نشریه مطالعات زبان و گویش های غرب ایران
سال دهم شماره 39 (زمستان 1401)

Motion is considered as a fundamental concept in human cognitive system that could be represented in all languages differently. The present paper is going to explain that how lexicalization happens in motion compound verbs. This research is analytical descriptive, and is going to study the lexical meaning of the none-verbal elements and main verb elements such as (do, give, become, hit, eat, go, take, come, pull) according to Talmy’s theory(1985) ,and to find the amount of lexicalization of these verbs in Persian language which is divided into verb-framed and satellite-framed combined verbs. Another aim is to show the semantic meaning between its constructions. Thus, 100 combined verbs collected as non-head framed construction which consisted of mentioned verbs from Fargang-e-Sokhan (Anvari,1381). The results indicate that lexicalization happens both in root and satellite. It also shows that the meaning components of each head framed construction causes that special satellite accompanied with the mentioned verbs, thus the more fertility in satellite, the more lexicalization. Other results show that Persian compound verbs are more satellite-framed than verb-framed. Another result shows that according to Slobin’s theory (1960), speakers of verb-based languages as persian languags languages tend to remove the component of path in sentences.

This paper offers a study of phonological and lexical variations in Hawrami (paveh dialect) based on Variationist Sociolinguistics. In this paper the influence of two non-linguistic factors (age and gender) on one phonological variation (use of allophone]d[instead of]d[in final position) and two lexical variations (use of a compound noun instead of the words /bαwα/ and /dαdα/ meaning “grandpa” and “grandma”, respectively and the use of the word /waratαw/ instead of / war/) in a group of 60 people (30 men and 30 women) from 4 age groups were studied. Data gathered from main group compared with data gathered from standard group which consists of illiterate men and women who were older than 60 and finally, one phonological variation and two lexical variations that have the most differences among standard and main group were chosen. The results indicated that there is no meaningful relationship between age, gender and phonological variation. In lexical variations women use combined address term (/αdα/ + first name) for addressing their grandmas more than men. There is a meaningful relationship between age and the use of combined address terms, too. There is a meaningful relationship between gender and using /waratαw/ instead of /war/.

This article provides an analysis of two Bakhtiari poems from linguistic and literary perspectives – one by Bahman Alaeddin (šaʋ čārdah ‘Fourteenth Night’) and another one, in praise of Bahman Alaeddin, by Feyzollah Taheri‑Ardali (tā laʋte ġazalxun‑e kon-i bāz be āʋāz ‘As You Open Your Lyrical Lips to the Song’). For this purpose, we first transcribe the two poems in the Bakhtiari orthography proposed by Anonby and Asadi (2018). We then present an English translation as well as an interlinearized Persian translation of these two texts. This is followed by a linguistic analysis of the two poems with a focus on phonological and grammatical structures. Since Bakhtiari is an internally diverse language, our analysis has highlighted the linguistic differences between the two poems. From a literary perspective, we explore salient features such as poetic imagery and analyze stylistic devices in the poems

Metaphor is among those phenomena whose conception has been basically revisited by cognitive linguists. Being elaborated on in terms of conceptual domains and image schemata, metaphors are now defined not just as a literary device, as it was thought of in traditional approaches, but as a linguistic means for the expression of abstract ideas on the basis of embodied experiences. Adopting a cognitive approach, the present study seeks to identify the tools that are employed by Yadollah Behzad and Mohammad Javad Mohabat for metaphorical reflection of grief in their poetry. Detailed analyses of our data demonstrate that in the works of both poets the notion of grief has been metaphorically expressed via animism, placeness, and also referring to natural components and comestible phenomena. The shared mechanisms one can find in both poets’ works hint to the shared experiences that both poets might have had in their life. Moreover, the fact that Behzad has used other notions like “time” and “downfall” in his poetry shows that he has perceived grief in a variety of other experiences as well.

The present study investigates the role of positional strength in the occurrence of assimilation processes in Persian language in order to determine the direction of their occurrence as regressive or progressive. The data have been collected from the corpus of "Persian Vocabulary" including about 55,000 entries and have been analyzed based on the approach of Sibawayh (2nd century AH) to the role of "positional strength" in the occurrence of assimilation processes. 33 cases of these processes in the place of articulation, the manner of articulation and the voicing features have been identified and investigated. Some of the research findings are: 1- About 94% of the types of assimilation processes in Persian language have been done regressively and only 2% have been done progressively. 2. About 58% of the assimilation processes have taken place in the manner of articulation. 3- The factor of "positional strength" has a decisive role in determining the direction of assimilation processes.

This study investigated the acoustic parameters of the fundamental frequency, first and second formant frequencies, duration and intensity in KhoramAbadi Luri vowels. 10 participants (5 male, 5 female) produced 1620 tokens, including /ɑ،y،ø،o،u،ə،a،e،ʏ،ɪ،i/ vowels. The result showed that /a/ has the lowest fundamental frequency; /e/ and /ʏ/ have the highest amount of this parameter in male and female speakers, respectively. /a/ and /i/ are the open and close vowels in KhoramAbadi Luri. /i/ and /o/ are the front and back vowels. /ø/ and /ɑ/ have the highest vowel duration amongst other vowels; /ʏ/ and /ə/ have the lowest vowel duration in male and female speakers, respectively. /e/ has the highest intensity in both male and female speakers; /a/ and /u/ have the lowest intensity in male and female speakers, respectively. Generally, female speakers have higher fundamental frequency, first and second formant frequencies and duration, but intensity is higher in male speakers.