فصلنامه ادبیات و زبانهای محلی ایران زمین
سال دوازدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 38، زمستان 1401)

Kohpayeh, Vir and Qahpayeh as old names, is a city located seventy kilometers east of Isfahan and on the edge of the central desert of Iran. The geographical and natural position of Kohpayeh, based on the historical evidence is the leftover of the Sasanian era, along with the preservation of the Pahlavi language, and the speech of the people of this city, has indicated the antiquity and cultural richness of Kohpayeh. The authors of this article have investigated the verb morphological structure of this dialect with the aim to preserve and to introduce a part of the ancient Kupaee dialect. This research has been conducted in a descriptive-analytical way and the data were collected based on library sources and the field of research. The results of the research show that the verb structure in the Kupaee dialect has significant differences with the standard Persian language. In the Kupaie dialect, the construction of the present participle and the structure of future and imperative verbs do not follow any special rules. The position of the identifier in the verbs of past tense in this dialect is also not the same; means that the identifier in the simple past, past perfect, and present perfect tenses come before the root and in the rest of the verbs comes after the root.

Work is the foundation of life in rural and agricultural communities. Villagers or nomads begin their labor early in the morning and work until late at night. They spend their whole lives for work, and producing. As a result, leisure and vacation are uncommon in such societies. Existing a continuous link between labor and effort in these people's life is a clear and convincing motivation for them to whisper lyrics and poems throughout their long and laborious hard work. By doing so, they can either enjoy their work or motivate others to accomplish their task. Although these lyrics or poems are present in all aspects of these people's lives, the lyrics and songs concerning farming have a particular atmosphere. Because farming and animal ranching has always been the primary activities of the people in Lorestan, they make specific lyrics for each aspect of these ones. The majority of these lyrics and poems are about asking God to produce more crops, thanking God for the harvests, and boosting assurance to keep working. In this paper, in addition to describing the various aspects of these work songs, examples of them will be provided; so that the reader got more informed about their contents.

Dialectology is one of the applied branches of linguistic knowledge which deals with scientific, linguistic, sociological and anthropological studies aiming to collect dialects. The local dialect is the main basis and structure of the existence of every nation and race; therefore, the study and the investigation to keep the Naini dialect alive, as part of the culture, tradition, and ritual of the city of Nain, is necessary and important. The research method is descriptive and the information is collected in a library and linguistic way. The data of the research has been collected from the collection of dictionaries, proverbs and edicts and from the people’s dialect in the Nain city. The Naini dialect is one of the central dialects of Iran and a continuation of the "Midwestern Iranian" language; it has literary originality and an inseparable and fixed connection with the "Sassanid Pahlavi" language. Naini dialect is closely related to its neighbouring dialects such as Ardestani, Varzanei, Badroudi, Zafraei, Natanzi and Zoroastrians of Yazd Province. One of the results of this research is the regularity and organization of this language; So that words are not out of two cases: first, the words which have a special form in this dialect, and their roots must be extracted from the Avestan culture; and secondly, words which are derived from ordinary Persian words, and by changing the movements.

Proverbs are an important part of folklore. They have been mainly generated from people's life. Natural elements, which have a vital role in people's lives, are among the most critical elements that have been widely reflected in proverbs and have been employed in different ways within various topics in this branch of folklore. In this work, an attempt has been made to evaluate the reflection of the plants on the Fars proverbs from different viewpoints using a descriptive-analytical method, qualitative content analysis, and a library-data-collection tool. The results of this research show that elements such as plant shape, location of plants growth, food and medicine applications, and written form in the triangles have been considered to be used as tools for the description of issues such as worthlessness, forgetting identity and the past, being nothing, being impoverished, being greedy, doing useful work, avoiding bad companions and having a lot of knowledge.

The great event of Ashura is full of persistence and epics in which Imam Hussein (A.S.) and his noble companions were the heroes, so this aspect (epic) of that eternal event is more prominent than other dimensions and it has a special significance. In the present article, using a comparative approach, the epic, ritualistic backgrounds of Ashura are explained in the works of Elhami Kermanshahi and Abbas Gholi Yahyavi Ardabili and the reflection of ritual (religious) and epic values of Ashura such as: steadfastness, self-sacrifice, resistance, struggle and resistance against tyranny of oppressive individuals and governments, praise of freedom and libertarianism, incompatibility against oppression, invitation to defense and perseverance against tyrants and Jihad and martyrdom, and Shiite revolutionary ideas were studied in the field of Persian and Turkish literature with thought-provoking and instructive examples. Finally, the article concludes by examining the poetic purposes and its value and literary consequences.

The stories, lullabies, and proverbs of a region reflect the purest and deepest emotions, the most subtle thoughts and ideas and the realities of a society. One of characteristics of proverbs is the use of common and familiar words, such as animals’ names, plants, fruits, body parts and colors in referential concepts as well as non-referential and metaphorical ones, which are often with aim of highlighting a positive or negative semantic feature in them and attracting audience to the importance of the subject. The purpose of this study is to investigate the semantic molecules of name of high-frequent animals in proverbs of the Sirjani dialect in terms of semantic molecules. For this purpose, after collecting 950 proverbs of Sirjani dialect, 405 proverbs containing the names of different types of animals were extracted and proverbs of highly-frequent animals with cognitive-semantic approach were studied and several proverbs were mentioned from each animal. The results of data analysis showed that three domestic animals, donkey, dog and camel, respectively, are more frequent and more widely used than other domestic and wild animals in the proverbs. In terms of thematic denotation and function, social subjects are more used than another subjects in the proverbs.