مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 694 (هفته دوم دی 1401)

A complex of restricted naïve lymphocytes in conjunction with an age-associated accumulation of senescent T cells and/or thymic involution are major contributors to immunosenescence, which can be modulated by exercise training. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate 10 weeks of combined training in water on immunosenescence in elderly rats.

16 rats for 24 months with mean weight 320 ± 5gr were randomly distributed into a control group (n = 8) and combined training (n = 8). Combined training was performed in 4 sessions per week (two endurance days and two resistance days) in a container with dimensions of 50×50×100 centimeter with water at 30 ± 1 ºC. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test.

A significant decrease was observed in training groups than control in thymus weight and indicators related to senescent TCD8+ and senescent naïve TCD8+ and TCD4+ (P = 0.01), as well as, there was a significant increase in indicators related to CD4+ and CD8+ and naïve TCD8+ and TCD4+ lymphocytes (P = 0.01). While wasn't observed significant difference between CD4+/CD8+ ratio and indicators related to senescent TCD4+ (P = 0.48 and P = 0.19, respectively).

The results of this study suggest that combined training in water is a safe activity for the elderly to improve the immune system and reduction of senescence-prone T cells.

Cognitive disorders are one of the most important disorders occurring among the elderly. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of Golghand consumption on the cognitive status of the elderly people with mild cognitive impairment.

In this randomized clinical trial study, 70 elderly people aged 60-75 years after completing the demographic, elderly depression and brief cognitive status questionnaires in several stages and random allocation were divided into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention group used Golgand potion once a day for one month. At the end of the post-test questionnaire was completed for both groups. The data were analyzed with independent t and paired t statistical tests with significance level of less than 0.05.

The mean and standard deviation of the cognitive status score in the experimental group before and after the intervention was 22.57 and 26.17, respectively. The same in score in the control group was 22.65 and 22.66, respectively. The cognitive status scores increased significantly in the intervention group. (P = 0.027), but no significant difference was observed in the control group (P = 0.865). The results also showed a significant increase in the cognitive status scores in the dimensions of orientation, attention, calculation and recall of the questionnaire in the experimental group in the posttest phase (P < 0.05).

According to the present study, Golghand increased cognitive status scores in the intervention group, which indicates the improvement of mild cognitive impairment in the elderly people and the prevention of Alzheimer's diseases.

Some micro RNAs (miRNA) are secreted by adipose tissue and play a role in intercellular communication and are considered as a valuable target point in order to control obesity and its consequences. The aim of the present study is to determine the effect of two concurrent aerobic and strength training methods on the levels of miR-155 and C-reactive protein (CRP) in obese middle-aged men.

Thirty middle-aged men with an average age of 44.57 ± 3.54 years and weight 103.79 ± 8.46 kg, randomly and based on fat percentage, aerobic capacity (V̇O2max) and one repetition maximum (1-RM) were assigned to three groups: 1) concurrent aerobic and strength training in one day (CAST1), 2) concurrent aerobic and strength training on separate days (CAST2) and 3) control group. Blood samples were collected from the subjects 48 hours before and after 12 weeks of concurrent training, in order to analyse of miR-155, CRP and glucose indices. One-way ANOVA with repeated measures and Bonferroni's post hoc test were used to analyze the data.

After 12 weeks of training, CAST1 group experienced a significant decrease in miR-155, CRP and glucose indices compared to the control group. Also, in the CAST2 group, miR-155, CRP and glucose indices were significantly decreased compared to the control group.

It seems that both CAST training methods reduce obesity-related inflammation by affecting miR-155, and middle-aged men may be able to use both training methods to prevent metabolic diseases.