مجله علمی پژوهان
سال بیست و یکم شماره 1 (زمستان 1401)

Cancer affects the functioning of individuals and families and causes psychological problems such as depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between chronic pain and depression from the perspective of children admitted to the hematology department of Hospitals affiliated to Hamadan University of Medical Sciences during the COVID-19 epidemic.

This was a correlational study in which 86 children with cancer admitted to the pediatric hematology department were studied by numerical method. The Coax Depression and Chronic Pain Questionnaire was completed for all children with cancer and the coding data were analyzed by using Pearson correlation test.

The study of chronic pain in children and adolescents with cancer in the study population showed low chronic pain severity. Pearson correlation coefficient showed that the variable of depression in both groups of children and adolescents has a significant and direct relationship with chronic pain (P < 0.05).

Chronic pain caused by cancer can cause the child to tend to depression. Therefore, it is recommended to relieve the chronic pain of these children as much as possible to prevent depression.

Media literacy training is one of the basic requirements; therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of media literacy training in adolescent Internet addiction.

The quasi-experimental research method was pretest-posttest with a control group. From the statistical population that included all male students of the first year of high school in Torbat-e Heydarieh in the academic year 2021-2022, 30 people were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into two groups of control and experimental. And answered the Young Internet Addiction Questionnaire (1999). The experimental group participated in 16 sessions of researcher-made media literacy training, but the group did not receive any training. SPSS software version 24 and univariate analysis of covariance were used for analysis.

The results of analysis of covariance showed that there was a significant difference between the scores of the experimental and control groups (pre-test and post-test) in the rate of Internet addiction
(P < 0.01).

The results showed that media literacy training reduced adolescent Internet addiction. Therefore, media literacy training is recommended as a complementary method along with psychological therapies to reduce adolescent Internet addiction.

Tooth decay is the most common chronic oral disease that can be caused by the long-term use of oral liquid medications. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the carcinogenic potential of three common supplements syrups on deciduous teeth in pediatric dentistry.

In this experimental study, 18 extracted healthy deciduous teeth were randomly divided into three groups including the first group of Osteocare, the second group of Feroglobin, and the third group of Kindermulti. The amount of micro-hardness of the teeth was measured using the Vickers hardness testing machine on the first day and after 28 days. The pH of the supplements was measured by a digital pH meter. Comparison of groups was performed by one-way analysis of variance and paired t-test using.

The test results showed that after 28 days of immersion, the mean micro-hardness in the groups of Feroglobin, Osteocare, and Kindermulti was not statistically significant. The mean micro-hardness of the Osteocare group was different on the first day and day 28 and the amount of micro-hardness in this group was decreased during 28 days.

According to the results, Osteocare had the most cariogenic potential. Feroglobin and Kindermulti have a slight cariogenicity that can be ignored. The type of sugar and the number of times the supplement is used have a greater effect on caries than the minerals in the supplement.

This study was conducted to compare the effect of Mentalization-based therapy (MBT) and Filial therapy on Interactions of Student with ADHD.

The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-, post-test, and follow-up with the control group. Furthermore, the statistical population was 7- to 9-year-old students with ADHD who were studying in regular schools in the six different districts of Isfahan. To select the sample, however, 42 students were nominated from the students who met the inclusion criteria and randomly divided into three groups: Mentalization-based therapy (n = 14); Filial therapy (n = 14), and control (n = 14).

The results show the parent-child and teacher-student interaction in the experimental groups was significantly improved (P ≤ 0.01). Also, the comparison of mean scores showed that in the parent-child relationship variable, there was no significant difference among Mentalization-based therapy (MBT) and Filial therapy groups (P ≥ 0.01), however, the difference was significant in the teacher-student relationship variable (P ≤ 0.01).

Considering the efficiency of MBT and Filial therapy on Parent-child and teacher-child interactions of children with ADHD, the therapy provides an effective treatment method in Iran.

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is a new diagnosis with multiple treatment challenges. The most prominent features of this disorder consist of behavioral as well as mood disruptions. There are very few treatment studies on DMDD. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of Dialectical Behavior Therapy on emotion regulation and irritability in students with disruptive mood disorders.

The current research was a semi-experimental type of pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all male students of the first secondary level of East Azarbaijan province who referred to the counseling centers of education and training departments in the academic year of 2020–2021. The study population included 30 students with disruptive mood disorders who were chosen through a nonprobability purposive sampling method. Emotional Affective Reactivity Index, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and the clinical interview were used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed through the statistical test of ANOVA with repeated measurements.

Dialectical Behavior Therapy was found to be significantly effective in reducing irritability and regulating emotions in students with disruptive mood dysregulation disorders (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the results revealed that the educational effect persisted throughout the follow-up period (P > 0.05).

According to the results of the research, dialectical behavior therapy can increase the awareness of the disruptive mood disorder sufferers about their problems and gain a more correct understanding in dealing with problems, especially in the interpersonal field. Therefore, in the field of treatment of disruptive mood disorder, dialectical behavior therapy can be implemented as part of the treatment plan.

Self-efficacy is an individual's belief in their capacity to reach specific goals and is an important basis for behavior. Mothers play a decisive role in children's Oral Health (OH). The aim of this study was to determine the maternal self-efficacy in OH care of preschool children.

This descriptive-analytical research was conducted among 652 women with 3 to 6-year-old children in Kermanshah city in 2019. The participants were selected using simple random sampling from among the mothers who referred to health centers. The data was collected by a self-reporting written questionnaire.

Family economic status (ß = 0.179 and P < 0.001), and mother education (ß = 0.104 and P = 0.032) were predictors of maternal self-efficacy in OH care of children. Mothers received about half of the score of the self-efficacy questionnaire. Maternal self-efficacy in OH care was lower when they felt stress, depression, and anxiety.

Mothers obtained about half of the score of the self-efficacy questionnaire. The necessity of developing and implementing interventions to improve maternal self-efficacy in OH care is felt, especially for mothers with lower education and Families with a weaker economic status.

Health literacy is one of the key consequences of health education programs in the field of breastfeeding performance and mother's self-care. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between health literacy and breastfeeding performance of mothers with newborns admitted to Fatemieh Hospital in Hamadan 2022.

This research was a cross-sectional descriptive analytical study that was conducted on 210 mothers with neonate, using available sampling method. Data collection tools included maternal health literacy questionnaire, Bristol breastfeeding assessment checklist and breastfeeding self-efficacy questionnaire. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential tests.

According to the results, the mean and standard deviation of the self-efficacy score, health literacy and breastfeeding performance of the mother were 117.09 (28.08), 43.74 (8.57) and 7.34 (0.87), respectively. A significant relationship was observed between health literacy and mothers' self-efficacy, mothers' performance and self-efficacy, and mothers' performance and health literacy (P < 0.05).

According to the results of the study, it is suggested that in educational interventions related to breastfeeding, information and training should be provided to mothers in a way that is easy for them to understand and they can easily understand the received information.

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of compassion fatigue in the relationship between maternal emotional problems and emotional and behavioral problems of children with special needs.

The research method is correlation. The population of this study included all mothers of children with special needs in primary school in Arak. 171 people were selected as a sample from this population using random cluster sampling method. The measurements of this study were the Compassion Fatigue Questionnaire, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS), and the Child Behavioral Checklist.

The results showed that there was a statistically significant positive relationship between maternal compassion fatigue and emotional and behavioral problems of children with special needs (P < 0.001). While the direct effect of maternal emotional problems on emotional and behavioral problems of children with special needs is not significant, the mother's emotional problems have a direct effect on compassion fatigue, which is statistically significant (P = 0.001); Also, maternal compassion fatigue directly affects the emotional and behavioral problems of children with special needs (P = 0.001).

Maternal emotional problems increase compassion fatigue and with increasing maternal compassion fatigue, children's emotional and behavioral problems with special needs increase.

According to the World Health Organization, 360 million people worldwide have disabling hearing loss. Of these, 32 million people are hard hearing or deaf under the age of 15. According to the studies, many hearing defects could be avoided through prevention, early detection, and proper management. Studies show that the improper use of music players harms hearing. So that, the threshold of damage to Cochlear hair cells is reduced in people who listen to music at least for a year for > 1 h/day, at > 50% of the maximum volume setting. However, noise-induced hearing loss has been increasing among young people and adolescents who are exposed to noise from recreational situations and music playback devices. This may be due to a lack of awareness or misconceptions about the effects of noise exposure. Therefore, it seems necessary to create new approaches that aim to maintain and improve ear and hearing health, prevent ear diseases and manage them.