Journal of Current Oncology and Medical Sciences
Volume:2 Issue: 1, Winter 2022

 Stitch abscess or suture granuloma is a rare complication defined as a benign granulomatous inflammatory lesion with an incidence rate of about 2 percent seen after various kinds of surgical procedures.

 Here we present a 49 years old woman that presented with bilateral neck swelling and pain one year and a half after total thyroidectomy surgery misdiagnosed as tumor recurrence.

 Post-thyroidectomy suture reaction causing granulomatous lesions or abscess formation as seen in our case is even rarer with an incidence rate of 0.08% to 1.5%. Silk suture is the most common non-absorbable suture material that has been used in vascular ligation. Young adults, liver dysfunction and allergy history are predisposing factors for stitch abscess.

 Development of suture granuloma should be considered when vascular ligation by silk suture is preferred especially in patients with predisposing factors.

Phagocytosis plays a very important role in innate immunity and helps the body against bacterial infections. Patients who have defect in phagocytosis suffer from recurrent bacterial infections that may be life threatening. It is important to detect the defect in phagocytosis as early as possible in life. Patients who have received immunosuppressive medication may also have suppressed phagocytosis. There are different laboratory tests for evaluation of phagocytosis such as NBT (Nitroblue Tetrazolium) and DHR (Dihydrorhodamine) which use chemical compounds not real bacteria. Nitroblue Tetrazolium is yellow chemical substance, in NBT test neutrophils are isolated first and then for Stimulation of respiratory burst in neutrophils add PMA (Phorbol Myristate Acetate). PMA and NBT are exposed to neutrophils, if a respiratory burst occurs in neutrophils, the color of NBT changes from yellow to purple, that purple neutrophils can be seen under microscope. In DHR test Dihydrorhodamine 1,2,3 was exposed to neutrophils that were stimulated with PMA. Normal neutrophils oxidize DHR after ingestion; finally neutrophils will be fluorescent that can be detected by flow cytometry. The behavior of neutrophils when exposed to chemicals compounds such as NBT and DHR may be different and abnormal, so when real bacteria such as E. coli are exposed to neutrophils the behavior of neutrophils phagocytosis will be normal. The aim of this study was to evaluate a simple and quick method for testing phagocytosis using real bacteria instead of chemical compounds.

An EGFP (Enhanced green fluorescent protein) sequence was cloned into a pColdI expression vector. E. coli (Bl21 strain) was transformed by EGFP containing vector. EGFP expression in bacteria was detected by a fluorescent microscope and flow cytometry. EGFP expressing bacteria were added to the heparinized blood of healthy volunteers. Phagocytosis and digestion of fluorescent bacteria by neutrophils were detected using flow cytometry at different time points.

Neutrophils that engulfed the fluorescent bacteria showed high fluorescent activity and, were identified by flow cytometry. Bacterial digestion over time led to a decrease in fluorescent of neutrophils.

EGFP expressing bacteria and flow cytometry technique can be used to evaluate phagocytosis. It can be optimized for clinical as well as research uses.

 According to the Basic principles of Persian medicine, there are 4 digestions in the human body, which are gastric, liver, vascular and organ digestion, and each of these digestions plays an important role in the health of the body, soul and strength of the body. The importance of digestion in the body is that it makes the food eaten into a part of the body.

 This study is a library review that has been conducted using 40 authoritative scientific books and articles in the field of Persian Medicine as well as through search engines SID, Magiran, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Keywords that were searched: Persian medicine, four digestions, gastric digestion, liver digestion, vascular digestion and organ digestion. In this research, taking notes was performed by studying the mentioned sources about four digestions (gastric, liver, vascular and organ digestions) from the perspective of Persian medicine, and the results are presented in this article after classifying and summarizing the contents.

 According to the schools of Persian medicine, food is eaten until it becomes part of all organs of the body, has transformed (quantitative and qualitative changes) in four parts of the body, each of these four parts is called a type of digestion. These four parts are the gastric (Meadi), liver (Kabedi), vascular (Oroghi) and organs (Ozvi); respectively, and therefore they are called the first digestion (gastric), the second digestion (liver), the third digestion (vascular) and the fourth digestion (organ). In each digestion, a series of useful and waste (unuseful) materials are produced, which are separated from each other. The useful material is preserved in the body for nutrition, The waste material is excreted from the body.I through feces in first digestion, through urine in the second digestion and the third and fourth digestion, are through various methods including sweat, pus.

 Persian medicine is one of the holistic medical schools which have a special perspective on digestion. Since digestion plays a very important role in the health of the body, so Persian medicine’s scientists have fully addressed both the role of nutrition in health and the factors affecting digestion. Therefore, the health of the digestive faculty is one of the basic necessities and principles of the health of the whole body.

 Sodium hypochlorite is a corrosive substance with an alkaline nature that can lead to intoxication. This study aimed to evaluate the demographic, clinical, and endoscopic findings of swallowing this substance and to investigate the predictive factors for the incidence of gastrointestinal lesions in these patients.

 In a retrospective study, all records of patients who were admitted to Razi and 17 Shahrivar Hospitals in Rasht during the years 1386-96 were evaluated by Endoscopy. Subsequently, the results were analyzed by SPSS v21 software including age, sex, cause of ingestion, volume of fluid swallowing, referral time, clinical manifestations, and endoscopic findings.

 Of the 173 patients under study, there were 33 pediatric patients and 140 adult patients. 101 cases (58.4%) were female and 72 cases (41.6%) were male. As reasons of swallowing, 102 cases (59%) were deliberate and 71 cases (41%) were accidental. The most common treatment was proton pump inhibitor and anti-vomiting. The most common symptom was nausea, seen in 135 patients (78%). Coughing was the most common sign in 51 of the cases (29.5%). In adults, 51 cases were less than or equal to 0.5 glass, 64 cases were between 0.5 glass to 2 glasses and 25 were higher.

 The results show that in volumes less than 1.5 glasses, damage has either not been present or mild. Therefore, in volumes of less than 1.5 glasses, it is not necessary to perform endoscopy, and medical treatment and patient monitoring are recommended.

Cancer treatment is one of the most important challenges in medical science. Most methods such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are not completely effective in treating cancer. In this way, immunotherapy and cell therapy have revolutionized cancer treatment. Immunotherapy and cell therapy, like chemotherapy, are given systemically and are effective in preventing the spread of malignancies, but in contrast, they only attack malignant cells and have little effect on their cells, and are more specific. Slowly They have completely different efficiencies depending on the different types of immunotherapy, which include selective cell transfer (ACT) and immunosuppressive inhibitors (ICIs). The study of the mechanisms underlying the escape of cancer cells from the immune system is also very important in identifying new cancer treatments. This review discusses the types of immunotherapy and cell therapy in cancer, the history of development, and recent findings on the penetration of immune cells into the tumor and its relationship to cancer immunotherapy, focusing on new studies and its potential clinical applications.

 The success of an organization depends on the commitment and participation of its employees. Improving occupational health and safety of employees has led to greater productivity and is a matter of interest to developed countries. Some of the factors that reduce productivity in this regard increase costs, including the unfavorable work structure, improper design of the human-machine relationship, and improper management programs. By determining the relationship between occupational safety and health status and organizational commitment, this study proposes solutions to eliminate or modify the risk factors due to poor occupational safety and health and reduce financial and human costs due to employee commitment. The main question of this study is whether there is a significant relationship between organizational commitment and compliance with the components of occupational health and safety of clinical staff of public hospitals affiliated with Guilan University of Medical Sciences in Rasht.

 This research is an applied research-descriptive and correlational study. The statistical and sample population in this study is 60 wards of public hospitals of Guilan University of Medical Sciences. Sampling was done by census method and in each section, the respondents answered the questions as evaluators.

 One of the indicators of superiority of one organization over another is having capable and committed human resources and focusing on organizational commitment of employees is known as a strategy to increase the performance of organizations. Increasing organizational commitment increases the incidence of organizational citizenship behaviors.

 The analysis of the data of this study shows that there is a relationship between the components "Existence of safety instructions and risk management", "Existence of occupational health and safety laws" and "Organization safety supports" with organizational commitment (emotional commitment and normative commitment). And there is no relationship between the components of "first aid and training" and "prevention of occupational hazards" with organizational commitment (emotional commitment and normative commitment).

Oral cancer (OC) is a multifactorial disease caused due to various genomic changes. Alternative splicing (AS) is a regulatory genetic process through which messenger RNA forms diverse protein variants. This study aims to study the variation in the AS events at tongue and gingiva locations of OC.

 Forty-five paired end OC RNA-seq data were downloaded from Sequence Read Archive (SRA) data repository. Twenty four paired end OC (tongue 13, gingival 11) RNA sequences passed the stringent inclusion/ exclusion criteria which were analyzed following Tuxedo pipeline. The ClueGO (v2.5.8) tool in Cytoscape app manager (v3.7.1) was used for gene set enrichment analysis keeping false discovery rate (FDR <=0.05).

 Eighty-three genes were identified to be significantly alternatively spliced when comparison was made between RNA sequences from normal tissues and tumor tissues from the gingiva region (p<0.05). Similarly, 39 genes were found to be significantly alternatively spliced when comparison was made between normal tissues and tumor tissues from tongue region of OC. Of these, only 4 genes i.e. AHR, AL356488.2, KREMEN1, SH3TC1 were similar in gingiva and tongue whereas others were unique to their location.

 Genome-wide AS events vary considerably in gingival and tongue locations of OC. Hence, these events need to be thoroughly investigated for defining the treatment strategy. Further functional studies are needed to decipher the role of AS in OC.