نشریه قرآن و علوم اجتماعی
سال دوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 6، تابستان 1401)

Extravagance has many examples in the Holy Quran. The phrase "Indeed, He does not like the extravagant" is repeated twice in the Holy Qur'an. The phrase {la yuhibbu} [He does not like] in the Holy Qur'an indicates that an act is extremely distasteful in the eyes of Almighty God, and its doer is subject to God's wrath and hatred. Now, if this ruling is extended to all small and large examples of extravagance, the result will be that whoever commits even the smallest example of extravagance will be far from the circle of God's mercy.This article has investigated the scope of extravagance with descriptive-analytical method and using library sources. According to the author, verses 141 of Surah An'am and 31 of Surah A'raf are used in two similar contexts and follow a specific structural style, in a way that, in both contexts, it has been mentioned about polytheism and slander of the Almighty. Also, there are identical phrases that strengthen the possibility that both verses follow the same structure. In the opinion of the author of this article, the article (Alif Lam) in "Al-Musrifin" used in "innahu la yuhibbu al-musrifin" is the letter of "Ahd" not the one of "Jins", which according to the special and meaningful use of the phrase "innahu la yuhib...", in particular, include only the extravagant are mentioned in the two verses, and the article (Alif Lam) is not of a kind that include the state of all extravagant people and at any level of extravagance.

The immutable and fixed laws in the world of creation, which guide all human beings to achieve growth and excellence, are known as imtihan (exam) and sometimes ibtila' (trial) in the verses of the Qur'an, and with the tradition of trials, human potential and inherent talents have the opportunity to emerge and actualize. Thus, the rule of kindness and guidance (Qaidah al-Lutf) becomes meaningful for humans. The importance and necessity of the tradition of trail is to the extent that it leads from neglect to awakening, from ignorance to knowledge, and from disobedience to worship. The purpose of this tradition in the book of divine creation is to remind the best system that demands the best action and in return, the mercy of the Supreme Creator, which is the goal of creation, is granted to man. Through the evidence of the worldly life and the inner system of existence, what is achieved is God's test in order to pay attention to God's blessings and use potential talents to make his existence and life valuable.This article, using the descriptive-analytical method and using library sources, has dealt with the research and exploration of authentic verses and narrations in expressing the types of imtihan and ibtila' in the context of Takwini and Tashrir'i events, and for this purpose, it has been benefited from the collection of Qur'an interpretations and Sunnah of the Prophet and the Infallibles, (peace be upon them). The results indicate that divine exams and trials play an important role in creating motivation and progress, promotion, purification of sins and awareness and awakening for repentance and return to God

Educational methods are one of the important parts of the Islamic educational system, and by applying them, the educator brings the learner from the existing situation to the desired situation. In this research, an attempt has been made to extract the themes of education methods in Surah Yusuf by using the content analysis method, which due to the nature of the subject and the limitation of the research community, the process of sampling has been omitted and the entire analytical community (all verses of Surah Yusuf) was investigated. The results of categorization showed that educational methods in Surah Yusuf include insight, tendency and action methods. Educational methods that have a complex perceptual characteristic are defined as "insight and attitude" and those that involve will, desire and motivation are defined as "tendency". Insight and tendency lead to action (behavior).According to the findings, action methods with 51% are the most frequent, insight methods with 28% and tendency methods with 21% are the least frequent in educational methods in Surah Yusuf. In this regard, the methods of ignoring and assimilation from the group of action methods have a great contribution in cultivating the virtues and correcting the vices of the learner. Loving and honoring provide a more effective method in creating a tendency for educational growth, as well as preaching and reminding that play a significant role in creating the insight of the learner, even more effective than insight method.

One of the necessities of life is communicating and consulting with others to benefit from their thoughts and knowledge; because without communication and consultation with others, it will be difficult and impossible to continue living. The Holy Qur'an also recommends and rather orders to consulting with others. There are traditions whose content apparently points to the lack of women's intellect and warns against consulting with women. As a result, it derogatorily interprets women as lower than men; Therefore, women cannot be consulted with this approach.The author of the article solves this problem by using the verses of the Holy Quran and the Two Testaments. The findings of the research show that there is no problem in consulting with some women who have proven their wisdom. A follow-up in the Holy Qur'an shows that there are two types of verses about consultation: one in general way, that includes everyone (men and women) and the other in a specific way that only includes women. Also, in the Old Testament, consultation with women is being observed during the salvation of Prophet Moses (peace be upon him), but the New Testament is silent on this issue and does not have any explicit verses related to this issue. However, it is possible to extract the topic of consultation with women from some verses.

Fear of God is one of the moral solutions of the Qur'an in order to bring mankind to perfection. The moral teachings of the Quran have different levels of meaning. This research, with the descriptive-analytical method of the words "human fear" in the Quran and by paying attention to the context of the verses and the cohabitation relationships among them, aims to answer the question that “What is the position of this virtue in the moral perfection of humans with different semantic levels?”The results of this research indicate that the fear of God plays an important role in various human levels to reach perfection; because each of them benefits differently from this virtue. God-fearing of the prophets became the basis of their standing against the false people and they deserved to receive the highest level of divine guidance. Believers, by accepting God's guadrianship, should not allow themselves any fear and be afraid of Satan and his army's instilling despair. But in contrast, disbelievers are always worried about what they shouldn't be afraid of, and as a result, they fall into the abyss of false security, which causes them to lose in this world and the hereafter

One of the characteristics of Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them), in answering religious questions has been the separation of the audience group, which pays attention to the intelligence, age, abilities and talents of each person, and is considered to be one of the important and necessary issues in Islamic education. The principles that should be taken into account in this matter have a high importance and place in answering questions. Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) paid special attention to educational principles while using different methods in answering the questions. For this aim, this research seeks to answer the question, “what are the educational principles and components of the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) in answering the questions?”The method of this research, based on library studies and descriptive-analytical method, has examined their educational principles in answering the questions. The findings and results obtained are that the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them), in fact, have used the four educational components of moderation, expression of love, self-respect, and wise style, and these principles can be used and modeled in answering questions