مجله مطالعات مدیریت راهبردی دفاع ملی
پیاپی 24 (زمستان 1401)

Performance Appraisal is at the heart of organizations' HRM system. The central problem in designing the performance appraisal is to identify the appraisal criteria.The aim of this study is to identify the general criteria for evaluating employees’ performance based on Nahj al-Balagha. The inductive method of Thematic Analysis was utilized. After extracting meaning units from Nahj al-Balagha and performing coding as the data analysis method of this research, the initial model of research was introduced. Then according to the tenets of theoretical sampling as the sampling method of this research, different parts of Nahj al-Balagha were reanalyzed. The results show that according to Nahj al-Balagha general criteria for evaluating employees’ performance consists of: 1) Endurance and hope, 2) Insight, 3) Developing employees , 4) Advice taking and collectivism, 5) Truthfulness، 6) Generosity, 7) Justice in behavior and decision, 8) Pragmatism and acion orientation, 9) Modesty, 10) Decisiveness and courage, 11) Contentment and animosity to aristocracy, 12) Pleasant speech, 13) Gentleness, 14) Promotion of unity, 15) Loyalty, and 16) Adherence to Vilayat. Each of these criteria include multiple sub criteria which will be discussed in this article. Results show that the general performance evaluation criteria of Nahj al-Balagha coupled with specific criteria of each organization and job could constitute the basis for competency based human resource management.

The present study aims to synthesize literature related to future research in the higher education system in order to identify the components of future research development in the higher education system. This research is applied in terms of purpose and has been done with a qualitative meta-combined method. The statistical population is all studies conducted in the period 1380-1400. In this regard, 51 researches in the field of the subject were evaluated and finally 29 articles were purposefully selected and by analyzing the content and composition of the relevant literature, a total of 220 codes, 14 concepts, 8 key categories were identified and analyzed during the search process and systematic combination of texts. The results of the analysis showed that the most important key components identified include: education, entrepreneurship, internationalization, technology, research, human resources, structural and environmental compatibility. This research is one of the first researches that comprehensively and extensively studies and analyzes the components of future research in the higher education system through the synthesis of studies and provides new, comprehensive, accurate and valuable insights in this field with a deep understanding of its nature. Has been shown to be effective in the future development of research in the country's higher education system.

In this applied research, the nature, dimensions, and scope of Iranian Islamic civilization were explained and a suitable proposed model for civilization and its leadership was presented. First, through documentary study, the nature, dimensions, and scope of Iranian Islamic civilization were conceptualized. The results of the above research were evaluated and approved through the Delphi method (23 experts). According to this model, the process of civilization begins with public culture and then with soft architecture, the stages of humanization and community building, and the two components of Islamic culture (Ahl al-Bayt) and Iranian culture using influence during the mixed time and new cultural structure. The cultural structure has a soft and intertwined texture (including a balanced blend of Shia Islamic and Iranian culture) that integrates the mental achievements of society. The structure of civilization is made of hard material and transforms the elements and features institutionalized in the cultural structure with the use of authority over time into objective, logical, regular, and orderly external structures and realities. Cultural and civilizational structures are the nuclei of the soft and hard power of the Islamic Republic, respectively, and under the guidance and leadership and ijtihad of the Supreme Leader of the Revolution, they achieve a balance based on the conditions of time and place and become intelligent power. The reverse engineering process at this stage as a damage can by soft analysis and re-engineering and then re-engineering the elements of public culture, the structure of civilization changes the control and is led by enemies (cultural invasion). The structure of civilization reaches the "utopia of Iranian Islamic civilization" by safely passing through reverse and re-engineering and deviant cities of heresy, depravity, and ignorance, and having the components of Iranian Islamic civilization. After this stage, and if he is not caught in the city of exchange and observes the general and modern patterns and indicators of Islamic civilization, he can achieve the strategic goal of "modern Islamic civilization". This goal has been set by the Supreme Leader of the Revolution in line with the roadmap of the vision of the world government of justice of Hazrat Mahdi for the whole Islamic society. Therefore, this model is a roadmap.

Around the world, various strategies are used to evaluate policies and reduce the problems and immorality caused by the flawed implementation of policies. The main purpose of this study was to identify the dimensions and components and to present a model for evaluating higher education policies based on the general policies of the system in the field of education. The present study is a basic research of its descriptive-analytical method. Data were extracted from related literature and literature and in-depth semi-structured interviews. Interviews were conducted with 13 experts in the field of higher education and policy-making in a purposeful manner until the stage of theoretical saturation. Independent coders were used to receive feedback from the interviewees.To analyze the data, concepts were extracted in three stages. Accordingly, 8 relational codes (inclusive theme), 26 interpretive codes (organizing theme) were identified and extracted from 106 descriptive codes (basic theme) related to the evaluation model of higher education policies based on the general policies of the system in the field of education... To be more confident and do a little method to validate the proposed model, in a wider circle and with more people who are experts, experts and stakeholders in the field of higher education, this section was done and finally using LISREL software The results of the data became useful and purposeful information in order to answer the main questions of the research.

Friday prayer is one of the basic foundations of maintaining the political system and one of the acts of worship that crystallizes the socio-political nature of the Islamic system more than any other form of worship. In order to use Islamic texts and the views of Velayat-e-Faqih in theorizing, the data approach of the Foundation was used, focusing on data analysis on the discourse of Velayat-e-Faqih based on the orders of Imam Khomeini (may God have mercy on him) and Imam Khamenei (as) and Based on his orders and review of upstream documents, data were collected and analyzed using qualitative content analysis method and data theory method (Grand Theory).The results of this research on the purposes of Friday prayers include maintaining and deepening the faith of the people, unity and cohesion, strengthening the Islamic system and guiding public opinion. Enmity, bowing to divine rites and governing values are some of the major policies in managing Friday prayers.

One of the important issues that organizations face is the issue of effective decision making in different stages of the organization''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''s activities. It is the right or wrong decision that determines the survival or death of the organization and in today''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''s world determines the fate of the organization. Because of the importance of decision making in organizations, the need for methods to evaluate the effectiveness of decisions in organizations increases. Therefore, in this research, a comprehensive model for measuring the effectiveness of decisions is presented through an extensive review of the subject literature using the theme analysis method. After identifying the indicators of effective decision, questionnaires were designed and distributed among a group of experts in the organization who were selected by purposeful judgment, and based on their opinions, the model for evaluating the effectiveness of decisions in three consecutive stages using the Delphi method. Fuzzy was finalized. The model has 1 dimension, 4 components and 24 indicators and can be used as a suitable framework for evaluating the effectiveness of decisions made in different organizations. Finally, in order to determine the appropriateness of the proposed model and its compliance with the needs and requirements of each organization, using the Mikhailov hierarchical analysis method, the coefficients of importance of each of the dimensions and indicators in the model in the Mashhad Social Security Organization And the results were reported.

Scientific influence is one of the forms and components of soft war, which hinders scientific development by disrupting the thoughts and goals of elites. Therefore, appropriate strategies should be adopted to deal with it. The guiding pillars are one of the main determinants to formulate the strategy. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to design the guiding pillars to tackle with the scientific influence of the enemy in the universities. This is an applied study in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of method.In the first step, the elements and dimensions of the guiding elements of dealing with scientific influence were identified by the library method and literature review, and the mission, values, vision, principles and strategic goals were analyzed. Then, in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 scientific influence experts who were selected with purposive sampling method. In next step, new statements of mission, vision and goals of universities were developed to tackle with scientific influence using with the expert consensus method. Universities and higher education centers can design strategies to combat scientific influence after local and regional situation analysis and based on these guiding pillars to not allow enemies to reach their goals by following the valuable thoughts of the Supreme Leader of the Revolution Imam Khamenei and strengthening the revolutionary insight.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of spiritual leadership on organizational happiness with the mediating role of psychological empowerment. The type of research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of nature and method.The statistical population of the study was all employees of Sangan Iron Ore Complex with 480 people. According to Morgan table, 214 people were selected as a statistical sample by simple random sampling. Data were collected using three standard questionnaires: spiritual leadership, organizational happiness and psychological empowerment. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for questionnaires was 0.93, 0.90 and 0.92 and reliability was confirmed. Also, the content validity of the questionnaires was approved by the professors. Data were analyzed in two parts: escriptive statistics and inferential statistics using Spss25 and Smartpls3 software. The results showed that spiritual leadership has a positive and significant effect on organizational happiness and psychological empowerment of employees. Psychological empowerment has a positive and significant effect on organizational happiness. Psychological empowerment also mediates the impact of spiritual leadership on organizational happiness.

Innovation is creative and operational thinking that leads to the improvement of processes. Strategic entrepreneurship is an activity for market development through process or product innovation. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of innovation on strategic entrepreneurship. This research is applied and descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the research included the top and strategic managers of National Cartographic Center and experts in the number of 220 statistical units, and using Cochran's formula, the sample size was determined to be 136 units. The method of collecting data related to the three research hypotheses of structural, behavioral and contextual dimensions is through sampling and the tools used are reliable and valid research questionnairY, interviews, library studies, internet and review of National Cartographic Center reports.
The research results indicate a positive and significant relationship between innovation and strategic entrepreneurship and the direct impact of innovation on strategic entrepreneurship, and the general indicators show the fitness of good of the model presented using the data.
According to the evaluation of innovation indicators and conceptual model, the results show; Among the three main components, the dimension of structural factors with 94.5%; then behavioral factors with 90.52%; Next, contextual factors with 89.70% respectively have a necessary factor effect and are effective on strategic entrepreneurship, and National Cartographic Center needs to pay more attention to these dimensions in order to increase entrepreneurial capabilities.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of social support in reducing job indifference of police officers. The present study is considered in terms of applied purpose (in the field of organizational behavior) and in terms of the method of correlation work, which has been done through regression analysis during the years 1400-1388 at the level of specialized police personnel in Tehran. And the sample population includes 730 employees present at their service who have been selected based on Cochran's formula and completely randomly. In regression analysis (using Enter method), a significant model was obtained (adjusted coefficient of determination = 23.5%, N = 288, P <0.001). This model can explain 23.5% of changes in job indifference by independent variables, components of emotional support and social assistance and cooperation are significant predictors of job indifference, but the variable of social acknowledgment is not a significant predictor and It has no significant effect. The standardized regression coefficient for the emotional support predictor variable is -0.36 and with a negative impact and predictor variable and for social assistance and cooperation is -0.18 and negative. Specialized police in the city of Tehran need to adopt an approach to the development of a duty culture, and in this regard, they must implement long-term and codified programs.

Implementation of the strategic plans will lead to building culture and institutionalization of participatory management, process management and strategic thinking in management of organizations. This paper presents a heuristic method for establishing and achieving the goals of knowledge management at Project-based contracting companies through strategic planning and balanced scorecard methodology. In this research, strategies have been planned and monitored by Balanced Scorecard tool. This tool will establish a balance between organization approaches and goals, including desired goals of knowledge management and its approaches. Sepasad group have been used strategic management process in order to integrate other organizational improvement systems and activities. By this process, it seeks to create a harmony and alignment between the different management approaches such as knowledge management, organizational excellence, project management, etc. Firstly, the role of organizational factors and drivers for change, especially project and knowledge management, will be described regarding to its conceptual model that has been developed in this group. Secondly, balanced scorecard and its four perspectives and also the situation of knowledge management approaches toward this four perspectives will be described. Thirdly, the relationships of knowledge management approaches and balanced scorecard perspectives will be described. Finally, the implementation model of knowledge management in terms of balance scorecard will be explained using the World Award MAKE. The model presented in this paper is exclusively for implementing knowledge management through Balanced Scorecard in project-oriented construction companies.

The operation of gas production in the ninth refinery of the SPGC  leads to the production of specific waste, which can threaten the health of the workforce and the national eco-biological wealth. The research aim is to identify, separate, and investigate the consequences of environmental aspects and eco-biological threats and prioritize and classify specific wastes to help HSE managers and experts in the process of planning and implementing eco-biological defense to eliminate or reduce the threats and the aspects.In this research, after collecting the required data, 8 specific waste items were identified in processing units of the refineries. Then, the data were analyzed with the help of documentation and experts’ consultation, and the EFMEA  method was utilized to assess the risk and consequences of the aspects. As a result, the highest RPN, 576 for cleaning the sewage treatment plant and the lowest RPN, 180 for the dryer replacement of unit 123, were assigned.Also, according to the risk criteria and the range of the RPN interval and the percentage of the frequency of waste activities to each other, 7 activities (about 54%) at the high level, 3 activities (about 23%) at the medium level, and 3 activities (about 23%) at the low level of specific waste risk were placed. Consequently, given the research outcomes, the experts can make solutions to reduce and control the type and volume of waste in production sites based on the cost-benefit principle.

The present study has discovered the effective factors of online policy-making in Vedja Cooperative Foundation. The philosophy of this interpretive research is qualitative approach and its strategy is the Grounded Theory based on Glaser's apparent approach. The population studied in this study was the staff of the Vedja Cooperative Foundation. In this regard, in-depth interviews were conducted with 22 senior managers and experts of the organization who understood the concepts related to policy-making and had the necessary and sufficient knowledge about its components and characteristics. The data analysis method is based on content analysis method and the results of interview analysis and coding in two stages of real and theoretical coding showed that the policy model includes organizational actors, extra-organizational actors and value creation. Each of these components includes categories that were included in a total of 3 components and 15 categories. In general, according to the components of the policy model in this native study, in order to policy in the organization, the components of this model is a roadmap so that the right decisions can be made in the organization to plan the factors affecting It paid attention and considered them in order to achieve the goals of the foundation. The consequences enumerated in this model give the necessary motivation to the managers of the Ministry of Defense and the Foundation, in order to make policies so that they can create value with the right policies in the organization and the country.

Important key words have always been used in the Supreme Leader’s Speeches, which fully convey the meaning of Iran's power, strength and standing against global arrogance and the nation's effort and jihad to preserve the system, Islamic and national values, and authority in the region. The term "Explanation Jihad" which was expressed in 2021, is one of the practical solutions to preserve the system. Therefore, in this research, in order to discover the different dimensions of the concept of Explanation Jihad, using the method of thematic analysis, the Supreme Leader’s Speeches from the beginning to the present day have been referred to. In this research, 15 main themes and 60 sub-themes were identified in 4 categories including the purpose of explanation (religious beliefs, Islamic culture and national history, basic values, patterns of behavior and national achievements), explanation requirements (religious nature, moral and legal nature, behavioral executive nature), explanation strategies (audience studies, optimal use of tools and media, everyone's responsibility, education and development) and explanation consequences (maintaining the system, active participation of the nation, problem solving) are categorized.