نشریه پژوهش در ورزش تربیتی
پیاپی 29 (زمستان 1401)

The purpose of this study was to identify and model the components and indicators of academic entrepreneurship evaluation in faculties of sport sciences. The statistical population consisted of all faculty members of the faculties of sports sciences in Tehran. Due to the limited population, the statistical sample was considered as a whole (n=165). For data collection, a researcher-made questionnaire, by library studying and using comments of five professors of sport management and two professors of entrepreneurship using the Delphi method, was utilized and validity and reliability were confirmed. In order to analyze the data of 112 returned questionnaires, the following steps were taken into action: Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliability for determining reliability, KMO test for determining the sampling adequacy, exploratory factor analysis for identifying the components, and verifiable factor analysis for determining the structural validity in statistical software SPSS 22 and Smart PLS 3. Finally, the academic entrepreneurship evaluation model was designed in the form of 21 indicators and four components including requirements (four indicators), empowerment (four indicators), activities (seven indicators), and outcomes (six indicators). This model is expected to be used as a useful tool for evaluating the academic entrepreneurship of students and faculty members in sports science faculties and to direct the functions of sports science faculties to the functions of the third generation university.

The role of sports in the identity, role modeling, socialization and normalization of adolescents and young people is undeniable. The purpose of this study was the impact of culture in ritual-heritage sports on the development of social capital of urban communities .The statistical population of the study included officials,veterans, coaches and athletes, as well as those interested in zurkhaneh and wrestling programs and competitions and university professors in Khorasan Razavi province, total 758 people who used Morgan's table formula 260people were selected by simple random sampling who answered the questions through an electronic questionnaire.The nature of the present study was applied and in terms of analysis method was descriptive-correlational research which was done using structural equation method. The required data were collected using a standard 13-item questionnaire of social capital of Nahapit and Goshal and researcher-made 9-item questionnaire of dominant culture of heritage-ritual sports.After confirmation of face and content validity by experts and structural validity by AVE index and instrument reliability coefficient by Cronbach's alpha test, Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data with the help of SPSS22 and Smart PLS2 statistical software. Path coefficients and model fit indices showed that the prevailing culture in heritage-ritual sports has a significant effect on the development of social capital of urban communities.Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that heritage-ritual sports can be used as a means to establish friendly relations and new social relations,especially between different classes of urban society in terms of religion and ethnicity.

The purpose of this study was to provide a background model for developing the productivity of sports management graduates as individual productivity. This research is in the category of mixed research (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of applied purpose and in terms of collection method. The statistical population of this study consisted of experts in the field of sports management in the field of university, implementation and graduates of sports management. For qualitative sampling, purposive sampling method was used and sampling continued until the theoretical saturation limit, based on 15 interviews were conducted. In the quantitative section, 465 graduates were selected by simple random sampling. By analyzing the interviews in the open coding stage, 93 concepts or initial codes were identified. Then, in the axial coding stage, considering the semantic similarity of the identified concepts, 15 sub-categories and 2 main categories including internal and external factors were formed and its validity and reliability were confirmed in a quantitative part. According to the formed categories, the individual productivity of graduates in the field of sports management is subject to the negative and positive effects of internal and external factors. The results of this study showed that the development of productivity of graduates in the field of sports management is not accidental and productivity can be expected for graduates in this field when its propulsion in both external and internal dimensions is considered.

The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the improvement of educational innovation of physical education teachers. The research method was mixed (qualitative-quantitative) in which the qualitative part was done in the form of content analysis. The statistical population in the qualitative section included people aware of the subject of the research that according to the purposeful selection, 13 people were identified as the sample. The statistical population also included a small number of physical education teachers in Tehran. The research tools included semi-structured interviews and a researcher-made questionnaire. The content validity of this questionnaire was assessed using the views of university professors and its construct validity was assessed by factor analysis. The reliability of this questionnaire was determined to be 0.82 after calculating Cronbach's alpha. In the qualitative section, to evaluate the validity of the reliability, transferability and verifiability, as well as to check the reliability, specialized committees were used. In order to analyze the data, coding and structural equation methods were used. The whole process of data analysis was performed in SPS, PLS and MaxQda soft wares. The results of the present study showed that the factors affecting the improvement of educational innovation of physical education teachers in eight areas including social factors, motivation, supervisory aspects, infrastructure, specialized knowledge, government support, supportive and managerial laws and regulations were identified. In the meantime, paying attention to the factors of specialized knowledge and government support can pave way for improving the educational innovation of physical education teachers.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the extended technology acceptance model on the use of online education during the corona in physical education students. The present study was applied and correlation. The statistical population of this study were all undergraduate students in the field of physical education and sports sciences of Kermanshah, Hamedan, Kurdistan, Lorestan and Ilam universities, which 324 people were selected as sample using random cluster sampling method. To collect data, standard questionnaires of facilitator conditions, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude, behavioral intention and use of online education were used. Data analysis was performed using variance-based structural equation model. The results showed that facilitator conditions have a significant effect on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use that the effect of facilitator conditions on perceived ease was greater. Also, perceived ease of use has a significant effect on perceived usefulness and attitude that the effect of perceived ease of use on attitude was greater. Perceived usefulness has a significant effect on attitudes and behavioral intentions that the perceived usefulness had a greater effect on behavioral intentions. Finally, attitudes have a significant effect on behavioral intentions and behavioral intentions on the use of online education during the coronation period in physical education students. Based on the results, it is suggested that universities with physical education in online education increase facilitator condition, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use in order to promote students' attitudes, behavioral intention and use of online education.

Student sports are at the base of the country's sports pyramid and play a fundamental role in developing public, championship, and professional sports. Therefore, the present study aims to identify the factors affecting the development of physical education and student sports in the country's provinces (a case study in this study in Khorasan Razavi province). This study is applied and exploratory research in terms of purpose and nature, respectively, so the systematic method of data theory and Glaser approach were used. From the study's statistical population, 12 people were purposefully considered as a sample in the interview section. Researchers also exerted library studies as a complementary source of interview tools. Human resources, implementation of public and championship sports in schools, economic-financial, sports facilities and infrastructure, management, education-research, socio-cultural, laws and regulations, advertising, media, technology, and information technology were identified as effective factors in the sport's development of Khorasan Razavi province’s schools. Based on the results for the development and promotion of physical education and sports in schools, it is necessary to educate and train physical education and sports teachers in universities, hold educational courses for sports teachers, and provide school sports infrastructure. With the cooperation of donors and related institutions, continuous holding of camps and sports events, creation of talent identification bases in schools, holding scientific conferences and seminars with a focus on student sports, providing up-to-date and practical sports content for students, educational software usage, sports talent identification in schools, and constant monitoring of the activities of sports teachers.

The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness requirements of virtual education in the field of sport sciences. The research was a qualitative and exploratory study conducted by applying a thematic analysis method. The participants included faculty members with experience in teaching theoretical and practical units in the field of physical education and sport sciences. According to the nature of the research, 15 experts were interviewed as a research sample through purposive sampling to reach the theoretical saturation. The tool used in the study was a semi-structured interview. The intra-subject agreement method was applied to ensure the reliability of the interview findings, and the validity was confirmed by consulting experts and reviewing the outputs based on their opinions. The thematic analysis of the data by Braun and Clarke’s (2006) method led to the extraction of 107 codes, nine sub-themes and four main themes. The findings indicated that "Upgrading and Updating", "Flexibility", "Content Quality", as well as "Interaction and Communication" were the explored efficiency requirements of virtual education in the field of sport sciences. The findings of the current study can be considered by professors, students, and administrators of virtual education in the field of physical education and sport sciences, as a basis for promoting the efficiency and effectiveness of virtual education.

The purpose of this study was to designing a performance management model for the Office of Physical Education and Sport Activities of Education Ministry. The research method was applied in terms of purpose, descriptive-survey and mixed (sequential exploratory). Three basic steps were performed to conduct the research: 1- In-depth interviews with managers and experts to enumerating of the factors and criteria of performance evaluation. 2- Leveling the factors using ISM model (interpretive structural modeling) and 3- Weighing the factors using AHP method in the focus group. The results of this study showed the development of the financial system (150 points), standardization and development of space and sports equipment (200 points), human resources (160 points), participation and interactions of inside and outside the organization (50 points), Research and development (40 points) and system development of volunteer (40 points) were the input of the performance management system. Development of physical education curriculum (140 points) and dissemination of extra curriculum activities (120 points) as processes and growth and development of physical education (40 points) and development and promotion of active lifestyle (60 points) were outputs of the research model. In the proposed model, 31 evaluation criteria are also presented that can facilitate the operational plan of the performance management system of the physical education office.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of professional vitality on the job performance of physical education teachers with the mediating role of organizational commitment. The research method was descriptive-survey method. The statistical population was all physical education teachers in Semnan province in the academic year 2020-2021 (N=240 ). Sampling method was Convenience Sampling. Data collection tools were Scott Professional Vitality Questionnaire (2010), Allen and Meyer Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (1990) and Patterson Job Performance Questionnaire (1922). The reliability of the questionnaires was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha indices and combined reliability. The face and content validity of the questionnaires were confirmed by the opinions of 15 sports management professors and physical education teachers. The construct validity of the questionnaires was also confirmed using convergent and divergent validity criteria. Data analysis by structural equation modeling in Smart software. PLS was performed. The results showed that professional vitality and organizational commitment have a significant and positive effect on the job performance of physical education teachers. Professional vitality also has a significant and positive effect on the organizational commitment of physical education teachers. As a result, organizational commitment plays a mediating role in the relationship between professional vitality and job performance. Therefore, in order to improve the performance of physical education teachers, it is better to first focus on strengthening their professional vitality. At the same time, with the help of professional enthusiasm, their commitment to the organization will improve and this in itself will lead to improved job performance.

The purpose of this study was to explore the concept of instruction of quality sports coaches. In terms of applied purpose, this research has been among the qualitative and multidisciplinary researches that explore the concept of guidance of sports coaches with a meta-combination, the findings of global studies and then, based on the use of phenomenology, the lived experiences of sports coaches in relation to guidance. Is exploring. Has set. The meta-combination design was performed using the sixth step method of Sandlowski and Barroso. The sources of data collection were five databases for foreign studies and two databases in Persian language. After collecting the data, the content analysis method was used for analysis. The phenomenological design was performed using a seven-stage Klaizi model. The means of using semi-structured interviews and participants in this section were 20 sports coaches in the academic year 1401-1400. Criteria, snowball and theoretical saturation are used to select the targeted technique. Data analysis in this section was performed using thematic analysis method. Based on the results of the two projects, the design of the role of guidance in the coaching skills of sports coaches was identified in the form of three main themes including progressivism, social ethics and empowerment. The result is that a coach who is proficient in instructional techniques along with athletes can help it in a correct and principled way to achieve success and sports and professional goals.