مجله فیض
سال بیست و هفتم شماره 1 (پیاپی 129، فروردین و اردیبهشت 1402)

Niosomes are primary-bilayer vesicles used in anticancer drugs. The aim of this study is the synthesis of nisome nanocarrier containing Artemisia Annua extract and its anticancer charactersitics.

This in-vitro study was carried out at the Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, from December 1400 to September 1401. Firstly, a niosomes nanocarrier was synthesized with the thin-layer hydration approach. Then, Artemisia Annua extract was loaded into them. Following that, physical and chemical features of nanocarriers were evaluated utilizing scanning electron microscope (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The encapsulation level and the release pattern of the extract were valiadated vi a dialysis bag. Finally, its anticancer effects were investigated on breast cancer cell line (MCF_7).

The results showed that the synthesized nanocarrier of nisome containing the extract has a spherical structure and its size was 208.1 nm and the encapsulation percentage was 62.35%. It was also found that the nanocarrier of loaded niosom had significant anticancer effects compared to non-loaded extract.

It can be concluded that the nisome-containing Artemisia Annua extract of medicinal plant increases the anti-cancer effects significantly, and therefore, nisome can be used as a targeted drug delivery system for anti-cancer purposes.

 Different intensities of exercise may have a different effect on the level of brain-derived neurogenic factor (BDNF). Hence, this study aimed to determine the effect of sprint interval training with short repetitions on hippocampal BDNF level, spatial learning and memory in adult rats.

 Sixteen Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control (CO, n=8) and exercise (EX, n=8) groups. The exercise was performed for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week, 4-9 repetitions of 10 seconds sprints, and 1-minute rest. At the end of the training period, the learning and memory of the animals were evaluated by Y maze and shuttle box tests. 48 hours after the test, the rats were anesthetized and the hippocampal tissue was isolated. BDNF levels were measured in hippocampal tissue homogeneity. The independent t-test was used to analyze the data at the alpha level of 0.05.

 Statistical analysis of the data showed that the level of BDNF in EX hippocampus was significantly higher than that of CO (P<0.001); While there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the results of Y-maze and shuttle box behavioral tests (P˃0.05).

 According to the findings of the present study, it seems that SIT may help to increase the hippocampus BDNF level in rats by spending much less training time (30-40 min./week) than other training protocols; But it has no positive or negative effect on learning and memory.

Brucellosis is one of the most common diseases between humans and animals. Therefore, the need for prevention and production of an efficient vaccine is necessary. The aim of the present study is to prepare a niosomal nanostructure containing trivalent immunogen (TF, Bp26 and Omp31) of Brucella as a nanovaccine candidate.

In this study, after designing the immunogen structure by bioinformatics databases and software, in order to evaluate the immunogenicity of the designed recombinant protein, clone and gene expression were carried out in E.coli BL21. The protein extracted from the culture of said cells was purified by Ni-NTA column. Thin layer coating method was used to prepare niosomes carrying trivalent immunogen and were evaluated using DLS and Zetasizer characterization tests. Then, the amount of trivalent immunogen loading and release was calculated.

The results of the characterization confirmed the successful fabrication of niosomal nanosystem containing trivalent immunogen. The results showed that the produced niosomes are in a suitable range of size (100 nm). Trivalent immunogen with high efficiency (81.96%) is encapsulated in the system. The release of trivalent immunogen from Niosomal nanosystem was reported to be 97% after 96 hours. In addition, the trivalent immunogen release pattern of the coated system was more controlled and slower. This confirms the positive effect of the niosome nanosystem.

The use of nisome as a nanovaccine agent has an effective role in controlling antigen release and can be considered as a vaccine candidate and increase the protective immune response against Brucella.

In recent years, the use of herbal medicine, as a complementary and effective medicine, is increasing worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the properties of Rosa damascene essential oil nanoemulsion in vitro.

In this experimental study, rose flower was obtained from Barzok area of Kashan and its essential oil was prepared by steam distillation method. The components of the essential oil were identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). After preparing essential oil nanoemulsion, the size and morphology of nanoemulsion were examined by zeta test and transmission electron microscope (TEM), respectively. Antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity were tested by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) and MTT (HeLa cancer cells) methods, respectively. Antimicrobial activities against Salmonella Typhimurium were evaluated by disc diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and bactericidal (MBC) by microdilution methods and prevention of biofilm formation.

The most compounds of rose essential oil included Nonadecane (33.55%), Heneicosane (16.03%), Hexadecanal (7.78%) and Eicosane (3.39%). The stability of nanoemulsion was also equal to -47.5 mV. The size of nanoemulsion particles was also confirmed by TEM method. Essential oil nanoemulsion had no antioxidant activity. The MIC and MBC were 350 and 700 µg/ml, respectively. The percentage of biofilm reduction in MIC and MBC concentrations was 75 and 80%, respectively. The concentration of 5.47 µg/mL of nanoemulsion caused a decrease of 67% of living HeLa cells.

With attention to the antibacterial and anticancer properties of rose essential oil nanoemulsion, this compound can be suggested in the treatment of bacterial infections and cancer cells.

Evolution of laparoscopic surgery has been enormous help to both patient and surgeon, although incidence of pneumoperitoneum as consequence of laparoscopic surgery would cause hemodynamic instability. In this study, effect of dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulfate on hemodynamic status during laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been assessed.

This study was a double-blind randomized clinical trial that was conducted on 61 patients. Patients were randomly assigned to 3 groups. Control group (C) saline infusion, dexmedetomidine group (D) 1 μg/kg and then 0.5 μg/kg/h of dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulfate group (M) 2 g and then 0.9 mg/kg/h of magnesium sulfate they received. Heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure were recorded at different times before and after taking the drug. Independent T-test, ANOVA, and chi-square were used for univariate analysis and ANOVA with repeated measures for multivariate analysis.

The distribution of patients in terms of demographic factors and surgery were the same in the three groups of the study (P<0.05). The lowest values of systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure in all three groups were seen at the time of the induction. No statistically significant difference was seen in most of the measurement times between the three intervention groups. Analysis of variance with repeated measurement did not show the interaction effect of time and group on blood pressure (P<0.05), but the effect of treatment groups on heart rate was significant (P=0.018).

Dexmedetomidine infusion was generally not effective on the patient's blood pressure changes, but it was significantly more effective on heart rate changes than magnesium sulfate and the control group in almost the entire measurement process. Therefore, in terms of the heart rates, in the dexmethomidine group, the patients experienced more stable conditions.

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women and causes emotional and emotional problems, therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of group positive behavior therapy and group cognitive behavioral therapy on the cognitive regulation of emotion in women with breast cancer.

The present study was semi-experimental and the statistical population of the research was all women with breast cancer referred to Milad Hospital in Tehran in 1400, 45 of whom met the entry criteria (age range 25-55 years, one month passed from the course chemotherapy) were selected by purposive sampling and were randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group. The experimental groups underwent cognitive-behavioral and positive therapy in 8 90-minute sessions. In order to collect information, the Garnevsky emotion regulation questionnaire was used and the data were analyzed with SPSS-20 software.

The results indicated a significant difference between the two treatments on the scores of cognitive regulation of emotion (P<0.05). Cognitive behavioral group therapy had a greater effect on the subscales of blaming oneself and others, non-acceptance, rumination, lack of refocusing, lack of perspective taking, and catastrophizing (P<0.05).

The findings of the study showed that by using cognitive behavioral therapy, it is possible to improve the cognitive regulation of emotion in women with breast cancer, so the principles of this treatment method can be used by therapists to improve the cognitive symptoms of emotion in patients.

Anti-cytokine considerations and other treatments in covid-19 patients with a history of diabetes can play an important role in preventing mortality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigation the concentration of IL-6, IL-10, and vitamin D in diabetic patients with covid-19 hospitalized in the intensive care unit.

The statistical population of this research was all diabetic patients with covid-19 hospitalized in the special care department. 16 of them were selected as a statistical sample by the census. Cytokines were measured using a special kit for IL-6 and IL-10 based on the manufacturer's instructions, using the ELISA method. A level above 30 ng/dL of vitamin D was considered as a sufficient level, and a level below that was considered as an insufficient and deficient level. Independent t-test was used to compare two groups. In addition, to reveal the effect size in the independent test, Cohen's D effect sizes were calculated for each group. The significance level of all statistical operations was determined by SPSS at the P≤0.05 level. Graphs were drawn using Graph Pad Prism 9.

All diabetic patients infected with covid-19 suffered from vitamin D deficiency levels so, the level of vitamin D was between 10 and 20 ng/dl in all of them. Also, the results showed that the levels of both IL-6, IL-10 increased significantly in patients admitted to the intensive care unit compared to healthy individuals (P≤0.05).

It seems that measuring the level of IL-6, IL-10, and their ratio along with vitamin D can be used as a useful predictor to diagnosing special care measures in diabetic patients with covid-19.

One of the important goals of therapeutic interventions is to control obesity and vitamin D deficiency, which are associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders and increased homocysteine. In this study, the effect of high-intensity interval resistance training (HIIRT) and vitamin D on homocysteine and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) ​​levels in overweight women with vitamin D deficiency was investigated.

In this clinical trial study, overweight women with vitamin D deficiency were investigated. The subjects were randomly divided into four groups of 13 (control, exercise, vitamin D and exercise+vitamin D). The exercise groups performed HIIRT with an intensity of 80% of one maximum repetition, and the vitamin D groups consumed vitamin D once a week. The collected data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and paired t-tests.

After 8 weeks of research interventions, homocysteine level decreased and TAC significantly increased in the experimental groups (P<0.001). In addition, combined intervention was associated with more changes in homocysteine and TAC levels compared to HIIRT and vitamin D intervention (P<0.001), but HIIRT and vitamin D had a similar effect on the changes of these variables (P>0.05).

It seems that part of the optimal effects of HIIRT and vitamin D consumption in the health development of overweight women with vitamin D deficiency can be induced by increasing TAC and decreasing homocysteine.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of mindful parenting on the cognitive and behavioral emotion regulation in mothers of children with hearing loss.

The present research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up design. The statistical population included all mothers of children with hearing loss aged 4 to 6 years in Tehran in 2021, who were selected by a simple random method from deaf and hearing loss centers and associations. The sample size was 30 people who were randomly divided into experimental and control groups and each group had 15 people. The experimental group participated in ten 90-minute sessions, 3 sessions a week, in the mindfulness parenting training program, while the control group did not participate in this program. The research instruments included the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (Garnefski and et al., 2009) and the behavioral emotion regulation questionnaire (Kraaij and Garnefski, 2019). Subjects were evaluated using these questionnaires in pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance.

The results showed that the mindful parenting program had a significant effect on the cognitive and behavioral emotion regulation in mothers of children with hearing loss (P<0.05).

Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the conscious parenting program improves the cognitive and behavioral emotion regulation in mothers of children with hearing loss.

 Constipation refers to a condition in which intestinal movements are reduced and the passage of intestinal contents is difficult, and it is characterized by the involuntary retention of feces in children. One of the symptoms of lead poisoning is digestive symptoms, especially constipation. Although its role in gastrointestinal symptoms is known, little information is available on the effects of lower levels of lead on constipation. In this study, the effects of lower levels of lead poisoning in causing chronic constipation are investigated.

  This is a case-control study that was conducted on 30 children aged 1 to 14 years who were referred to the pediatric clinic of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan with complaints of defecation problems during the first six months of 2013. According to Rome 3 criteria, they had a chronic disease and were eligible to enter the study (according to the entry and exit criteria) and done. The control group was selected from among healthy children by matching age, gender, and place of residence. 

 The mean serum lead level in the study group and the control group was 9.11±4.04 and 6.36±2.94 micrograms/dL, respectively (P=0.004) and the frequency of lead poisoning was more than 10 µg/dl in the case group and 46.7% and 13.3% in the control group (P=0.005).

 The serum level of lead in children with chronic constipation is significantly higher than in healthy children.

Sexual dysfunction is a common complication of methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) and buprenorphine maintenance therapy (BMT). The aim of this study was to evaluate of sexual function in addicted men under treatment with methadone and buprenorphine.

In this cross-sectional study, 30 men undergoing methadone maintenance treatment (n=15) and buprenorphine (n=15) were included in the study in Kashan addiction treatment centers. The Golombok-Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS) questionnaire was used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 software and using Fisher's exact tests, independent t test and linear regression.

There was no significant difference in the mean total score of sexual performance between the methadone (38.40±13.58) and buprenorphine (38.33±14.56) groups (P=0.733).

The results showed that in both groups, sexual performance was at an unfavorable level, and therefore, it is recommended that future studies focus on providing strategies to improve sexual performance and satisfaction in patients undergoing maintenance treatment with methadone and buprenorphine.

The road accidentsis one of the most comprehensive health problems in the world This reasearch is doe with ths purpose developing the etiology patterns of road accident in Gilan province.

This reasearch was a descriptive sectional and cross- analytical study that was done in two stages. At the first stage, a questionnaire was developed by searching sources and experts. Then, the important components and desired  dimensions were identified in the initial models, then the initial questionnaire was developed and submitted to the expert for approval. The Finak questionnre responses and  used Likert scales. Validity and reliability of research contents were measured by experts, and 670 drivers were interviewed person or by calling to the phone numbers for integration of  questionnaire. The data was entered into SPSS and PLS software and used statistical methods of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, the final pattern was extracted.

The model as presented with six human factors-visual view barriers – the cause of traffic – the cause space- type of accident and the defect of the road, which can inclue 64.406 of the variable variances of the cause of road accidents.Human factors have the greatest influence 0.774 and road defects have the least influence 0.03 in the proposed pattern.

Based on the result of researches about human factors –vehicle and roads have important and significnt role in causes of road accidents and by knowing these factors, managers can be enable to do necessary actions for controling and reduction of road accidents.

The gap between research and practice is one of the important challenges of the health system. A possible answer to this challenge is knowledge translation. This research was designed and conducted to assess the status of knowledge translation in Kashan University of Medical Sciences in 2022.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 on a sample of 114 faculty members of Kashan University of Medical Sciences using convenience sampling. The research tool was the knowledge translation questionnaire, which was designed and validated by the knowledge translation committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The collected data were analyzed through SPSS software and using one-sample t-tests, independent t-tests, analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney U and repeated measurements.

The mean score of knowledge translation was 2.73±0.54 and each of the dimensions of audience needs assessment, knowledge production and knowledge application were 2.68±0.65, 2.82±0.59 and 2.67±0.57, respectively, which have a significant difference with the average limit of 3. »Knowledge application« dimension had the lowest and »Knowledge production« dimension had the highest average. Also, there was no statistically significant difference between the overall average score of knowledge translation and each of its dimensions with department, work experience, executive position, education level and attending knowledge translation training workshops and the number of research projects of the studied faculty members.

The results show that the status of knowledge translation in Kashan University of Medical Sciences is lower than the average level and far from the desired level. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to facilitate the process of knowledge translation in the university and improve its conditions.