Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences
Volume:9 Issue: 3, Summer 2022

Curriculum management is essential for improving the quality of educational programs in healthcare. The structure of curriculum must be customized according to the scientific needs and requirements. Hence the present study aims to evaluate the Curricula of basic medical sciences from the experts point of views.

In the study a combination of exploratory and Delphi research methods was used. At first, based on detailed studying of theoretical foundations, we extracted the first round of Delphi questions and provided them for the expert group. Using content analysis, the codes, categories, and finally, items were extracted. The items obtained were scored in a questionnaire based on the Likert scale, and then analyzed using descriptive statistics and Interquartile Range (IQR) metric.

According to the data extracted, the expert group identified the content of basic sciences curricula in Ilam University of Medical Sciences under the following categories: Content with low-level comprehensiveness, out-of-date content, content with low-level of practical application, bulky content, and content having a weak relationship with the objectives of the curriculum.

Based on the research, the most significant problems of the basic sciences curricula were the low agreement of the content with educational objectives, low-level comprehensiveness, and finally, low-level practical application.

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common in patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). LUTS are categorized into storage, voiding and post-micturition symptoms. Mebeverine, a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker, can alleviate IBS symptoms via inducing smooth muscle relaxation. The effect of mebeverine on LUTS is not cleared yet. Consequently, we aimed to evaluate the effect of mebeverine on LUTS in IBS patients.

Seventy-five IBS patients were included in the present study. IBS was diagnosed according to the Rome IV criteria. International prostate symptom score (I-PSS) questionnaire was used to evaluate LUTS and quality of life in IBS patient. Patients were treated with 200 mg mebeverine per day. All patients were assessed once before the treatment and then one, three and six months after the treatment with mebeverine.

The prevalence and severity of voiding symptoms were significantly higher in males than females (P < 0.05). One-month treatment with mebeverine reduced storage and voiding urinary symptoms in IBS patients (P < 0.01 and P < 0.0001, respectively). The beneficial effects of mebeverine increased over the time and the maximum effect were found following six-months treatment (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, using mebeverine in IBS patients improved the quality of life both in men and women (P < 0.0001).

Mebeverine could obviously ameliorate both gastrointestinal and urinary symptoms in IBS patients. These findings may propose that smooth muscle relaxants including mebeverine might be proper therapeutic agents for IBS patients with LUTS.

SEPT12 gene encode a testis-specific protein that play important role in terminal differentiation of germ cells. The product of this gene involved in sperm tail annulus constituent, and is essential for head-tail formation in sperm. Various polymorphisms on SEPT12 gene are identified that are associated with impairment of sperm function as well as spermatogenesis in males with infertility. In this study we investigated correlation of rs6500633 polymorphism in the SEPT12 gene in Iranian Azeri male with idiopathic asthenozoospermia (AZS).

We enrolled 50 men with idiopathic AZS as case group and 50 healthy men as control group from East Azerbaijan, Iran. Extraction of genomic DNA was conducted by proteinase K method from sperm samples. Genotyping was performed by tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (Tetra-ARMS PCR).

Frequency of TT, TC, and CC genotypes were 10%, 86%, and 4% in the AZS. On the other hand, the frequencies were 4%, 90%, and 6% in the healthy controls, respectively. Our study indicated no significant difference between the patient and control groups for frequency of the rs6500633 polymorphism in the SEPT12 gene (P > 0.05).

We demonstrated no significant association between rs6500633 polymorphism in the SEPT12 gene and AZS among Iranian Azeri men.

Echinococcosis or hydatid disease is one of the most important zoonosis across the world.

The recombinant P29 protein is considered as a suitable candidate for evaluating diagnostic ELISA to reach a more accurate conclusion.

In this study the P29 sequence comprised with somewhat similar sequences registered in Gene Bank and showed 100% identity with P29 sequences derived from Echinococcus granolosus (E. granulosus) (XP_024351425.1), E. multilocularis (AHA85396.1), Endophilin B1 protein of E. granulosus (CDS21096.1). The primary and secondary structure of the peptide was analyzed due to its characterization of peptide motifs to be expressed on MHC Class HLA allels.

The recombinant P29 derived peptides can be produced and analyzed due to be determined as vaccine design candidate against Hydatidosis.

In this research, a new material (Ti2V0.7Cu97.3) was proposed for the target of medical linear accelerators (linacs) to reduce the production of unwanted photoneutrons in the radiotherapy. So, the fluence, dose equivalent and kerma of the photoneutrons were calculated in a soft tissue phantom.

The medical linac was the Varian 2100 C/D 18 MV, which its tungsten target was replaced with a new multi-metal target (Ti2V0.7Cu97.3). Desired quantities were computed in a ICRU soft tissue phantom, using the Monte Carlo code MCNPX (v. 2.6).

The ratio of the maximums of fluence, kerma, and dose equivalent of photoneutrons along the central axis of the ICRU phantom with new target rather than tungsten target were 72 %, 59 % and 61 %, respectively. Average of the Ratio of fluence, kerma, and dose equivalent in inner area (distances less than 5 cm from central axis) at different depths of the phantom with new target rather than tungsten target were 78 %, 70 % and 75 %, respectively. Uncertainties at all points were less than 5 % (except for a few points which were less than 10 %).

This work showed that applying Ti2V0.7Cu97.3 alloy for the target of linac, can reduce the produced photoneutrons up to 38 % by an applicable and inexpensive way.

The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise training and zataria multiflora have been proven. In the present study, researcher investigated the effect of eight weeks combined exercise training and Zataria multiflora (Z. multiflora) supplement on the levels of IL-1β and insulin resistance in overweight and obese men.

The 40 overweight and obese men with average age of 27.73 ± 2.15 years old and average body mass index (BMI) 28.41 ± 1.75 kg/m2 were randomly divided into four groups including the placebo, Z. multiflora, combined training, and training + Z. multiflora. Combined exercise training program conducted for eight weeks and three sessions per week. Z. multiflora supplement was also consumed at 500 mg daily. Blood sampling was performed before and 48 hours after the eight weeks intervention. The levels of IL-1β and insulin were measured by ELISA method. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test.

The levels of IL-1β in training and training + Z. multiflora groups significantly decreased compared to placebo and Z. multiflora groups (P < 0.001). In addition, significant decrease of insulin resistance in training group compared to placebo (P < 0.001) and Z. multiflora (P = 0.003) groups, and also in training + Z. multiflora group compared to placebo and Z. multiflora groups were observed (P < 0.001).

Combined training alone or in combination with Z. multiflora supplementation can exert anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, Z. multiflora supplementation cause the relative increase in exercise training effect for decrease in IL-1β and insulin resistance.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of interval resistance training with different intensities (low, medium and high) on bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4) and insulin resistance in obese men.

Forty-four obese not trained men, after determining 1RM and based on anthropometric characteristics were divided into the control, low-intensity interval resistance training, medium-intensity interval resistance training, high-intensity interval resistance training groups (in each group, n=11). The protocol of interval resistance training includes 8 movements which were periodic and in different intensities in the form of 3 Set 10 repetitions with 80% 1 RM, rest between sets active, and with 20% intensity and the number of repetitions 15 in the high-intensity group, in the medium intensity group in the form of 3 sets 13 repetitions with 60% RM, resting active sets with 20% intensity and number 15 repetitions and in the low-intensity group in the form of 3 sets of 20 repetitions with 40% 1 RM, rest between sets was active with 20% intensity and the number of repetitions was 15. The first fasting blood sample was obtained 48 hours before and the second blood sample was collected 48 hours after a twelve-week training period. Then the measurements were performed.

The 12 weeks of interval resistance training with different intensities in the training groups led to a significant decrease in BMP-2 and insulin resistance compared to the control group (P < 0.001) but for BMP-4 these decreases were not significant (P = 0.055).

The study showed that different intensities of resistance interval training, especially moderate and high intensity training, can decrease the BMP-2, BMP-4 levels and improve insulin resistance.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of resistance training and nano-curcumin supplementation on matrix metallopeptidase 13 (MMP13) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

In this open-label parallel randomized trial study 40 women aged between 45-60 years with knee osteoarthritis (OA) were randomly divided into the control, resistance training, nano-curcumin supplementation, and resistance training + nano curcumin supplementation groups. Socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric and clinical parameters of the patients (WOMAC test) were collected at the beginning and end of the study. The levels of MMP 13 and COMP in the synovial fluid were measured with a human-specific ELISA kit.

Resistance training, supplement intake, and training/supplementation did not significantly change the synovial levels of COMP and MMP 13. Compared with the control group, WOMAC scores were significantly higher in the intervention groups (P = 0.038).

Resistance training and nano-curcumin by changing the WOMAC scores of patients with osteoarthritis can have a beneficial effect on improving the condition of these patients.