مجله علوم و فناوری اطلاعات کشاورزی
پیاپی 8 (پاییز و زمستان 1400)

Technologies that assist in making management decisions and policies regarding the sustainable use of livestock and poultry resources through the providing and analysing information are valuable. Today, various computer and information tools are used for planning, decision-making and management of different sub-sectors of agriculture. One of these tools is the geographic information system (GIS). The application of GIS has been developed according to the needs of each person or nation in different sectors, so that the widespread use of this system can be seen in different branches of agriculture. The use of GIS in animal sciences as well as the livestock and poultry industry is also of great importance as one of the most important sub-sectors of agriculture that plays an important role in providing food security. However, the use of this technology in the field of livestock and poultry has progressed very slowly compared to some agricultural sciences. Considering the advantages and potential capacities of GIS application in animal sciences, it is necessary to widely promote its use to increase the productivity of different fields of animal husbandry. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to review GIS technology, its capabilities and potential applications in animal husbandry.

Considering the growing population of the world, it can be said that food security is one of the most important challenges of this century. Due to the limitation of natural resources and inputs, and problems such as climate change, environmental pollution, and increasing migration of villagers to cities, it is difficult to increase the quantity and quality of agricultural products. In such a situation, ensuring food security depends on changing production methods and approaches. New solutions and methods should be sought for production. Increasing productivity in production means increasing the application of knowledge and technology in agricultural production systems. Therefore, new technologies should be used to increase productivity. In other words, the future of sustainable agricultural production depends on the application of new technologies. Despite the consideration of importance of Information and communication technologies in the agricultural fields, new terms such as smart agriculture, e-commerce and precision agriculture are discussed in this article.

The rapid and massive tendency of the world's public to communicate with others through virtual spaces, especially due to the deadly Corona pandemic and the imposed communication restrictions, has made the Metaverse as a super technology as a bridge between material reality and virtual space highly acceptable. In this way, Metaverse as a new technological reality is infiltrating and having a great impact on various fields of human life today and tomorrow, and has become the latest goal of many technology giants in the world.
A technology that seems to cover all aspects of the real world and, like social networks, creates a revolution in people's daily life and business. The features of Metaverse, such as its universality, will embrace the agricultural fields; In particular, agriculture has reached the level of Smart Agriculture with the help of high technologies and is now on the verge of entering a bigger transformation called Metaverse Agriculture. A transformation that is inevitable both from the evolution of technology and from the requirements of the times.

Organizations, subject to the law of publication and free access to information, are obliged to gradually convert their information reserves into digital form within three years and make them available to different levels of users in compliance with the relevant laws and regulations. The obvious result of this law is clear for organizations such as the Agricultural Research, Education and Extention Organization (AREEO) as well as universities and research institutes. The advantages of content electronic publishing in reducing costs and improving the quality of access to information for private and public publishers are discussed. But managing intellectual property rights and copyrights are one of the biggest obstacles and challenges in electronc republishing of works. For this reason, a large amount of books cannot be published electronically. Because the electronic republishing of contents requires a new agreement or adding clauses to previous contracts; Such as the permission to change the print copy to electronic format (including audio books). Contracts with third parties (such as Kitabrah and Fidibo) also require a new license.Technical and legal issues related to the security of data and information, and the rights of creators and consumers are also discussed. In this article, an attempt is made to address the legal problems related to publishing agents and institutions (researchers, authors, translators, editors, private and public publishers, educational and research organizations, libraries and information centers, electronic intermediaries, legislators and lawers) with an emphasis on books be paid electronically.

The World Wide Web, as one of the services provided on the Internet, has seen two major developments so far and is on the verge of entering its third generation, which is referred to as Web 3. While the first generation of the web only provided information and people could only read the content, the second generation made the participation of people the main rule. In the second generation of the web, which is currently the dominant form and used by the public, it is possible for people to interact with internet content, and with the presence of social networks and other tools, the general public can create content in addition to viewing the content of others. However, the centralized system of Web 2 and the acquisition of data by large companies have paved the way for the emergence of the third generation of the Web. By using blockchain technology, this generation has been able to raise the level of people's interaction with this global network to new frontiers by involving all people in maintaining and benefiting from data. In the field of agriculture, the third generation of the web can provide new opportunities for those involved in this field with the services it provides in the chain of production to food consumption, as well as by providing facilities in the field of insurance of agricultural products and evolution in the way of compensation payment. Smart agriculture is another area where the third generation of the web could appear differently than what we have today.

The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between quality of work life and job satisfaction of the employees in Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute This study was applied in terms of practical purpose and in terms of implementation method, except for descriptive correlation research. A sample of 288 people was randomly selected from the staff of the faculty and non-faculty of the institute. Data collection tools were standard questionnaires whose formal validity has been confirmed. Questioner’s reliability was determined through Cronbach's alpha. Qualities of work life and job satisfaction were 0.91 and 0.96, respectively. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical tests (T-sample, Pearson correlation coefficient, and regression). The results show that the variable status of quality of working life in the institute is lower than average and among its three components of legalism in the organization; the general living space and development of human capabilities are not in good condition. There is also a significant relationship between the components of quality of working life and job satisfaction. Due to the importance of quality of work life in job satisfaction of employees, managers are advised to pay special attention to improving the quality of working life in the institute.