فهرست مطالب
Shiraz Emedical Journal
Volume:24 Issue: 2, Feb 2023
- تاریخ انتشار: 1401/12/06
- تعداد عناوین: 8
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Page 1Background
In various situations, such as determining nutrition requirements, medication dosage, mechanical ventilation, and resuscitation, height, weight, and BMI are considered. Anthropometric body measurements differ among populations of different genders and ethnicities.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to develop gender-specific equations for estimating body weight and height based on anthropometric measurements in Iranian adults.
MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in Shiraz, Iran, over six months. Healthy volunteers aged 18-80 were included. Exclusion criteria were limb(s) amputation or immobilization and pregnancy. Participants were randomly divided into modeling (n = 400) and validation (n = 78) groups. We used the modeling group to generate regression equations based on gender and the validation group to test them.
ResultsDemi-span, age, knee height, and arm span could predict height with reasonable accuracy. Calf, waist, neck, and wrist circumferences entered our regression for predicting weight. Waist and calf circumferences entered the regression for BMI prediction in both genders. Arm circumference in men and neck circumference in women is strongly correlated with BMI.
ConclusionsMany different equations have been suggested to predict height, weight, and BMI. Linear and circumferential body measures are usually used to predict height and weight. The suggested equations in this study are simple, and the anthropometric measurements require only a cloth tape measure and have good predictive ability. Complimentary studies are necessary to evaluate the precision of these formulas in other samples from other regions of Iran and in immobilized patients.
Keywords: Body Mass Index, Body Weights, Measures, Body Size, Anthropometry -
Page 3Background
One of the most common functional problems in children is functional abdominal pain (FAP), and dysmotility is one of the possible causes of FAP. Domperidone is a prokinetic drug that increases gastrointestinal motility.
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of domperidone on the treatment of FAP in children.
MethodsIn this double-blind clinical trial study, FAP was diagnosed in 80 children aged 5 - 14 years, who were referred to Amirkola Children's Hospital in Babol for one year based on the criteria of the Rome IV. Then, they were randomly divided into two groups of 40 patients. Group A received domperidone tablets (0.25 mg/kg, three-time/day) for two months, and group B received a placebo. The primary outcome was at least a 50% reduction in both frequency and severity of pain, and the secondary outcome was a significant reduction in the duration, frequency, and intensity of pain according to the Wong-Baker scale compared to baseline.
ResultsA total of 80 children completed the trial (40 with domperidone). The recovery rate was higher in the domperidone group than in the placebo group after eight weeks (71.8% vs. 28.2%; P < 0.0001), and domperidone had significant superiority over the placebo in reducing the duration (4.58 ± 7.71 vs. 24.5 ± 41.45, min/day, P < 0.001), frequency (3.35 ± 3.99 vs. 10.63 ± 10.55, episode/week, P < 0.001), and intensity (2.20 ± 2.16 vs. 5.05 ± 2.37, P < 0.001) of the pain.
ConclusionsBased on the results, domperidone can be useful in the treatment of FAP in children.
Keywords: Functional Abdominal Pain, Rome IV Criteria, Pediatric, Domperidone -
Page 4Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has induced fear and mental health problems in the community and among healthcare workers. Empathy with patients may be difficult in such situations due to urgent conditions.
ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate medical students’ empathy and fear toward COVID-19 patients during the pandemic.
MethodsThis cross-sectional study recruited 107 medical students from Shiraz Medical School in 2021. A Persian version of the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) was used to assess the participants’ empathy toward COVID-19 patients. The internal validity of the Persian version of JSPE was 0.78, and its test-retest reliability after 14 days was 0.92 in a previous study. The participants were requested to fill out a fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S) previously developed to assess their fear of affliction with COVID-19. Since the normality of data distribution was not approved, we used nonparametric tests, namely, the Mann-Whitney U test and the Spearman correlation coefficient.
ResultsThe mean empathy score based on the Persian version JSPE was 71.94 ± 12.83 out of 140, which was higher in male students and those who resided in dormitories. The mean fear score was 24.93 ± 6.16 out of 35. Participants living out of dormitories feared COVID-19 to a greater extent. No statistically significant association was found between the age of the participants and these two parameters. The Spearman correlation coefficient test showed that students with a history of COVID-19 had less fear and more empathy because of their experience with COVID-19 (r = -0.249, P-value = 0.02).
ConclusionsThis study highlights the impact of the pandemic on the interaction between medical students as healthcare professionals and patients by affecting medical students’ fear and empathy. The study indicates ways to improve readiness for future pandemics. Our study showed that living far away from families in dormitories may influence students’ fear and empathy. Moreover, empathy, unlike fear, was affected by gender. A reverse correlation existed between fear and empathy in students with a history of COVID-19, indicating that the more they had empathy, the less they experienced fear.
Keywords: COVID-19, Medical Student, Fear, Empathy, Compassion -
Page 5Background
The neonate's birth and subsequent hospitalization cause families to experience various needs. Identifying the family's needs can lead to the provision of qualitative services and the implementation of family-centered development care (FCDC) by nurses.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the needs of Iranian families with neonates in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs).
MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in northern Iran in 2018 - 2019 on 360 parents of neonates admitted by convenience sampling method to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Data were collected by demographic questionnaire of parents and neonates and NICU Family Needs Inventory (NFNI) of Ward with five dimensions of proximity, assurance, information, comfort, and support. The data were analyzed using Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients and a t-test by SPSS23 software.
ResultsThe most important dimensions of family needs were proximity to the infant (93.59%), information (90.53%), assurance (89.18%), comfort (86.70%), and support (80.78%). A comparison of the dimensions of the needs of primiparous, multiparous, and term preterm parents indicated that assurance for multiparous parents (P < 0.001) and comfort for parents with term infants (P < 0.02) were significantly higher than the other dimensions.
ConclusionsThe study found that proximity to infants is the most important dimension of family needs. Therefore, the relevant authorities should take effective measures to ensure parent-infant proximity.
Keywords: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal, Parents, Needs Assessment -
Page 6Background
COVID-19 has become a serious health problem worldwide.
ObjectivesThe current study investigated the prognostic factors associated with demographical parameters, clinical and vital signs, and laboratory results for predicting severity and mortality in patients infected with COVID-19.
MethodsThis retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 372 COVID-19-positive patients hospitalized at the Khatam al-Anbiya Hospital, Shoushtar, Iran, from Sep 2020 to Sep 2021. The association of demographic parameters, clinical and vital signs, and laboratory results with severity and patients' outcomes (survival/mortality) was studied. The patients were divided into the non-severe group (n = 275) and the severe group (n = 97). COVID-19 disease severity was determined based on the severity of pulmonary involvement using CT chest images. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS software for Windows (version 18). Logistic regression analysis was employed using the Forward LR method to predict COVID-19 severity and mortality.
ResultsThe rates of mortality and the severe form of the disease were 87.1% (n = 324) and 12.9% (n = 48), respectively. A prognostic value was observed in predicting COVID-19 severity and mortality for some clinical and vital signs (diabetes (P < 0.001, P = 0.019), hypertension (P = 0.024, P = 0.012), pulmonary diseases (P = 0.038, P < 0.001), and anosmia (P = 0.043, P = 0.044) and paraclinical parameters (FBS (P = 0.014, P = 0.045), BUN (P = 0.045, 0.001), Cr (P = 0.027, P = 0.047), Neut (P = 0.002, P = 0.005), and SpO2 (P = 0.014, P = 0.001)). Cardiovascular disorders (P = 0.037), fever (P = 0.008), and dyspnea (P = 0.020) were also effective at predicting disease-related mortality. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that diabetes disease, the place of residence, PCO2, and BUN with R2 = 0.18, and age, pulmonary diseases, and BUN with R2 = 0.21 were involved in predicting the severity and mortality, respectively.
ConclusionsIt seems that in addition to the BUN, diabetes and pulmonary diseases play a more significant role in predicting the severity and mortality due to COVID-19, respectively.
Keywords: COVID-19, Prognostic Factors, Severity, Mortality