فصلنامه پژوهش های مهدوی
پیاپی 41 (تابستان 1401)

Fazl ibn Shazan (260  AH) wrote a book named “Ithbat _Alraja "which has been lost over time. This book probably had a theological subject and not a hadith one. Until the 11th century AH, There is no narration of this book -with its name specified- in hadith sources. In the 11th century, Sayyed Muhammad Mirlohi Sabzevari and Shaykh Hurr Amili (1104 AH) narrated many hadiths from this book. All the evidence, such as Shaykh Hurr’s explanation about his access to these hadiths, the date of his access, the order of the hadiths, and  the traits of Isnads in Shaykh Hurr’s manuscript, indicate that his source was derived from Kifayah_Almuhtadi, written by Mirlohi. therefore, Mirlohi was the only person who claimed to have access to Ithbat _Alraja. Some glitches in these hadiths, such as time inconsistency and linguistic mistakes indicate that they are fake. Their comparison with other sources shows  derivation and distortion. It is worth noting that there are many old sources that Mirlohi was the only one who claimed to have access to them.  The manifestation of Mirlohi's issues and conflicts in these hadiths shows that Mirlohi is responsible for falsifying of them and this work was done mostly with the purpose of protesting Mohammad Baqer Majlisi.

Having knowledge about Promised salvation (Hazrat Mahdi (pbuh)) and his place in the world is one of the teachings that form the main basis of human world view Divine unityand according to many rational and narrated reasons, it is absolute, vital and obligatory for all servants. One of the three important sources for knowing Imam Mahdi (pbuh) is the prayers and pilgrimages quoted by the infallible Imams (AS). Since the Imams’ addressee in prayers and pilgrimages is God Almighty and there is no consideration of speech with the popular audience, therefore we can be achieved high knowledge of various promised dimensions with an analytical approach. Using library resources and descriptive and analytical methods and by examining prayers and , this study aims to make a deeper knowledge and a new look at different dimensions of knowledge of Imam, including personal knowledge and his personality, authorities, virtues, status and attributes of him, roles and the outward and inward appearance effects of Imam the world.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the claim of inability of historical evidence to prove the birth of the twelfth Imam by the proponents of the religious intellectual movement by explaining the narrative based on the history developing hadith of the twelve Quraysh caliphs. First, the roof, the bed of the emergence of the caliphate, the burning of hadith and hadith-making in the prophetic tradition and then the originality of Mahdism in the Sunni thought is examined. The school of caliphate was established in Saqifa based on the hadith of the Prophet regarding the necessity of being the Quraysh of the twelve caliphs. The first part of this hadith, "The Twelve Caliphs or Amir", was gradually rejected, so some Sunni scholars were unable to interpret this narration for various reasons.The collective historical memory and, of course, the political games among the Muslims aroused the current of the claimants and claimants of Mahdism. The organization of scientific systems, advocacy and representation was also formed by Shiite Imams on the eve of entering the age of absence. Meanwhile, the historical evidences of the birth and the attitude of the caliphate during the birth of Christ and the concern of the Shiite community towards this event, all indicate the occurrence of birth. Finally, the confession of the spirit of personal Mahdism in this narration by Sunni scholars brings the historical proof of this birth based on this point of view.

With the beginning of Sughra's absence and serious limitations in the communication between Imam Mahdi and the Shiites, correspondence was the most dominant way of seeking advice, meeting needs, and obtaining duties in various fields from the Imam. The acceptability and validity of the correspondence and acting on its content required the confidence of the Shiites in the correspondence. The factors and roots of people's confidence in correspondences were relying on clear signs and clear evidences that the passage of time and distance from them made the audience face questions. It seems that various factors such as: familiarity of scientists with the line of correspondence; Submission of many correspondences by primary and secondary attorneys; Confirmation and acknowledgment of elders regarding correspondence; Possession of correspondence with special knowledge and their realization; Non-contradiction of the content with the text of religion; It has caused the Shiites to believe in the correspondences and confirm that they were issued by Imam Mahdi (peace be upon him)

Undoubtedly, one of the most prominent topics in Mahdavi education is the examination of the world after the promised Mahdi rule. There are various narrations in the narrative sources of Muslims about how the world will be after the death of the Promised Mahdi, which has led to the formation of various views on this matter. "Prolonging and connecting the rule of the Holy Prophet to the Resurrection" is one of the types that has its roots in a group of traditions and has more or less found believers. The abundance and variety of narrations on the one hand and the lack of comprehensive research on the other hand, in this field of religious future studies, have caused some people to use these narrations as a basis for their goals and provide incorrect explanations in this field. The main purpose of the upcoming article is to compare the theory of prolonging and connecting the promised Mahdi's rule to the resurrection in the narrative system of Shia and Sunnis, in order to clarify what fate the world will face from the point of view of Islam as the last divine religion, after the savior. In this article, we will explain and examine the alleged traditions.

The quality and how to recognize Imam Zaman (AS) when he appears is one of the issues that occupy the human mind. At first glance and consideration of some narrations, it seems that there are challenges in this regard. Some of these challenges include the call of the devil, doubt, denial and apostasy, bad scholars, sensationalism, the plurality of right and wrong fronts and claimants.The correct explanation of the contents of the aforementioned hadiths, as well as the hadiths that say: "The order of the Imam of the Time is brighter than the sun"; It plays a significant role in reducing challenges, giving hope and speeding up the recognition of Imam Zaman (AS) when he appears.In this research, we tried to investigate and analyze the research subject with available library sources.