فصلنامه راهبرد فرهنگ
پیاپی 59 (پاییز 1401)

I formulate my research question as "Is the claim of naturalists justified that the discussion of the "possibility of meaningful life" is dependent on scientific achievements, especially modern physics?". In this regard, two concepts are distinguished from each other: one is "the meaning of the life of Humans (homo sapiens)" in the universe (in short, "the meaning of life") and the other is "meaning in the life of any specific human" (in short, "meaning in life"). Then, based on the two mentioned concepts, the two corresponding challenges, which the naturalists have raised for the purposefulness of the world and the meaning of human life, are described and investigated: the first issue is related to the findings and models of modern cosmology regarding the history and destiny of the universe, and the second issue is related to the determinism/indeterminism controversy in physics, especially quantum mechanics. In this article, the claim of naturalists to deny the possiility of meaning of life (the first concept) is examined and criticized in detail, then it is shown that, contrary to the claim of naturalists, the defense of the possibility of meaning in life (the second concept) in no way requires the indeterministic interpretation of quantum mechanics and its extension to the macroscopic world. While criticizing and rejecting negative approaches to the issue of meaning in life in the deterministic world, positive approaches in this regard are described and examined.

This article examines the formation, development and discoursal exchanges affecting Non-Profit School Law enacted in 1988. For carrying out a historical investigation into this event, Foucault's genealogy-based historiography has been used. The main objective of this method is the discovery of immanent order and attribution relationship at the level of predicates' analysis which has been used as the basis for practice and been able to confirm or reject a discourse.the activity of Islamic non-profit schools after the revolution had been a continuation of a process which was formed in 1940s as motivated by creating a healthy environment for education and boosting hopes for the possibilities of having a religious life and of the co-existence of religion and science. A concrete result of which was the organized and pervasive founding of Islamic schools. These schools had two different kinds of subjectivity for Shah's regime and the one after the revolution. Coincided with other trends, this course was brought back into focus from mid 1980s and thus led to the enactment of Non-Profit School Law in 1988. Islamic juridical and political differences among revolutionary forces, war and the resultant economic conditions, the issue of political Islam, the position of Imam Khomeini's meta-discourse and cultural changes of the society were some trends which occurred in the middle of this decade. As a result of their coincidence, the nationalization and planning discourse of education was replaced by governmental supervision and economic participation of people, which paved the way for the enactment of this law.

Creative media industries can be considered as one of the most influential categories of creative industries that can have tremendous effects on the mind and psyche of the audience; Therefore, the main issue of the present study is to identify and evaluate the capacities of these industries in the development of national production of the Islamic Republic of Iran; For this purpose, first 9 main actors enhancing national production and their duties were identified through library resources and interviews with 11 relevant experts; Then, the capacities of creative media industries in Iran were extracted from library resources and 10 interviews with experts through content analysis in 3 comprehensive themes, 12 organizing themes and 138 basic themes. Then, to evaluate the effect of these capacities on the development of national production, first the weight of each actor was determined through a pairwise comparison questionnaire and then the effect of each capacity on each actor in the form of a questionnaire based on the opinion of 16 experts and using TOPSIS technique. And the priority of each capacity was determined. Finally, it was found that the top 5 priorities of the capacities of creative media industries for the development of national production are: communication-interactive, modeling, monitoring, integration and propaganda-promotion, respectively, which if used can lead to the development of national production in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

This article explores and explain the principles of the promotion faculty members of universities and research centers in Iran, while also clarifying these regulations as a tool in policy-making in the higher education system, and has positioned it among various typologies of policy. the present study utilized qualitative research design. The study population consists of the upstream documents of the regulation and the faculty members and promotion audit boards of the universities of the country in 2016. among which all the documents are compiled in full (including 7 documents) and 19 members of the faculty and promotion audit boards have been selected through purposeful sampling. The data gathering tool included electronic note taking and semi-structured interviews. The content analysis of the research data shows11 principles consist of 38 categories. These principles are: recognizing the condition of universities and attention to reality, the principle of the priority of national interests and public interests on individual and collective interests, attention to the nature of scientific institutions, paying attention to the needs and priorities of science and technology of the country balancing and the principle of Diversity, creating a dynamic and continuous improvement, comprehensiveness and Having holistic thinking, non-gravity of activities, justice, meritocracy and excellence, and education along with teaching and research. These principles have their own specific implications for each stage of the codification, enforcement and evaluation of the faculty promotion regulation of universities and research centers in Iran.

The main purpose of this paper is to estimate the demand elasticity of cultural Products and to examine the consumption behavior of urban and rural households in this commodity group. For this purpose, the Dynamic Almost Ideal Demanding System (DAIDS) and the seemingly unrelated regression method for the period 1981-2017 were used. The results show that the homogeneity hypothesis for the group of cultural Products in urban households is not confirmed, In other words, urban consumers have a monetary illusion in their consumption of selected goods, That is, rather than considering real income and real prices in their consumption decisions, they consider nominal income and nominal prices. This assumption also applies to rural households. The price elasticity of cultural Products for urban and rural areas is inelastic, which means that these goods cannot be replaced and are essential. In addition, the results show that price changes of other groups have little effect on demand for cultural Products. In addition, the income elasticity of cultural Products for both urban and rural areas is greater than one, and so these are luxury goods; The results of estimating the elasticity of the subgroups of cultural Products also show that education is necessary for the urban areas, but for the rural areas, the elasticity of the commodity is unit. Income elasticity is positive for all groups in urban and rural areas, which is an increase in cultural costs if income is increased.

How people contribute to tax revenues is the result of a society's tax culture, in which important factors are involved. This research seeks to answer the questions of what factors affect the tax culture of the people and what are the strategies and strategies to promote this culture. In order to answer the first question, the documentary method has been used and among 140 research topics related to the subject, 48 titles have been carefully examined. As a result, the factors affecting tax culture in 4 categories of individual, social, organizational and legal factors have been extracted. اند. Studies show that the role that tax laws and organizations play in creating a tax culture is far greater than the role of individuals as individual agents. The second question was answered through interviews with experts, during which 13 experts in the field of communications and economic and tax experts were interviewed using semi-structured interviews, and strategies and strategies in the form of three categories of social strategies. Organizational and legal are provided. Employee financing, the use of specialized personnel, transparency and information on tax spending and the creation of a comprehensive tax system are among the organizational solutions. In the social sector, we can point to the strengthening of religious and moral values ​​and attention to the socialization of the new generation as a cultural strategy and the use of media as a propaganda strategy.

Interaction with the countries of the world has always been one of the concerns of Islamic Republic of Iran. The diplomacy system of the country has taken steps to protect the whole system from the one side and to benefit from the advantages of being in international squares on the other. Iranian politicians' perspectives in international affairs have overcome purely diplomatic relations. At the same time, the capacities that science and technology could have in this international relationship was clearly demonstrated in its nuclear talks. Today it is known that there are many abilities in science and technology for political development and vice versa, and can even be considered as an independent issue in international engagements with other countries. With the start of the eleventh government, from the very beginning of the negotiations, the way to engage with 5 + 1 or 3 + 3 is the most important issue that has been considered by various national politicians. The departure of the United States in 2018 marked the need for a deeper attention to this important issue, no matter how individual directions were made. This research has tried to present the implications of Quranic through the method of signification, the framework and strategies for interacting with different countries. The classification of the various countries based on its faith in the nine levels and in the three categories of the weak, suppressive, and superpower countries has shown the framework for the development of prosperity.