, the research hypotheses were analyzed using structural equation modeling using SPSS and SmartPLS2 softwares. The findings show that a high-performance work system has a positive effect on labor productivity. In addition, the mediating roles of social capital (with the impact intensity of 0.48) and knowledge exchange (with the impact intensity of 0.22) in the relationship between high performance work systems and labor productivity were confirmed. It can also be argued that social capital has a positive and significant effect on the development of the process capabilities of knowledge exchange and combination in the organizations studied.

The main purpose of this study was to design a model of human resource sustainability for family business. The study was conducted within the framework of a qualitative approach using the six-step content analysis method of Brown and Clark (2006). The statistical population of the study included the managers and founders of family businesses dating back more than 30 years in the provinces of Kermanshah, Kurdistan and West Azerbaijan in 1400. In this study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 managers and founders of this type of business, who were recruited using snowball sampling method with the aim of achieving theoretical data saturation. The model of human resource sustainability in family businesses was presented in the form of 1 comprehensive theme, 5 organizing themes and 23 basic themes. In order to determine the validity of the research, two methods of reviewing the participants and reviewing the non-participating experts (faculty members) were used. The findings showed that the organizational themes (strategic functions) related to the model of human resource sustainability for family businesses including maintaining family integrity, sustainable education based on family upbringing principles, family organizational culture, payment system and reward based on need family needs and work-life balance systems.

The present study sought to provide a pattern of the relationships among the challenges of implementing a circular economy in polluting industries. In terms of purpose, this research is considered as a component of applied developmental research and regarding research type, it is considered as a mix method (exploratory mix) one. Yazd glass industry was selected as one of the polluting industries in the country and ten experts in this industry who were purposefully selected, were polled. In the qualitative part of the research, the Meta-synthesis approach was used to identify the challenges and categorize them, and in the quantitative part, the Fuzzy DEMATEL-ANP method was used to present the pattern of relationships among these challenges and prioritize them. The qualitative findings included identifying 27 challenges in six dimensions: economic, cultural and social, managerial, organizational, infrastructure and technology, market and design. In quantitative terms, the findings showed that economic challenges are the most effective and market and design challenges are the most affected challenges in implementing a circular economy. Also, the organizational challenges were found to interact more with other challenges. In a more complete analysis, the challenges of market uncertainty (e.g., recession), the existence of a linear mindset in the managers, the lack of systematic and circular thinking, and the challenge of low customer demand for recycled products are the most important challenges in implementing a circular economy in polluting industries such as the glass industry. In addition, the impact and effectiveness of each of the challenges were identified in their relationship to each other, which can be a roadmap for the use of managers and experts of different organizations to implement a circular economy.

Today, the optimal way of managing cities is the application of the productivity management system as cities undergo physical expansion under the influence of management forces and processes. Controlling the growth and development of cities in terms of physical and population requires an organized efficient management that can organize all the effective factors and elements in the city administration in a favorable way to meet the needs of the citizens. Cities are considered as a source of development and productivity management has a very important and decisive role in the process of city development and the improvement of urban settlements. In this research, the components of the smart city and its relationship with productivity management in the metropolis of Tabriz have been investigated. The statistical population of the research included the municipality of ten districts of Tabriz and people living in the areas of Tabriz municipality in 1400. A total of 120 people (80 men and 40 women) were interviewed; the majority of the respondents were men (67 percent), and the data collection tool included a questionnaire. The findings of the research were based on AHP and TOPSIS analysis. The results revealed that regions 7, 5 and 10 are not in a good state in terms of smart productivity management and need reconsidering the productivity management system, the infrastructure of strategic management, as well as training human resources, service staff and operators for the establishment of electronic municipality in Tabriz municipality.

The present study aimed at presenting a model for the use of the Internet of Things in Iranian knowledge-based companies. In terms of exploration and data collection, this applied research is a qualitative and quantitative one. The main approach for achieving the model of using the Internet of Things is the grounded theory methodology which is based on a paradigmatic model. In the qualitative part, 25 executives and practitioners of knowledge-based companies who were somehow specialized and experienced in the Internet of Things were interviewed. They were selected through snowball method. For the quantitative part, all managers and technology experts working in knowledge-based companies were considered as the research population. Cochran's formula for finite communities was used to select the sample. After careful analysis of the interviews, 59 extracted concepts were identified in 5 main categories and 13 subcategories. It was found that management requirements, customer requirements, and resistance economics give rise to the Internet of Things in the knowledge-based companies.  The characteristics of the company, the human resources and the managers can provide a suitable ground for using the Internet of Things. Moreover, it was revealed that and the conditions in the country, international pressure and international cooperation can be among the intermediary factors influencing the use of the Internet of Things. Raw materials and infrastructure can also be effective for using the Internet of Things. Finally, using Internet of Things, customer-related factors, international collaborations, and expected results can be anticipated in knowledge-based companies.

The present study aimed at developing a conceptual model as well as categorizing blockchain driving factors in promoting entrepreneurship. The method of study was qualitative content analysis and the main tool of the data collection was semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed using directional and summary hybrid content analysis techniques. The identified factors include 140 open source codes that were categorized into 6 main categories which, using MAXQDA software, were classified and a conceptual model was drawn. Kappa method was used to evaluate the reliability and quality control of the present study. The kappa coefficient, calculated by SPSS software, was 0.950 which is highly acceptable. The results show that the six identified components, driving blockchain's promotion of entrepreneurship, include economic, technological, political, legal, social and environmental. Given that blockchain technology is not yet mature enough and is being developed, the current stage is a good opportunity for business units to be able to mitigate potential risks by employing appropriate strategies and taking advantage of potential opportunities and create a lasting competitive advantage for their business. The findings of this study are expected to be key metrics to assist managers and entrepreneurs in the field of entrepreneurship.

Today, the importance of paying attention to emerging digital industries in countries has led to a reduction in various issues and challenges such as employment and unemployment. In a dynamic environment of global competition, organizations are increasingly committed to entrepreneurial activities in order to survive and achieve success, and consider entrepreneurship as one of the development tools for the fledgling digital industry. The purpose of the current study was to present an organizational entrepreneurship model with a positive deviance approach in the fledgling digital industry. Using the qualitative method of content analysis and conducting semi-structured interviews with the experts in the field of organizational entrepreneurship, a model including effective factors (key influential variables, mediators and moderators), consequences and strategies to promote organizational entrepreneurship with a positive deviation approach in industry Start-up digital is provided. Based on the findings of a semi-structured interview with 15 academic experts and executives, 42 constructive themes were formed that can be categorized into 21 comprehensive themes under five factors: effective factors, mediating factors, moderating factors, consequences and strategies. The results showed that paying attention to organizational entrepreneurship and the factors affecting its formation within a positive deviation approach can lead to results such as innovation, growth and organizational improvement.

The aim of this study was to design an employer brand model in small and medium industries in Iran. To this end, using Sandlowski and Barroso’s (2007) seven-step method of combining, related categories (dimensions), concepts (components) and codes (indicators) were extracted. The statistical population included a collection of the related articles and studies in the field of employer branding and related concepts. The researchers considered various parameters such as title, abstract, content, and quality of research methodology and based on screening, review and selection from among 218 articles, 60 valid articles were obtained. In order to determine the validity of the meta-synthesis method, Glynn vital evaluation tool was used and to determine its reliability, the inter-rater reliability coefficient was used, which was found to be 0.83. The results revealed that three dimensions including (1) individual development values, (2) organizational values, and (3) social-economic values, play a significant role on the employer brand in small and medium industries of Iran. The results suggest that the proposed model is considered as the most suitable employer brand model in small and medium industries of Iran from cultural, organizational and structural perspectives.