نشریه پژوهش های جرم شناختی پلیس
پیاپی 8 (پاییز 1401)

The sense of belonging to the neighborhood, in addition to causing a feeling of comfort in an environment, comes from sociological and psychological roots and grows and develops in these two areas. The sense of belonging to the neighborhood has ancient roots and has been the basis of many important differences and understandings. The sense of belonging and cohesion has been a part of controlling many injuries. Based on this, the purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between the sense of belonging to the neighborhood and the increase of neighborhood-oriented social capital in the prevention of crime in Zainbiye neighborhood of Isfahan city in 1400.

The method of this research is quantitative and survey research, whose statistical population includes citizens, aged 15 to 60 in Zainbiye neighborhood of Isfahan city in the year 1400, based on Cochran's sample size table, 384 people were selected as the sample size. The research questionnaire is a researcher-made questionnaire that has validity and reliability, and its reliability coefficient has been obtained above (0.7). Data analysis has also been done with structural equation modeling and software (Amos Graphics).

Findings:

 The quantitative findings of this research showed that the dual effect of the sense of belonging to the neighborhood is significant both on the social capital of the neighborhood and on the prevention of crime, and the direct effect of the sense of belonging to the neighborhood on the prevention of crime with a coefficient (0.40) are greater. It was on social capital with a coefficient of (0.32).

Conclusion: 

The results of the analysis of the research model showed that the effect of social capital on the dependent variable of crime prevention with a coefficient of (0.52) is the strongest structural effect in the model. As a result, the relationship between the sense of belonging to the neighborhood and increasing the social capital of the neighborhood focused on crime prevention is a significant relationship.

White marriage is an emerging phenomenon in Iranian society that is rooted in Western culture and lifestyle and is not compatible with a variety of traditional and common methods of marriage in the country. Cultural and social developments and a lack of attention to the emotional and spiritual needs of individuals in the course of livelihood. The spread of media and communication has formed a kind of values ​​among individuals that, like Westerners, has shaped different life styles.In this research, with a descriptive-analytical method, we have studied this expanding phenomenon from the perspective of Islamic criminal policy. Marriage, on the other hand, and the relationship between marriage and public order, which are mentioned in various principles of the constitution and some other laws, do not prioritize criminal solutions to counter and prevent the spread of white marriage, and instead use cultural and social tools. And lifestyle modification, especially the situation of forming and providing families, is recommended.

One of the central issues in criminology is the emergence of correlations that can be considered as the causes of the emergence and spread of crime in society; Henceforth, criminologists and sociologists are interested in theoretically and empirically examining the causes of the emergence of various rates of social deviance, including the rate of crime. The purpose of this article is to investigate the relationship between social capital and crime rates with emphasis on robbery in Iranian society.

This study is in line with the basic and practical objectives of tracing the causes of the emergence and occurrence of theft with reference to the processed data by official reports from 1390 to 1395 and the method of this study is secondary analysis; For this purpose, after scientific studies, crime rate reports have been included in the official reports of the Civil Registration Organization and the police on the one hand.

The results of this study indicate that social capital in Iranian society is not in a favorable condition and the average social capital of the country (2. = 2.45) is less than the average. Also, out of 31 provinces of the country, the average of 18 provinces that are ranked one to eighteen is lower than the national average, and Kurdistan and Kermanshah (= = 1.97) have the lowest and Lorestan (3. = 3.15) have the highest average of social capital.

From within the feminist movement, a field of scientific-critical studies arose, which became known as "feminist criminology" among criminologists. This field of criminology provided the basis and context for the study of women's delinquency and its consequences in particular. Among various issues, the situation of women prisoners is of particular importance. Due to the importance of this issue, the international community and specifically the United Nations approved special rules about this group of criminals, known as the "Bangkok Rules".

The present research was carried out using a descriptive and analytical method.

One of the basic needs of women prisoners is to ensure their mental health during their stay in prison and after leaving prison. In this article, an attempt has been made to examine the rules governing the mental health of this group of prisoners in UN documents in accordance with domestic regulations.

In various UN documents about prisoners, especially the Bangkok rules, a set of practical solutions are provided to support the mental health of female prisoners. These solutions include providing appropriate housing for imprisoned women, maintaining family and social ties, psychological counseling, treatment programs, and similar measures. In comparing the rules stipulated in these documents with the internal regulations, it turns out that there are many inadequacies in the internal regulations in this field.

The phenomenon of theft as a criminal act is one of the major problems of human societies, in which thefts from villas have a significant frequency compared to other thefts. Therefore, the police are always looking for a way to identify the challenges of criminalizing theft and provide a targeted solution to deal with it. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the challenges of criminalizing theft from villa houses in the city of Hamadan.

In terms of purpose, the present study is an applied with a qualitative and exploratory approach. The participants of this study are all detectives and criminology specialists of Hamedan Disciplinary Command, among whom a purposeful criterion approach and theoretical saturation criterion were used to select a statistical sample. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview and the content analysis method was used to analyze the data.

The findings showed that the challenges of criminalizing theft from villa houses in Hamadan include 56 basic concepts, 10 organizing concepts and 2 comprehensive concepts. Accordingly, the first comprehensive concept, ie external challenges, includes 5 organizational concepts, and the second comprehensive concept, ie internal challenges, also includes 5 organizational concepts.

Therefore, identifying the challenges in the first place helps in the field of theft crime and in the second place by providing training and social awareness and planning and proper design of structures in gardens and homes. Recreational activities will prevent and passivate crime hotspots

due to the dangerous situation of the victim in the proceedings and his influence on the fate of the criminal case, it is necessary to ensure his security, especially in crimes against the fundamental rights of the nation, to provide him with adequate protection and protection. Because in this category of crimes The victims alone cannot stand against the authorities and officers who abuse their power. Therefore, special measures must be taken to protect them.

This research is theoretical in terms of its practical purpose and topic, and the content is presented in a descriptive and analytical style.

Ensuring the safety of victims of crimes against the fundamental rights of the nation in Iran's laws, both in the matter of preserving their identity and in the matter of providing physical-psychological security, has many challenges, and in order to ensure the safety of the victims as much as possible, a set of factors and institutions must be including the legislative, judicial and executive powers to intervene and cooperate.

The most important requirements for ensuring the safety of the victims of crimes against the nation's constitutional rights are the selection of special and expert judges, identity concealment, specialization of the authorities and the use of new technologies instead of the physical presence of the victims, along with the necessary mechanisms to compensate for their material and moral damages. Is.

Context: 

The purpose of this research is to determine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the prevention of fraud in the business environment and to provide implementation solutions to improve SWAT and develop appropriate strategies based on the analysis of programs.

The present research was carried out using a qualitative method by conducting qualitative semi-structured interviews.Its narration is formal and its validation is through holding meetings with experts and finally by getting the opinions of supervisors and advisors.experts from the Judiciary Research Center and judges specializing in issuing verdicts for fraud crimes. and its number was determined in the research process based on the theoretical saturation principleThe aforementioned working groups (experts and experts in the form of a focus group or brainstorming method) were considered in order to analyze the environment, form a SWAT matrix, and formulate a strategy.

The findings of the research showed: police access to databases, active and effective presence in the context of inclusive social networks, the fact that the police dealing with fraud are smarter than fraudsters, paying special attention to the role of effective organizations in prevention. Banks' use of Faraja's expert opinions in crime prevention issues,