پژوهش نامه اسلامی زنان و خانواده
سال دهم شماره 29 (زمستان 1401)

A conflict is an inevitable phenomenon formed during marital relationship in parallel with love. The present study aimed to investigate the feasibility of an interventional package of the decrement of couples' conflict based on Islamic sources with a quasi-experimental method and single-case experimental design with a multiple sequential-exploratory baseline. The population included all couples who were in conflict referring to the Ghadir Counseling Center in the city of Qom. Three couples were selected by the judgmental sampling and with the confirmation of conflict criterion according to a marital conflict questionnaire. The data were collected before and after the intervention. The researcher's interventional package of the decrement of couples' conflict was designed according to the Islamic sources, and it was in the form of a short structured 9 session treatment. The package validity regarding its sessions, in general, and in terms of its structure, objectives, and techniques were confirmed by 10 psychologists. The results of the interventional package showed that after the intervention, the couples' conflict turned to a good and safe condition with a decreasing and stable trend.

The skills of family survival are tested by family disasters, and they are showed when one of the family members faces with a problem. One of these disasters is the presence of a veteran person in the family; thus, this qualitative study was conducted with the purpose of investigating the problems of women with a veteran husband using the theme analysis. The population included all women with a veteran husband living in regions 13 and 14 of Tehran. 19 women (who had referred to the Municipal Health House of region 13 in 2020) were selected by the judgmental sampling, based on the theoretical saturation of the semi-structured interviews. The data analysis was done by the theme analysis and finally, 5 main concept related to the problems of women with a veteran husband were identified: mental, physical, marital, social, and economic problems. As a whole, the results showed that such women have been experiencing many problems in the mental, physical, marital, social, and economic aspects. Therefore, the related organizations should identify the problems of these women and service them.

A conflict is an inevitable phenomenon formed during marital relationship in parallel with love. The present study aimed to investigate the feasibility of an interventional package of the decrement of couples' conflict based on Islamic sources with a quasi-experimental method and single-case experimental design with a multiple sequential-exploratory baseline. The population included all couples who were in conflict referring to the Ghadir Counseling Center in the city of Qom. Three couples were selected by the judgmental sampling and with the confirmation of conflict criterion according to a marital conflict questionnaire. The data were collected before and after the intervention. The researcher's interventional package of the decrement of couples' conflict was designed according to the Islamic sources, and it was in the form of a short structured 9 session treatment. The package validity regarding its sessions, in general, and in terms of its structure, objectives, and techniques were confirmed by 10 psychologists. The results of the interventional package showed that after the intervention, the couples' conflict turned to a good and safe condition with a decreasing and stable trend.

This analytical-documentary research tried to investigate the effect of the gender change of a transsexual before marriage on creating the right to terminate and the role of gender-neutrality after marriage in the waiver of the right to terminate marriage. After reviewing the previous studies, no research that examined the subject of this study was found. The results indicated that the gender change before marriage and the other party's ignorance of it at the time of marriage is a way of hiding a defect, so that it creates the right to terminate marriage; because the act of marriage is not usually absolute and it depends on the implied condition of having no defects. So by violating that condition, the other party has the right to terminate marriage. Moreover, the condition of having no defects is important for each couple, and by violating that condition, the other party has the right to terminate marriage. A sexually neutral person loses the right to terminate his/her legal basis by the treatment after marriage and changing to monogamy, and it is not possible to terminate marriage based on previous defects.

In Khul divorce, which is a legal solution for terminating marriage, the wife due to her hatred of her husband gets free from the bond of marriage for the money she gives to him. According to the well-known jurists in Article 1146 of Civil Code, the legislator considers the absolute of the hatred as the key point of Khul divorce. The purpose of the explanation of this Article is to discover the criterion for realizing the hatred. If the wife just says something indicating her hatred of her husband in the hearing, is it enough? This analytical-documentary research aimed to discover the three groups of jurists who believe in the validity of absolute expression of hatred, the expression of verbal hatred, and the expression of inner hatred. The results demonstrated that the narratives, to which were referred by the believers in the verbal hatred, only show the legitimacy of Khul divorce and there is no proof for the claim, and in lots of cases, the wife due to some reasons uses disgusting words that are against her inner desire, and if she can get divorced only by expressing such words, it will have bad consequences. Therefore, it is better to say that the meaning of hatred from the legislator's perspective is the inner hatred with the mentioned criteria, and it can be identified by exploring couples' relationships.

There is a lot of sensitivity about the relationship between a man and woman in the religion of Islam. Handshake or shaking hands with a non-Mahram is one of the behaviors whose sanctity is specified in narratives, and it also, in the form of other titles, has sanctity measurements. Meanwhile, in recent years, because of the spread of such an act, there have been some attempts to permit handshake under the conditions of the emergence of secondary titles (Haraj and Ezterar) and the presence of an obstacle between their hands. This analytical-documentary study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the exceptions of the sanctity of shaking hands with a non-Mahram regarding its compatibility with Sharia principles and rulings; thus, all written sources, related to the rulings of the relationship with a non-Mahram and the sanctity measurements in shaking hands with a non-Mahram, were reviewed, as well as its Sharia ruling under the conditions of the presence of an obstacle and the emergence of secondary titles, and then the Fatawa indicating its permissibility were analyzed. According to the results, the generality of its permissibility under the condition of the presence of an obstacle is not acceptable, and the referral to the secondary rules cannot necessarily result in its permissibility; especially, the rule of "La Haraj" cannot generally remove the sanctity, and the most of the affected cases are not qualified as being the subject of the rule of "Ezterar".