مجله سلامت و بهداشت
سال سیزدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 55، پاییز 1401)

 Safety, health, and environmental management systems are implemented and operationalized to provide, maintain, and promote the health of individuals, society, and the environment. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to develop a model of the HSE management system and use it in sustainable development planning based on artificial intelligence based on data theory.

 This research is applied and exploratory in terms of research purpose. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected using questionnaires and among the statistical population selected from universities, Environment Organizations, health centers, and various industries in Tehran in 1399. The data processing theory of the foundation uses open coding, axial coding, selective coding, and SPSS software, MaxQDA, to analyze data.

 The results of this study show that the validation of the model confirms the final model according to the method of review of participants and review of non-participating experts, and also, all Cronbach's alpha numbers and the combined reliability of latent variables are appropriate. 

 Intense to intelligent identification of consequences and risks and strategic and continuous thinking on safety, health, and environment make the multiple structures of sustainable development strong and static. The results indicate the sustainable development of simultaneous access to all components or dimensions with a systemic approach and a holistic mental perception that the individual dimensions and the relationships between them must be considered.

 Occupational problems change people effectively. On the other hand, considering the positive effects of physical activity on physical and mental health, this study aimed to investigate the role of physical activity on skeletal injuries and workers' mental health.

 This study was a causal-comparative study. One hundred ninety tile and cement manufacturing workers eligible for the study were selected on a voluntary sampling basis. According to the Beck questionnaire, 88 were inactive, and 64 in active, and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Cornell Musculoskeletal Injury Questionnaire were used. Independent T-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used, and SPSS 23 software was used for analysis.

 The results showed that mental health in the active group was significantly better than the inactive group in cement factory workers (p=0.001) and tile workers (p=0.001). However, there was no significant difference between active and inactive workers in both tile and cement factories (p=0.728) (p=0.196), and there was a significant relationship between mental health and skeletal injuries.

 According to the results of this study, having a higher level of physical fitness contributes to mental health promotion and reduces physical injuries. It seems easier physical activity and exercise positively affect workers and do not have anything to do with location lace.

 Based on the definition of quality of life-related to vision based on patients' understanding of vision and their daily problems, this study examines patients' problems and quality of life-based on their judgments. 

 The research method used was a descriptive "prospective cohort" type. Two groups of patients were followed up for six months, and information was collected from them. The study population was all patients referred to Farabi Hospital for two months who were suffering from strabismus and keratoconus. A simple random sampling method was used to recruit strabismus patients while all keratoconus patients were recruited. First, the quality of life of both groups of patients was checked before the surgery. Then after the surgery, it was re-evaluated in three months and six months (the third month and the sixth month after) to check whether the surgery was effective.

 Explanatory and analytical findings showed a significant difference in the variable score of quality of life and its dimensions before and after surgery in strabismus patients. Also, the quality of life of strabismus patients has grown significantly after three months of surgery compared to before surgery. Also, Analytical findings related to examining the difference in the quality of life and its dimensions in patients with keratoconus showed no significant difference in the variable score of quality of life and its dimensions before and after surgery.

 Strabismus patients were satisfied with the surgery, and this had a very positive effect on their life. Although the score and the average quality of life in these patients increased slightly after the operation compared to before the operation, this increase in the quality of life score was not enough to significantly increase their satisfaction and quality of life.

 Today, governance in the health system is more important than ever due to the shortcomings in the health sector and the occurrence of crises such as the Covid disease pandemic. On the other hand, policy-making, especially implementing policies in the country's health sector, is facing shortcomings; the use of governance principles can be helpful in this regard. Therefore, this study aims to design a governance model for the country's health system.

 The present study is applied-developmental in terms of purpose. After reviewing the theoretical foundations and previous research, the governance strategies of the health system were identified. Then, the research model was designed using the fuzzy Delphi method and surveying 13 academic and executive experts who were purposefully selected. Finally, to validate the model, 169 managers and specialists of health system departments in Tehran were interviewed with a questionnaire, and the data were analyzed by structural equation modeling and SmartPLS software.

 Based on the research findings, it was confirmed that health governance has four functions of stewardship, service delivery, resource production, and financing, and in order to improve it, ten main strategies and 58 sub-strategies should be considered. Also, the governance model in the country's health system was designed, which includes causal factors (functions of the health system), underlying factors, facilitating/limiting factors, and consequences. Finally, the coefficient of determination for the variable of health governance strategies was 0.611 and for the variable of outcomes was 0.528.

 According to the results, health governance in the country is similar to the model of the World Health Organization in terms of structure and functions, but to improve the health system according to the country's native conditions, it is necessary to use various strategies. Also, the results showed that the health system's governance is a multifaceted and complex phenomenon. To improve it, a set of strategies should be implemented, which were classified into three categories: governance affairs, contractual affairs, and partnership affairs

 Identifying the components of ethical behavior during Corona Virus pandemic can facilitate positive work behaviors. This study aims to investigate the factors that prevent the abnormal behaviors of medical staff in conditions of the corona virus pandemic.

 This research is a descriptive qualitative study of content analysis conducted using a targeted snowball sampling method up to the saturation stage and semi-structured interviews with 13 individuals, including management and health experts. Lincoln and Guba's reliability criteria were used for validation. Data analysis was conducted using the combined directional and summarized content analysis method by SPSS-21 and MAXQDA-10 software.

 The findings indicate that structural factors, including training and development of human resources, selection, and recruitment, organizational auditing, and monitoring, communication skills, handling administrative violations, improvement and orderliness, and of behavioral factors, including individual psychological characteristics, intra-group behaviors, modeling, value agents, justice orientation, and formulating the foundations of benevolence and environmental factors including the internal and external environment of the organization are influential factors in reducing abnormal behavior in medical centers.

 According to the research results, structural factors are the most important factors in preventing abnormal behaviors. The proposed model is expected to help managers reduce abnormal behaviors by improving services and awareness as well as increasing psychological skills and financial and spiritual support while controlling the spread of the corona virus.

 Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) can have several psychological effects. This research aimed to investigate mental health status and its relationship with the sleep quality of healthcare workers during the covid-19 pandemic in southern Iran. 

 This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 on 496 personnel of Hazrat Ali Asghar (AS) Hospital, the center of COVID-19 in Fars province. The participants were selected using the census method. The online General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were provided for participants. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient in SPSS23 at a significance level of 0.05. 

 The mean mental health and sleep quality scores were 48.73±17.14 (of 84) and 8.43±6.21 (of 21), respectively. It indicates a high probability of developing mental health disorders and poor sleep quality among participants. We saw a positive and significant correlation between mental health and sleep quality (p= 0.01, r= 0.33). The level of mental health disorders was significantly higher in single participants (p= 0.02) and participants with bachelor's degrees (p= 0.04). Also, the sleep quality of males (p= 0.03) and single employees (p= 0.04) was significantly lower than the others.

 The participants had high mental health disorders, and their sleep quality seems unfavorable. Supportive interventions, counseling, and psychological services are recommended to reduce mental health disorders and improve sleep quality.

 Humans are the focus of productivity, and all organizations, with each mission they have, should allocate their most significant investment, time, and agenda to the development of human resources, which itself requires creativity and self-efficacy of them. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between job creativity and self-efficacy with the productivity of health centers staffs in Isfahan.

 This study was a correlational descriptive study. One hundred thirty-two health center employees were studied using the Cochran formula by simple random sampling. Data were collected using three questionnaires of job creation creativity, Sharer's standard self-efficacy questionnaire, and Hersey and Goldsmith's productivity questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive and analytical statistics with SPSS v.24.

 The research results indicate a significant relationship between the mean score of job creativity and self-efficacy with employees' productivity (p<0.001). There is a meaningful relationship between the mean of employees' self-efficacy score and productivity (r=0.371, p>0.001). There is a significant relationship between the mean score of employees' job creativity and productivity (r=0.379 ، p>0.001). There is a significant relationship between the mean score of employees' job creativity and self-efficacy (r=0.324 ، p>0.001). 

 According to the research results, staff creativity and self-efficacy correlate directly and positively with productivity. In order to apply the findings of this study, it is suggested to the relevant authorities to strengthen the areas of fostering creativity and self-efficacy of health workers by holding in-service courses on familiarity with creativity and self-efficacy methods and taking the necessary measures to guide these training classes.

 Considering the essential role of universities in the development of science and technology. In organizing educational activities in universities, special attention should be paid to the quality of education and research and how the two are related. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting research experiences in the dissertation process of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences postgraduate students.

 The research method was descriptive-analytical cross-sectional on 222 students of Ardebil University of Medical Sciences who had defended their thesis during the second semester of the academic year 2018-2019 and were in the settlement phase of the study. The data collection tool was the standard PREQ questionnaire with the latest version containing seven main factors.

 Overall, the results showed that among the seven scales, the highest mean transparency was observed among the students, followed by the higher mean score of research skill development. Also, among the students of different faculties and college students, there were no significant differences in the overall satisfaction of the research experience with the different educational backgrounds and students of a different gender.

 According to the results of the present study, it is suggested that university professors in dealing with students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences emphasize ethics in performing specialized tasks as a fundamental value and pass it on to their students.

 The health of university students is one of the most important goals of any society because their health will be the basis for improving society's scientific level and progress. In this regard, the present study was conducted to determine the share of the main components of the health of male students.

 The present study was descriptive-analytical, and the statistical population included all male students of Shahrekord University who selected sports courses 1 and 2 in the second semester of the 2016-2017 academic years. A total of 106 students were randomly selected, five in each class. General health data were collected using the Goldberg and Hillier questionnaire, which consisted of four subscales: physical symptoms, anxiety, social dysfunction, and depression. Health-related physical factors were measured with standard instruments, including height, weight, lean body mass, body water level, body fat mass, body fat percentage, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, blood pressure, and maximum heart rate. Health-related fitness indicators, including flexibility, strength, and endurance of muscles, were measured through standard tests. Data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis using the principal component extraction method and varimax rotation at the level of 0.05 with SPSS software.

 Lean body mass, body water content, height, weight, and strength of the front thigh muscle components were the main factors in the health of male students. In summary, physical indices at 32.76%, physical fitness at 10.85%, and general health at 10.38% had the largest share in the health of male students.

 The results showed that the studied variables of students' health were strongly related, so all the studied factors were reduced to 8 factors and finally determined 78% of the health factors of male students.

 Psychological capital is a concept of positive psychology defined by characteristics such as believing in one's abilities to achieve success, having perseverance in pursuing goals, creating positive documents about oneself, and enduring problems. The main purpose of this study was to assess the mediating role of psychological well-being in the relationship between health-promoting lifestyle and self-efficacy among nurses in Kermanshah province.

 The present study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational. Data collection was done using causal modeling. The statistical population of this study consisted of nurses from five hospitals in Kermanshah province. A total of 300 people were selected from the nursing community by cluster random sampling. Data collection tools included a general self-efficacy questionnaire, a health-promoting lifestyle questionnaire, and a psychological well-being questionnaire. In order to analyze the data, the causal modeling method was used. This analysis was performed using Emus software.

 The results showed that a health-promoting lifestyle has a direct and significant relationship with nurses' psychological well-being. Nevertheless, a health-promoting lifestyle had no significant relationship with self-efficacy. Also, psychological well-being had no significant relationship with nurses' self-efficacy.

 Adopting a health-oriented lifestyle is one of the strategies that people choose to regulate and self-regulate to achieve their goals. The consequence of the proper lifestyle of each person announces his "goodness".