پژوهشنامه مددکاری اجتماعی
پیاپی 31 (بهار 1401)

First this study has tried to provide a global perspective of intervention programs worldwide through documentary andlibrary methods by collecting and reporting on important government intervention programs in the field of street children. In the second step, the present study, considering its sociological and critical position, has evaluated these programs and tried to reveal the neoliberal view behind these programs and to clarify their role in the vulnerability and instability of these programs. In fact, through a meta-analysis of evaluations of successful programs, the neoliberal view is described as a set of policies and plans that prevent these programs from achieving the goal of permanently eliminating street child labor. The results of this study indicate that intervention programs are designed to increase economic growth and therefore suffer from disadvantages such as temporary, limited, disconnected and non-optimal. From the results obtained and according to the data of the analytical part of the research in the final part, a model has been designed and proposed based on the values of inclusiveness, integrity, quality and sustainability.

The current research aimed to study the effectiveness of social group work remedial model with reality therapy approach on social adjustment of people improved from addiction.The study to quasi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test design on two groups (control and intervention) with one-month follow-up. The statistical population of the study all participants in the self-help group Rahpooyan Rahaei Tehran Branch after the initial leave of abuse. Everyone were assessed in term of social adjustment. Then, 30 people whose social adjustment score was lower than other people in this group and had the criteria to be studied, were randomly divided into two equal groups of control (n = 15) and experimental (n = 15). The experimental group was education in 8 sessions of reality therapy intervention according to the remedial model of social group work. During this period, the control group did not receive any intervention. After completing all sessions and complete training, post-test (Wiseman and Pickel social adjustment questionnaire) was performed on two groups. Descriptive and inferential statistics (analysis of covariance) were used to analyze the data.The results showed that there was a significant difference between intervention and control groups regarding the social adjustment and its dimensions. The scores were increased in intervention group after intervention and in follow-up.In conclusion, social group work remedial model with reality therapy approach has a significant positive effect on social adjustment of improved from addiction.Keywords: social adjustment, improved from addiction, reality therapy approach, social group work remedial model

Women heads of households, as one of the most vulnerable sections of society, need to be informed about various issues specially in the field of health. Many gynecological diseases can be diagnosed with early care and can be treated more. These diseases include gynecological cancers that require personal referral and follow-up. Therefore, they depend on various socio-economic factors. The aim of the present study is to investigate the social vulnerability of female heads of households in comparison to married women in providing health care. The present study is a comparative study and was conducted on 200 women including heads of households who have active files in 2 social work clinics in Qom and also married women in 2 districts of Qom city. A questionnaire was used to collect data and SPSS software was used to compare the two groups.41% and 21% of female-headed households and57% and 36% of married women have Mammograms and Pap-smear once a year. The average score in Mammography among married women is 102.15and in female-headed households is 84.18The mean score on Pap-smear test was 98.11 in married women and 79.56 in female-headed households. This difference the mean at the confidence level of 0.95and the standard error percentage (p≤ 0.05) is significant. The results show married women are more likely to have Pap-smears and Mammograms than female-headed households. Due to the special living conditions of women heads of households, there is a need for more practical education, awareness and support for this group.

Violence in society, especially in the family, is one of the acute social problems that is observed in all geographical areas and religious and racial groups and educational, occupational, economic and social levels. The purpose of this study is a sociological analysis of domestic violence against children in Ilam with a grounded theory approach. The study population includes all parents involved in the phenomenon of child abuse in Ilam. The sample size was determined based on theoretical saturation, and the validity of the findings was provided by confirmation and matching with the opinions of expert judges and key informants. In this study, information was collected through in-depth interviews and semi-structured. Analysis of graduate interviews led to the formation of a conceptual framework in the form of causal conditions with the categories of "low economic capital", "corona and change in family lifestyle", "family inefficiency", "health status", background conditions in the form of " "Generational conflict", "Parental anticipation tradition", "Gender inequality", "Another desire", and "Violence as a normative norm", Mediating conditions in the form of "Internet and changing habits", "Conflict of job-family roles", And the strategies of "despair", "punishment as education" and finally the category of negative individual consequence, "family-social consequence".Considering the relationship between the categories, finally the core category of "structural deprivation" was extracted as a category explaining violence against children in the city of Ilam.

Corona Pandemic, quarantine, and restrictions imposed on businesses, especially in the field of informal employment and services, women in their businesses have faced many problems in terms of providing and developing services. The purpose is to identify the problems of the group of women heads of households who are responsible for home baking and economic affairs and managing family financial resources. Therefore, in this study, from a qualitative approach and thematic analysis method, semi-in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 women and then coded by Max Q.D.A software. A total of 2 main themes, 4 subthemes, 12 concepts, and 110 phrases were extracted. The two main categories of causes of female unemployment in the Covid period were the nature of the job and the effect of the disease on some occupations. Consequences of unemployment in three categories of psychological consequences (decreased self-esteem and depression, reduced female resilience). The decline in women's resilience is due to job losses or unemployment or a reduction in their income. Job consequences, such as lack of skill development and role mixing and the mother-teacher phenomenon, have left women trapped in poverty and precarious jobs, and put double pressure on women. The findings indicate a lack of support based on gender sensitivity. Depression is not only due to economic problems but also due to the increase in gender roles and the return of previous roles of women that were previously left to institutions such as schools or kindergartens;

Different social groups each make efforts to achieve health, and due to their social status, they also face obstacles to achieving health. Among them, blind and combination women also have unique experiences in They have this background. This phenomenological study analyzes the efforts of blind and partisan women in the context of their life experience and also the obstacles to their progress in Kashan. In this regard, using purposive sampling with the criterion of theoretical saturation, 25 blind and combo women were selected for in-depth interviews. The interviews were then analyzed using Brown and Clark thematic analysis. After extracting the appropriate codes, two main themes with the titles of health-centered agency and perceived barriers to health have been obtained. Health-oriented agency includes actions and actions that are in the field of awareness of individuals and occur to maintain, improve or promote health. And has the sub-themes of basic health presuppositions, conscious prevention in order to maintain health, reconstruction and treatment, and measures that are detrimental to health. Perceived health barriers also refer to macro-social categories that restrict the realization of health in blind and visually impaired women outside the will of individuals and contain sub-themes of economy-based health, harassing behaviors. Society is a disabling social context and a challenge to the institution of treatment and the passive family.