COVID-19 disease is considered a respiratory disorder that can affect many body systems, including the hemostasis system, so in this review article, according to the latest findings, we investigate the role of the blood coagulation system in COVID-19 infection.

In this review study, the articles were searched in Medline database using keywords such as “Respiratory infection”, “COVID-19”, “Coagulopathy” .

Ethical Considerations:

 Ethical principles in writing this article have been observed in accordance with the guidelines of the National Ethics Committee and the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

In December 2019, a sudden outbreak of acute respiratory syndrome caused by a new type of coronavirus was reported for the first time in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The World Health Organization (WHO) named this virus COVID-19 and the International Committee on Classification of Viruses (ICTV) named it SARS-CoV-2. Many changes in the coagulation profile of COVID-19 patients have been reported, which include changes in the number of platelets as well as changes in coagulation indices such as FDP, D-Dimer, fibrinogen, PT and PTT. With the increase in the number of patients with COVID-19 infection, researchers found out the occurrence of thrombosis and coagulopathy in patients with COVID-19 through numerous investigations.

Due to the increase in the occurrence of coagulation disorders in COVID-19 patients, the administration of anticoagulants is necessary as one of the important arms of the treatment of patients with COVID-19 and can play an effective role in improving the prognosis of patients.

Adropin is a new hormone which improves lipid metabolism and recently it found to play important role in the vascular protection. So, the aim of current study was to determine the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on Adropin and Nitric Oxide metabolites in overweight men.  

Type of the current study was quasi-experimental with a pre-and post-test design. Subjects were 32 overweight men (the average age about 30.5±3.07 years old and the average BMI 27.93±4.2). After subject selection, VO2peak test was accomplished and participants were randomly divided into two groups; HIIT (16 men) and control (16 men). HIIT group performed 8 weeks HIIT (3d/wk) with 20 repetitions × 30 s scatterd by 13 s recovery intervals in each session. Body composition and blood sampling assessments were performed (using a bio-impedance body compostion analyzer as well as ELISA kits, respoctivwly) in pre- and post-test occasions. All data analysis were done by repeated-measures ANOVA and set at p<0.05. 

Ethical Considerations:

 All procedures of this study were approved by the ethical and scientific committee at the authors' university (IR.ut.Rec.1395007) and confirmed to internationally accepted ethical standards and outlined in the declaration of Helsinki.

The result of the current study was illustrated a significant difference between Adropin of HIIT and control groups (0.88±0.256: 95% CI; 0.369-1.4 ng/ml). Also, there was a significant difference between Nitric Oxide metabolites of HIIT and control groups (7.5±3.03: 95% CI; 1.3-13.6 ng/ml). Also, there was a positive relationship between Adropin and Nitric Oxide metabolites in overweight men (r=0.498, p=0.0001).   

It seems that HIIT can attenuate cardiovascular diseases via an increase in Adropin and Nitric Oxide. Also, it seems that HIIT may induce improvements in cardiovascular fitness (VO2peak) and body composition of men with overweight.

Growing evidence, shows that vitamin D deficiency and weight gain are associated with impaired physical and mental well-being. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Pilates training and vitamin D supplementation on quality of life and mental health of overweight men.

This study was a randomized clinical trial performed by pre-test and post-test design. Initially, 50 overweight men were selected by convenience sampling method and then randomly divided into 4 groups including control, exercise, vitamin D and combined groups. The exercise and combined groups performed 8 weeks of Pilates training with the intensity of 50-75% of reserve heart rate, 3sessions/week. The vitamin D and combined groups received 50,000 IU vitamin D/week. Research tools were included the quality of life (SF-36) and general health (GHQ) questionnaires. The data were analyzed by paired t test, one way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis tests (p˂0.05).

 Ethical Considerations:

 This study with research ethics code IR.IAU.BABOL.REC.1398.088 has been approved by research ethics committee at Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Iran

Vitamin D status in subjects was lower than normal (less than 30 ng/ml). Eight weeks of Pilates training, vitamin D intake and the combined intervention were associated with a significant improve in quality of life )10.57%, 9.26% and 15.75%, respectively (and the increased mental health (12.66%, 10.72% and 17.90%, respectively). However, the effect of combined intervention focused method was more noticeable on the quality of life (p<0.001) and mental health (p<0.001) compared with two other interventions.

Based on the findings, it seems that any of the Pilates training, vitamin D and combination interventions can improve the quality of life and mental health in overweight people with low levels of vitamin D, but the combination intervention is more effective on these variables.

Recently, a myokine called irisin has been discovered that affects glucose, obesity, metabolism and glucose homeostasis by browning white adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 4 weeks of ginger supplementation on irisin, insulin resistance index and lipid profile of obese women following acentocentric and concentric activity.

Forty girls with body mass index above 30 kg / m2, age 24.86 2 2.87 years, height 159.66 4 4.20 cm and weight 87.42 61 4.61 kg participated in the study. After measuring the maximum oxygen consumption of the subjects Were randomly divided into five groups of supplements and medications. The training protocol consisted of two sessions of acute eccentric and concentric activity. The supplement group consumed 2 g of ginger powder daily for 4 weeks. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after each activity. Data were analyzed using dependent t-test and one-way analysis of variance.

Ethical considerations:

 This study was registered with IRCT201104246178N1 code in Iran Clinical Trial System and all participants received written consent to participate in the study.

According to the results of the statistical test on irisin, it was found that the amount of irisin, insulin of this hormone between two types of eccentric and concentric activities of all groups increased significantly and the amount of glucose decreased significantly (P<0.05).It was also found that changes in insulin resistance index between the two types of exercise in all groups had a slight and non-significant increase (P> 0.05). TG and LDL levels decreased significantly (P <0.05) and the results also showed that changes in Tcol levels between the two types of exercise groups decreased significantly (P> 0.05) and complementary groups had a significant decrease (P <0.05).

Based on the results, it is suggested that long-term consumption of ginger along with regular exercise can be an effective treatment for lowering glucose and favorable changes in irisin, insulin resistance and lipid profile in obese women.

Most heart diseases show symptoms on ECG, but diagnosing heart disease with ECG requires the knowledge and experience of medical specialized. Because these specialists may not always be available, it is necessary to design tools to diagnose heart disease in these situations.

In this paper, a two-stage approach based on artificial neural networks is designed to diagnose heart disease using ECG information.

To design the proposed approach, first ECG information for 861 refers to a number of medical centers in Arak city is collected and and data consulted is proccesed by specialists. Then 154 features from ECG as input variables in proposed approach has been specified. In the first stage of approach, an artificial neural network is designed to detect the status of the ECG in two situation as usable and unusable. Then, in the second stage, using the usable ECG information, an artificial neural network is designed to diagnose the presence or absence of heart disease. Finally, the performance of the two-stage approach is evaluated and its accuracy and precision in determining the status of the ECG as well as the disease status is determined.

Results:

 In the proposed approach, the neural network for the determining of ECG status has an precision of 97.1% and an accuracy of 97.3%, and also the neural network for the diagnosis of heart disease has an precision of 95.8% and an accuracy of 95.4%.

Considering the high effeciency of the proposed approach in the determining of ECG status and also diagnosing heart disease, it is possible to use this approach as a reliable assistant to assist the treatment staff.

Children's emotional and social problems are associated with the main indicators of delinquency in adolescents, violence in adults and anxiety disorders.

This study aimed to investigate the role of parental stress and perceived social support in predicting children's psychosocial problems. The present study was based on the purpose of the applied type and based on the data collection method was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population in this study included all parents (including children) referring to health centers in Pardis in 1399 who have children under 5 years old, from which 230 people were selected by available sampling method. Measurement tools included Parental Stress Questionnaire (Abdin, 1990), Social Support Questionnaire (Zimet et al., 1988) and Rutter et al. (1975). For data analysis, multiple regression was used simultaneously with SPSS software version 25.

The results showed that the components of parental stress and social support had a significant role in predicting children's psychosocial problems; So that 44.7% and 8.9% of the variance of children's psychosocial problems were explained by parental stress and social support, respectively.

Therefore, the results of this study can be used to design care programs for families with children with emotional and social problems.

Old age is a significant period in life and due to the development of science and improvement in health conditions, the number of elderly participants is increasing in various societies. To promote the adjustment of the elderly population in the society, it is necessary to pay attention to their life satisfaction and attitudes toward aging elderly. Therefore, the present study aimed at effectiveness of psychological empowerment on life satisfaction and attitudes toward aging elderly women in Tehran city.

The statistical population included all women aged 60 to 70 years in Tehran in 1399-1400. 24 participants (12 in the control group and 12 in the experimental group) were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups by available sampling method. Using a pre-test and post-test pilot design with a control group, the elderly first completed life satisfaction and attitudes toward aging questionnaires and then performed a psychological application of psychological empowerment in 8 sessions on the experimental group and after the post-test sessions for both groups was presented. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to analyze the data using SPSSV19 software.

Ethical Considerations: 

This study was approved by Research Ethics Committee of Arak of Azad University (Code: IR.IAU.ARAK.REC.1400.027).

The results showed that psychological empowerment training program on life satisfaction (F = 9.673 and p = 0.006) and attitudes toward aging (F = 8.385 and p = 0.009) between the two groups in two stages. Evaluation has made a significant difference. This means that the psychological empowerment program promoted life satisfaction and attitudes toward aging.

Based on the results of this study, it can be said that psychological empowerment program is effective on life satisfaction and aging attitude of older women and the knowledge of experts in the fields of counseling, aging, psychology and health of these trainings can be helpful.

The significant increase in the use of pesticides has increased the concern about its possible harm to individual health and the environment. Chronic inflammation with some pesticides and insecticides has serious effects on different organs of the body even before clinical symptoms appear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate biochemical findings in the insecticide production factory in Guilan province, Iran.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 99 workers exposed to insecticides and 107 people without exposure in an insecticide production factory in Guilan with an available sampling method during 2020. Demographical data and clinical charaterictics of participants, such as symptoms of chronic insecticide poisoning, focusing on the respiratory system (cough, shortness of breath, etc.), neurological system (fatigue, tremors, cramps, muscle weakness, etc), the psychological system (sleep disorder, anxiety, etc.) and the skin system (redness, itching, etc.) were collected from the occupational health records of the employees. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 16).

The results of this study showed that the frequency of symptoms such as headache, skin itching, cough, and sleep disorder was higher in the exposure group (P<0.05). Based on the biochemical findings, blood urea and creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, and fasting blood sugar levels were significantly higher in the exposure group than in the non-exposure group (P<0.05). Thrombocytosis was observed in 9.09% of workers in the exposed group and it was more common in workers with more than 11 years of work experience.

Chronic exposure to insecticides may cause thrombosis and changes in biochemical indicators such as increased blood urea and creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, and fasting blood sugar, and may be associated with clinical symptoms such as headache, itching, cough, and sleep disturbance. Be it is suggested that various types of biological monitoring should be done in workers exposed to insecticides in various time duration.

This research investigates the possibility of nurses' job autonomy and its effect on job satisfaction of nurse's quality of care.

 This study was a practical, descriptive and correlational one.  The statistical population was the nursing staff of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Arak, where nurses of intensive care units, internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics and neonatal, gynecology, orthopedics and emergency hospitals were selected as the statistical population and other wards due to differences in performance of out-of-study study. And 101 people were selected. The data collection tool was Moghimi and Kramer and Schmalenberg questionnaires. The results of this study were analyzed by SPSS software.

 study results revealed that the mean level of nurses 'autonomy was 3.16 with a standard deviation of 0.35, which indicated a desirable level of nurses' autonomy. Limited autonomy applies to all departments. In the internal ward, autonomy is Unsanctioned Autonomy and autonomous in the surgical ward was Autonomous Nursing Care Action.The regression pattern was significant for all wards except the internal ward, with an increase of one unit in "Limited Autonomy in the intensive care unit", " Autonomous Nursing Care Action in the surgical department" and " Limited Autonomy" in the wards of Pediatric and neonatal, gynecology, orthopedics and inpatient emergency among nurses of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Arak in the amount of 0.253, 0.187, 0.522, 0.205, 0.466 and 0.129" Care "has been added.

Nursing autonomy as an organizational feature, along with several other factors, leads to an increase in the quality of patient care and to achieve these beneficial results, nursing managers need to empower nurses and provide an environment to apply their knowledge in self-help practice

The internationalization of higher education is now considered as an effective strategy to meet the diverse needs of a globalized society, one of the factors determining the failure or success of its performance is the organizational culture of universities. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between organizational culture factors in the internationalization of Iranian universities.

The research is a quantitative type and the statistical population of this study consisted of experts, policy makers, implementers and internationalists of universities. The researcher-made questionnaire was designed as a self-report form and contained closed-ended questions and was completed by 124 higher education experts and international higher education professionals. In the quantitative stage, structural equation modeling and first- and second-order factor analysis were performed using SPSS and AMOS software.

Ethical Considerations:

The article is taken from the doctoral dissertation on organizational behavior with the identification code IR.IAU.RASHT.REC.1400.035 approved by the Islamic Azad University on 1400/11/12

According to the output of AMOS software, the order of the factors forming the internationalization model of higher education based on factor load shows the highest factor related to the factor of communication and interaction with factor load (1.03) And the lowest factor load is related to human, physical and financial resources with a factor load (0.87).

University culture is meaningful at the level of the university community and departments and in the interaction between them, and refers to the ways of communication and interaction between university members and is considered as one of the influential factors in higher education policies that play an important role in systemic and strategic thinking. , A process, global and creative between university administrators and staff capabilities and university visibility in terms of accreditation results and ranking plays an important role in the internationalization of universities.

Sciatica is one of the most common diseases of the peripheral nervous system and may be caused by pressure on the sciatic nerve itself. Due to the fact that piriformis muscle located near the sciatic nerve, piriformis spasm imports pressure on nerve, it causes sciatica and eventually piriformis syndrome. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of core stability exercises on pain and inflammation in patients with piriformis syndrome.

The statistical population of this study consisted of patients with piriformis syndrome referred to medical centers in Arak, from which 20 people were purposefully selected and randomly divided into two groups of 10 control and experimental located. The experimental group practiced core stability exercises for 6 weeks and the control group continued to lead a normal life during this period. In order to investigate the differences between the groups, T-Test, Chi-Square and McNemar's Test were used at a significance level of 0.05.

Ethical considerations: 

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences with the ID IR.ARAKMU.REC.1400.157 and received a clinical trial code from the University of Medical Sciences of Iran with the code IRCT20211003052662N1, after approval by the Arak University Educational Council. In order to ensure the voluntary participation of the subjects, the consent form of participation in the project with the relevant provisions has been selected from them.

After implementing the exercise protocol, at the end of the sixth week, the average pain scores in the control group decreased from 95.2 in the pre-test to 90.7 in the post-test, which was not statistically significant (P=0.562), while In the experimental group, these scores decreased from 91.7 to 33.4, and this decrease is statistically significant (P=0.0); Therefore, it can be said with 95% confidence that core stability exercises have a significant effect on the pain of patients with piriformis syndrome at a significance level of 0.05. On the other hand, the number of people who had an inflamed nerve in the control group decreased from 10 people in the pre-test to 8 people in the post-test, and this decrease was not statistically significant (P=0.5), while in the experimental group, these people out of 10 people decreased to 2 people, and this decrease is statistically significant (P=0.008); Therefore, it can be said with 95% confidence that core stability exercises had a significant effect on the inflammation of patients with piriformis syndrome at a significance level of 0.05.

According to the findings of the present study and considering the conditions prevailing in the research samples, it can be concluded that core stability exercises improve pain and inflammation in patients with piriformis syndrome And considering the unique principles and characteristics of core stability exercises, their acceptance and positive effect among the subjects, it is hoped that these exercises will be used more and more in the treatment process of these patients.

 Crisis management is an important field of management, especially in the field of health. This study aims to investigate the factors affecting the development of disaster management mechanisms in hospitals of Arak, Iran.

 In this regard, 240 questionnaires were distributed among hospital and nursing managers in Arak. The questionnaire had acceptable reliability with Cronbach’ alpha  value of 0.897. 

 This study was approved by the ethics committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (code: 1274.1401.REC.ARAKMU.IR). 

 Then, by using structural equation modeling in LISREL software, the designed model was analyzed. Finally, by using statistical tests, the research hypotheses were examined. 

 The results showed the significant effect of three factors of “lack of stability in business environment”, “risk taking”, and “organizational culture” on the development of the mechanism of crisis management.