مجله آموزش بهداشت و ارتقای سلامت ایران
سال یازدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 41، بهار 1402)

The Covid-19 pandemic doubled the need for creative interventions to prevent cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of intervention based on family empowerment on preventive lifestyle of cardiovascular disease risk factors in middle-aged women.

In this randomized clinical trial study, 74 middle-aged women covered by comprehensive health service centers in the south of Tehran were selected based on inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to two intervention and control groups and were investigated. The family-centered empowerment program based on the preventive lifestyle of the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases was conducted for the intervention group during 6 sessions and each session lasted for 30 minutes virtually and through the WhatsApp application. After 8 weeks, the questionnaires were re-completed and the data were collected using demographic information, Food Frequency questionnaire, Baecke and metabolic health questionnaires and descriptive statistics methods (frequency distribution tables - index numerical values calculation) and inferential statistics (chi-square test, independent t, paired t and Fisher) were used and analyzed in SPSS statistical software version 20.

The findings of this study showed that the average age in the control group was 44.03 ± 2.35 in the intervention group was 46.65 ± 3.29 and the intervention and control groups were homogenous in terms of demographic variables, eating habits, physical activity, and metabolic health, and there were no significant differences (P<0.001). After the intervention in metabolic health (control of blood sugar, blood pressure, blood cholesterol and smoking), physical activity and eating habits, there was a significant difference between the two groups, which indicates the effectiveness of the intended intervention (P<0.001).

Family empowerment is one of the most effective methods to prevent modifiable risk factors in chronic diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases. The covid-19 pandemic created a good opportunity for families to participate in the implementation of the above programs. Programs that focus on the foundation of the family leads positive effects in the direction of educating people, especially older people in the family, in relation to changing behavior, and it can be used as a safe and effective method for cardiovascular disease prevention.

Background and Object:

 One of the most common nutritional problems around the world is the deficiency of micronutrients, especially iron and vitamin D. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of iron and vitamin D supplementation and the value of the clinical diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia in high school girls in Gonabad.

This research was a semi -experimental study and without control group study that conducted in 158 seventh grade high school girl students in Gonabad in 2016. The data collection tool in this study was a checklist that included two parts. The first part contained demographic variables and the second part included a student examination checklist that were filled by physicians. The data analysis was also performed through the Chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test. The significant level of the data in this study was less than 0.05.

The use of iron supplements significantly reduces iron deficiency and reduced iron deficiency anemia in female students (P=0.020). In this study, vitamin D supplementation was able to significantly reduce the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in students (P=0.040). Also, results showed that clinical examination has a negative news value, meaning that most of those who were diagnosed in a healthy clinical examination after blood tests also found that they were healthy and that they had no iron deficiency anemia.

According to the results obtained by conducting a clinical examination and diagnosing healthy people, people do not need blood tests to determine the condition of iron deficiency anemia and can be prevented from wasting funds.

Background and Object:

 Nurses play a vital role in dealing with the COVID-19 crisis, considering that the high level of knowledge and ability of nurses in dealing with this crisis accelerates the recovery process of patients and promotes the health level of the community. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of virtual training package for nurses' scientific empowerment against covid-19 crisis.

The study consisted of descriptive cross-sectional and semi-experimental two phases study population including 256 nurses in spring 2021 in one of the selected hospitals in Tehran. Data collection scales, were demographic questionnaires and four-choice test Researcher made. Virtual training package was prepared with the purpose of nurses understanding of COVID-19, prevention, diagnostic, Treatment and nursing care methods and education during discharge in the form of multimedia educational files. 63 nurses whose scores were lower than the average of the society were divided into two groups of 32 interventions and 31   controls by block random allocation method. One month after the intervention, post-test was performed and the data were analyzed using descriptive-analytical statistics using SPSS software version 26.  

The scores of nurses' empowerment in the experimental group before the intervention was 7/96(2/96)   and after the intervention was 23/96(1/28) and in the control group before the intervention was 8/96(2/58) and after the intervention was9/62(2/47). according to the results, the scores of both groups before the intervention were not significantly different (P=0/169(but after the intervention, there was a significant difference (P<0/001) the score of nurses who used virtual training package had a significant increase.

Virtual training is a suitable method for empowering nurses against with COVID-19 crisis. This study was conducted to meet the needs of medical and educational centers to improve nurses' knowledge and capability against COVID-19 crisis. In this study, while determine the level of nurses' scientific empowerment, the effectiveness of virtual training on nurses' empowerment in these conditions was investigated and confirmed.

Background and Object:

 One of the effective ways to involve and participate people in health behaviors, including physical activity behavior, is providing health messages. The purpose of this study is to Comparing gain- and loss-framed message on the level of physical activity of women employees of universities and higher education institutions in Ahvaz city.

In this three-group intervention study, 105 female employees of universities and higher education institutions in Ahvaz city were randomly selected into three groups: recipients of gain -framed message, recipients of Loss-framed message and control groups were divided. The data collection tool in this study was the demographic information questionnaire and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Information was collected from the three groups in 3 times, pre interventional stage, immediately and 2 months after the intervention. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS 26 software.

The age average of the Participants was 38.4 ± 5.3 years. Before the intervention, mean scores for physical activity was5436.66±3950.05 in the gain-framed message group, in the loss-framed messages group was 5583.91±3922.25. Two months after the education, mean scores for physical activity in both the loss-framed messages and gain-framed messages groups showed a significant increase compared to the control group (P=0.004). Two months after the education, physical activity score in the gain-framed messages group was 8338.63±4395.07, in the loss-framed messages group was 6415.10±3909. It was also shown that this increase in the mean score of physical activity in gain message group is significantly more than the Loss message group (P=0.04).

The results of this study showed that, designing and implementing educational programs based on message framing can improve and promote physical activity behavior in female employees.

Hypertension significantly increases the risk of heart, brain, kidney, and other diseases. This study aims to investigate the effect of educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) on the salt intake of people at risk of hypertension in Anar city, Rafsanjan.

The present semi-experimental study was conducted among 141 participants (intervention group=70, control group=71) with a random sampling method. Data were collected by a questionnaire based on TPB before and two months after the intervention, and the amount of daily salt intake was evaluated through a 24-hour urine test. The intervention program was held virtually in six training sessions. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 18 software using Chi-square, Independent t-test, and Paired t-test at significant level of 0.05.

After the implementation of the educational program, the independent t-test showed a significant difference between the mean score of the theory constructs of the two groups and the amount of salt intake (7.63 grams per day in the intervention group vs. 12.01 in the control group) (P<0.05). The highest change was in behavioral beliefs (+21.42) and the lowest change in perceived power structure (+1.87).

According to the results, the current educational program was effective in reducing the amount of salt intake. Therefore, it is suggested to provide educational programs in person with the active participation of other family members (significant others) with the aim of empowering the family to control and monitor the salt intake.

Background and Object:

 Menopause is a turning point for many women and is associated with many changes in the field of sexual function and marital satisfaction. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the sexual function and marital satisfaction of migrant women during menopause in the suburbs.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 on 235 postmenopausal married immigrant women with an age range of 46-65 years. To conduct this study, 3 questionnaires including demographic information, sexual function questionnaire and marital satisfaction questionnaire were used. The collected data were entered into SPSS software version 21 and analyzed.

Based on the results obtained in this study, the mean± SD (Standard deviation) of sexual function and marital satisfaction in the participants in this study was 12.9±7.2 and 128.3±10.1 respectively. There was a statistically significant relationship between the variables of education level of the participants and their spouses, spouse's occupation and income status with the sexual function of postmenopausal migrant women(P<0.05). It should be noted that the correlation between sexual function and marital satisfaction was equal to 0.378 (P<0.001).

Based on the results of this study, postmenopausal migrant women did not have optimal sexual function. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to sex education with an emphasis on factors affecting sexual function during menopause.

Background and Object:

 Health tourism is the future of tourism, on this basis, the investigation around it is a fundamental and important issue, and in this regard, this research was formed with the aim of designing a health tourism marketing model and its effect on attracting tourism in health villages.

The method of this research was synthesis Study. On the study review approach in the subject area and therefore the community of this research was all domestic and foreign articles and researches in the range of 2010 to 2021, after the initial selection of 69 researches, 23 researches were included in the final review Research started.

The findings showed that in the context of influencing the health tourism marketing model and its impact on attracting tourism, based on the initial investigations, three general categories can be inferred and investigated in the indicators influencing the health tourism marketing model. These steps include three basic dimensions of international marketing (international introduction); Marketing elements and facilities are available. In this context, 3 main dimensions were identified based on 25 themes and 103 sub-themes, and the identified classes were presented with more indicators.

  Based on the findings obtained in the design of the health tourism marketing model and its effect on attracting tourism in the health villages, attention should be paid to the infrastructure, facilities and conditions along with the general marketing model

Background and Object: 

Healthy children achieve better educational outcomes, which in turn is associated with improved health later in life. Health promotion schools The World Health Organization is a comprehensive research to promote health and academic achievement in schools. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of education provided in health promotion schools on various aspects of students' health.

The present study was a systematic review. Four international databases, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and domestic Magi ran and SID databases, as well as the Google Scholar search engine, were searched using various keywords related to health-promoting schools. The risk of bias was reduced with the participation of two authors who assessed the quality of the study and the eligibility of the articles included.

After searching the databases, a total of 1213 articles were found. The age of the students ranged from 5 to 18 years, all studies reported the age and sex of the participants. No studies had long-term follow-up (more than 24 months). Among the studies, 6 studies received positive and significant results from the educational interventions provided in health promotion schools, and 2 studies from the educational intervention did not receive their expected results.

According to the results of this systematic review, studies in the field of health promotion schools do not have the necessary quantity and quality. Considering the importance of health promotion schools, it is necessary to conduct more quality studies and support measures from related organizations in this field.