نشریه مطالعات توسعه پایدار شهری و منطقه ای
سال سوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 9، پاییز 1401)

Islamshahr has been one of the main destinations of immigrants to Tehran in recent decades, these immigrants who migrated from villages and cities near and far to Islamshahr. In many cases, without any investigation or coordination or adaptation to the new environment, unauthorized construction has been carried out in urban areas and villages close to the city and informal settlements have been formed. Improper health conditions, lack of proper infrastructure, lack of urban services, high population density, low-income groups, the existence of informal jobs, and most importantly, the high level of anomalies and social harms are the set of characteristics and conditions that the residents of the informal settlements of Islamshahr are facing. The main goal of this research is to analyze the empowerment of informal settlements with an emphasis on the social capital approach in Islamshahr city.

In terms of purpose, this research is applied research, and in terms of methodology, it is classified as descriptive-analytical research. The population of the statistical community is 548,620 people and the sample size is equal to 384 people. In analyzing the data obtained from the questionnaire, descriptive statistics such as mean, median, frequency, frequency percentage, etc. will be used, and in order to prove the research hypotheses, inferential statistics methods such as Pearson's correlation coefficient, sample t-test, etc. will be used. The city of Islamshahr is located in the geographical position of 51 degrees and 14 minutes east longitude and 35 degrees and 33 minutes north latitude.

The results show that based on the average scores extracted from the questionnaires and the results of the sample T-Tech test, 33 studied indicators were placed in two levels (relative compliance, low compliance) in terms of compliance with the standard model, i.e. number three. The results showed that 12 indicators are at the level of relative compliance and 21 indicators are at the level of low compliance. Also, the results show that there is a significant relationship between the social capital variable and the empowerment of the informal settlement of Islamshahr. The direction of the relationship between social capital and empowerment is positive and significant, according to the correlation number (0.672), the intensity of the correlation is moderate.The results have shown that increasing social capital empowers the informal settlement of Islamshahr.

Rehabilitation of decayed urban fabrics is one of the solutions that have been aimed in order to improve the living conditions, especially the issue of safety, in these textures. Therefore, in this paper, following the investigation of the rehabilitation of the decayed urban fabrics with the approach of increasing the environmental safety of public spaces in Beryanak neighborhood is intended to achieve.

The method is descriptive and analytical-survey. The statistical population is the residents of Beryanak neighborhood located in region 10 of Tehran. The required data is collected through both library and field methods using books, articles, theses, documents, interviews, questionnaires and GIS. The scope of this research is the region 10 of Tehran, especially Beryanak neighborhood. Cochran's formula was used to determine the sample size which equals384, equivalent questionnaires were filled out among through random sampling approach. The collected data was analyzed using statistical tests in spss software; tests were included coefficients test, regression correlation and one-sample t-test.

Rehabilitation and renovating the decayed urban fabrics of the neighborhood will be pointed to improve the skeleton of buildings, quality of their construction materials, adjust the floors, which can lead to increasing the durability of buildings and safety especially in term of crisis management. Therefore, rehabilitation and renovating of problematic fabrics of the neighborhoods, especially in the Beryanak neighborhood, which has plenty of decayed area and caused the deterioration of the quality of life for its residents, can provide physical, economic and environmental prosperity in this neighborhood and increase the quality of  life and prosperity to its residents.

People always seek to provide security as one of their basic needs, also it has been considered as one of the important indicators of the quality of urban life from urban planners and managers point of view. Precisely, feeling of social security in urban spaces is one of the most important indicators of quality of life for citizens. With the increasing necessity of creating security in societies, the tools, methods and approaches to create and maintain it have undergone transformation. Therefore, urban management is one of the important aspects of urban planning, which is directly related to human societies, especially urban society, and creating social security; therefore, the aim of this research is to review the role and position of urban management in improving the social security of cities.

Methodology of this paper is library-analytical. First, definitions and theories have been collected through library studies. Second, for the data analysis, the review of the theoretical foundations and the research conducted in this field, the components of social security and the impact of the performance and role of urban management on each of them have been discussed.

Studies show that based on the coefficient of determination, 28% of the variance of the dependent variable is explained by the independent variable. Beta coefficient (BTA) also indicates a direct relationship between two independent and dependent variables. As a result, through the regression analysis of two variables, it can be concluded that the level of social security and crime prevention increases with the improvement of urban management performance..

Citizen Responsibility provides a platform for civic participation and through that, improving the social dimensions of urban development issues. Although citizen participation has been explored by many scientific researches, citizenship responsibility as the internal motivation of citizens to participate is still not well known. This research tries to discover the indicators related to the responsibility of citizens and examine them depending on the two old and new urban contexts.

This research chose a quantitative research method with a questionnaire in response to what variables have the greatest impact on the responsiveness of citizens and whether the residents of the old and new urban fabric show different levels of responsibility. Effective criteria were extracted based on theoretical studies and Delphi method by a number of university professors and completed in the form of a questionnaire including 24 questions among 300 people present in the old and new context of the city.

The findings show that the residents of the new context of Kazeroon show a significant difference in responsibility with 0.55 compared to the residents of the old context with 0.09 and variables such as the conscientiousness of citizens, their civic participation and the informativeness of the living environment have a significant effect. It will have an effect on the researched variable. As it is known, some of these variables are related to the environment and some are related to the psychological and personal characteristics of each citizen. Therefore, by modeling the different conditions of the new context, it is possible to provide the conditions for more responsibility of citizens in different urban contexts, at least physically.

Human experience takes place in different spaces of the city through different sensory channels. In the perception of a space, the more sensory organs are stimulated, the more the impact of the space and the understanding of the space will be more complete and deeper, and the extent of the resulting experiences can be examined with the concept of sensory richness. Sidewalks are one of the manifestations of vitality and urban life, and one of the ways to improve the quality of such spaces is to increase sensory richness in order to use all the senses of the audience. The purpose of this research is to measure the sensory richness and the effect of each sense in different parts of this pedestrian Bazar. What seems to be the case is that the markets, especially Jannat Bazaar, do not have the necessary potential to attract the audience and have lost their place among the people. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the sensory richness and the effectiveness of each sense in different parts of this market.

This research has been conducted in terms of applied purpose, in terms of mixed nature and descriptive-analytical method. In order to collect background information and theoretical foundations, the method of library studies was used, and in order to collect and analyze information in the field study, the method of sensory walking and taking sensory notes was used.

do In order to measure the sensory richness in each of the main points of Mashhad Jannat Bazaar, the stimulating factors and the level of involvement of each of the five senses were investigated. In order, the largest painted area is related to point number 6, 1, 4, 3, 5 and 2. At point number 1 (entrance plaza), the richness of the visual sense is high due to vegetation, visual proportions, sky line and colored paving stones. Also, the sense of touch is well stimulated at this point due to the texture of materials, plants and water. In point number 2 (coffee shop), the sense of smell with the highest score has the first priority and the main sensory stimulus is the smell of coffee from the coffee shop located in Jannat 2. In point number 3 (Khatam al-Anbia Mosque), two senses of hearing (due to hearing the unique sound of the call to prayer and other religious prayers on different occasions) and sight (due to the use of traditional materials such as bricks and tiles with various textures and colors), They have created the most sensory richness. At point number 4 (juice shop), the sense of smell and taste are stimulated (because of the smell and taste of juice, corn and sweets). In point number 5 (elements of passing through history), the sense of sight has a high priority due to the observation of celebrity introduction boards and vegetation. At point number 6 (Moustofi's historical house), the sense of sight (due to rereading the body of the historical identity of the region, vegetation, pond and waterway) creates the most sensory richness.

Every place has its own soul and characteristics, based on which it expresses its special character. In fact, Human beings need to understand the sense of place in order to have an intimate interaction and identification with the place where a person lives. Due to the fact that Valiasr square is one of the oldest and crowded squares of Tehran, it has a great importance among urban public spaces of the city. Therefore, in this paper, the redesign of the sidewalk of this square has been investigated in order to improve the sense of place between Valiasr Square and Fatemi Street.

The current research is practical in terms of its purpose and in terms of mixed methods, it is a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis methods. This research has been done using the library-document method. The statistical population is the citizens of region 10 of Tehran and sample size is 384 people who were randomly attained using the Cochran formula. Data analysis has been done with SPSS and tests such as correlation, regression, table of coefficients, etc.

The results of the research show that the design of the sidewalk in this area, as the results of the research have also shown, can provide the means to improve the sense of belonging to the place among its citizens, because the sidewalk, due to its nature as a space Public is influenced by the body and activity of its surrounding environment and is formed according to the needs of each place.

due to the rapid changes of cities, some of the urban tissues have not been able to communicate with their surroundings and provide services to the residents due to wear and tear. Today, the vulnerability of worn-out tissues to natural disasters is a global issue facing city managers. Due to the conditions and the situation of the worn-out fabric of Javadieh neighborhood located in the 16th district of Tehran and the lack of attention and handling of the conditions of resilience against natural hazards, it is in a state of disarray. This research evaluates the resilience of the worn-out fabric of Javadieh neighborhood against natural disasters with an emphasis on earthquakes.

The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of both documentary and survey methods. How and the degree of resilience of the worn-out tissue area of ​​Javadiyeh against earthquake with eight criteria including; The permeability of the neighborhood, the age of the building, the number of floors, the density of the building, the density of the population, access to open space, the quality of the building and the area of ​​the parts have been studied and analyzed.

The results of the analysis of the findings indicate that the resilience of the tissue Worn out against earthquakes, it is unsuitable. So, according to the building quality index and its importance against earthquakes, this index has the highest score and is equal to 0.256. The second priority is the permeability of the neighborhood, the score of this criterion in this research is equal to 0.248, and finally, the area of ​​plots (0.045) has the lowest score.

Urban furniture is one of the attractions and welfare facilities that are basically developed to serve the citizens, and the use of these facilities by tourists can help their continuation and provide reasons for the development of tourism in those cities. The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of urban furniture in choosing a tourist destination with the case study of Taleghan Township.

The research is of descriptive and analytical type and was done in library and field method. The statistical population is tourists entering the region and according to Cochran's formula,384 people were randomly selected. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire have been confirmed and statistical tests of T-Tech and SPSS software have been used to analyze the data.

The results of the research show that urban furniture and the provision of appropriate and high-quality urban services play a very important role in choosing a tourist destination and creating satisfaction among tourists entering tourist destination cities. In connection with Taleghan Township, this city can increase its attractiveness by reviewing the organization of urban furniture and targeting the placement of urban furniture in order to increase the attraction of tourists, and in order to create an attractive environment, it can improve its tourism status in the region.

A decade after the revolution, in order to organize the country's urban system, the construction of new cities around the mother cities and densely populated urban centers was put on the agenda of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development. But the expected results, i.e. systematization of urbanization and development of the country's urbanization, have not been achieved.

 This article was compiled with the aim of investigating the factors of failure of new cities in Iran. The target population of new cities in Iran and the sample population of the research are 50 geography professors specializing in urban planning. In this regard, 6 indicators have been used in 27 items.

 The results of the Delphi technique showed that the lack of land use plan with 3.94 as the most influential, followed by problems related to the employment structure and failure to achieve job self-sufficiency with 3.78, neglecting environmental-geographical studies with 32. 3/3 and the instability of urban planning policies and the continuous change of approaches in the field of housing and urban development with 2.92 are considered as other factors of the failure of new cities. Also, the results of Friedman's test also show that the technical-engineering and economic indicators are preferable to other indicators with an average of 5.58 and 5.12, respectively.The results of the factor analysis show that the lack of land survey plan and little attention to geographical studies; Failure to pay attention to the distance, problems related to the planning principles of new cities and the increase in the cost of urban services were recognized as the most important factors for the failure of new cities.

According to studies conducted in recent decades, changing the pattern of traditional to modern urban planning has been associated with challenges. In a study conducted in the city of Ardabil, the most important current challenges are irregular growth and development of the city, unbalanced and inharmonic, disruption and disorder in urban space, the disproportion of per capita, barren lands Abandoned in and around the city, the incompatibility of urban design with geographical conditions, the imposition of heavy urban transportation and traffic costs, as well as insufficient attention to infrastructure issues. The main purpose of this study is to analyze and investigate the contemporary urban planning pattern in Ardabil city and revive and recreate the traditional urban planning pattern in order to preserve the authentic Iranian texture in modern urban planning and also demonstrate of the consequences of neglecting the rich assets of Iranian urban development.

The nature of this research is descriptive-analytical with an applied approach, which has been carried out using library and field methods. The statistical population of the research is Ardabil city, the urban and population growth and development during the years 1976 to 2021 have been investigated. To monitor and investigate the horizontal growth of the city, Landsat satellite images were used and statistical analyses have been performed by a quartile distribution method.

According to the results obtained from this study, it is clear that the coherent and regular structure of the city has been defunct, and we are witnessing the horizontal growth of the city and the mismatch between urban area and population, and the uneven distribution of the population in the city. Also, based on investigations, the pattern of urban planning with a regular neighborhood structure with the natural and cultural environment is the most effective pattern for solving urban problems, and this model tends to local urban development. Revival of traditional patterns in modern urban planning can be fruitful and play a complementary role.

Various approaches have been presented to achieve urban balance and sustainability, one of these approaches is the ecologic city. The aim of this research is to clarify the need to pay attention to the creation of the urban ecological approach in Iran urban planning system in order to achieve sustainable development.

This research is practical in terms of purpose, and descriptive and analytical in terms of nature. The method of collecting data documents and content analysis.

The research results show that urban ecological approach in many regions of the world has been taken. In Iran, in many cities under the influence of global developments and the implementation of various urban plans, the economic factor has become the main determining factor, and the developments of the current century. In fact, the oil-based economy, excessive population density, the concentration of activities and the frequency of construction and Instruments have resulted in the physical growth and expansion of urban centers and the destruction of the natural ecosystem of the country's cities; Although measures have been taken in some cities of the country to achieve an ecological city, it cannot be claimed that the construction of an ecological city has been completed in Iranian cities; however the necessity and need for creating and planning an ecological city is arisen every day for the cities.