مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار
سال بیست و نهم شماره 6 (پیاپی 125، بهمن و اسفند 1401)

Transgender people are vulnerable to a high risk of mental health problems. These people face many problems in accessing health services. There is very little information about the needs of transgender people for health care and their concerns in this regard. This study aimed to examine the mental health services and needs of transgender people and their attitudes and experiences.

To select English-related studies in the databases of Science Direct, Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Psych Info, Psych Lit, and Sociological Abstracts, the English keywords Trans, Transgender, Transphobia, Gender Dysphoria, Mental health, and Mental health service were searched from 2010 to 2022. Also, for Persian articles, the equivalent Persian keywords were searched in internal databases of the University Jihad Scientific Database (SID), Comprehensive Humanities, and Civilica Portal.  Finally, out of 231 studies, 12 articles were selected for review.

This study highlights the main challenges of transgender people. The results of this study showed that some of these challenges include access to health services tailored to the needs of transgender people and the need to develop mental health services for these people.

We can conclude that there are no medical services that meet the needs of transgender people and to improve the quality of life of these people, there is a need to develop mental health services and train specialists.

Today, discriminatory behaviors of health workers towards people with AIDS are common practices. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of online micro-learning and brainstorming on nursing students' awareness about mistreatment of HIV/AIDS patients.

In this quasi-experimental study, 90 nursing students were selected and randomly assigned into three groups. After a pre-test of students’ knowledge about discriminatory behaviors, the first group was educated through online micro-learning method and the second group was educated through brainstorming in the skyroom. The control group did not receive any education. Finally, the post-test was done immediately in three groups.

The results showed significant differences between pre-test and post-test of students’ knowledge in the online micro-learning(p=0.001) and online brainstorming (0.001) groups. But there was no difference in the control group (p=0.125). Also, after education, a significant difference was seen between the mean scores of knowledges in three groups (p=0.001). The post-hoc tests showed significant differences between control, brainstorming (p=0.003) and micro-learning groups (p=0.009), but there was no difference between brainstorming and micro-learning groups. 

Findings showed that the both online teaching methods, micro-learning and brainstorming, could increase students’ awareness of discriminatory behaviors towards HIV/AIDS patients. Considering the importance of virtual education due to Coronavirus pandemic, it is suggested to use these two online methods to enhance students’ knowledge.

As research is the building block of education development, the study of research methods is important for improving the quality of research. Among different research methods, content analysis has gained particular significance; however, it has not yet been clearly examined in terms of its features and techniques. To fill this gap, the present article was an attempt to seek experts’ views on this issue.

This study was a non-systematic narrative review article. First, books and searches of previous studies were used in scientific information databases abroad: PubMed, Scopus Web of Science, Science Direct Google scholar, between 1940 and 2022 with the keywords Content, Analysis, Qualitative content analysis, Quantitative content analysis and also used, Keyword content analysis, qualitative method, qualitative content analysis, quantitative content analysis in databases, MagIran, SID, Iranmedex, Irandoc. Then, 21 related articles were identified and reviewed.

Based on the findings of the current study, there are particular techniques for conducting content analysis research distinguishing it from other research methods. Besides, findings of the study revealed that challenges among experts about the content analysis research method is partly due to its history and its evolution over the time and also it is related to the very highly flexible nature of this research method.

Content analysis is an independent scientific research method in which the researcher makes use of qualitative processes to describe and summarize data for making inferences and finding a conceptual framework and finally formulating a theory.

Peritoneal dialysis is a convenient and cost-effective way to replace kidney function in patients with kidney failure. Nevertheless, in Iran, a very small percentage of patients with kidney failure use peritoneal dialysis, the reasons for which are less known. This study is to explain the experiences of Iranian patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis regarding the decision to choose a kidney replacement treatment method.

18 peritoneal dialysis patients living in four provinces of Iran participated in this qualitative study.

The analysis of the text of the interviews led to the emergence of four main categories: the first category, under the title "Compulsion to choose", includes two sub-categories: "Lack of alternatives" and "Indifference to the patient's preferences", the second category is titled "Insufficient health literacy". It includes two subcategories of information poverty and limited access to reliable information, the "culture ruling the treatment system" category, which itself includes two subgroups of preference for the physician’s opinion and disregard for the patient's bill of rights, and finally the social support category, which includes family support, treatment staff assistance and the support was procedural.

Considering all the factors, the culture of the region and the treatment of the patient and if needed by his family, considering the chronic nature of the disease and the constant involvement of the patient's family in this process, providing sufficient and reliable information and creating access.

Due to the high level of stress during pregnancy and the epidemiology of Covid 19 disease, which endangers the general health of pregnant women, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of self-care education on Covid 19 on the general health of pregnant mothers.

This clinical trial study was performed on 84 pregnant women referred to Mobini Hospital in Sabzevar in the period of June to September 2020. Using random allocation of variable blocks (quadruple blocks), individuals were divided into intervention and control groups.  For data collection, two questionnaires of demographic characteristics and standard questionnaire of General health were used. Data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software (version 16).

The results showed that the mean age of participants in the control group was 27.36 ± 5.88 and in the intervention, group was 27.20 ± 5.71. The mean total score of general health before the intervention was 21.68± 8.12 in the control group and 20.32 ± 7.71 in the intervention group. The results of Mann-Whitney test showed that the general health score at the beginning of the study was not statistically significant (p = 0.50). The mean total health score after the intervention in the control group was 20.31 ± 12.26 and in the intervention, group was 12.65 ± 7.15. Mann-Whitney test showed that this difference was statistically significant (p 0. 0.001).

Self-care education related to Covid-19 disease leads to improving the general health of pregnant mothers.

Nowadays, teaching medical students needs to use new educational methods such as concept maps, along with traditional teaching methods. Which increases learners' desire to learn, focus on key points and organize content. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of concept map on the learning rate of anesthesiology undergraduate students.

This quasi-experimental study with pre-test-post-test design was performed on 6th semester undergraduate students of Alborz University of Medical Sciences in 2021. Forty students were selected by census method and based on inclusion criteria, then randomly divided into two groups. In the control group, the lecture method and in the intervention group, the lecture method with a concept map tool was used to teach the interpretation of arterial blood gases. Students' learning before and one month after the intervention was measured using a four-choice test.

The mean scores of students before the intervention were 12.95± 3.95 in the experimental group and 13.10±   3.82 in the control group (P = 0.90). After the intervention, it reached 18.95 ± 4.28 in the experimental group and 14.05 ± 2.83 in the control group, which was significantly higher in the intervention group (P <0.001).

Developing a concept map as an analytical strategy in education, along with the use of lecture method can be effective in promoting student learning.

Physical and mental health problems reduce patients' quality of life and limit their ability to adapt to the disease. Promoting adaptive behaviors based on the Roy model ensures, maintains and promotes the health of individuals. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of an integrated review of the application of Roy adaptation model on quality of life.

The present study is a systematic review that was conducted in April 2022 by searching for articles in both Persian and English in Web of Science, magiran, irandoc, IranMedex, Scientific Information Database (SID), Scopus, Cochran, Google Scholar and PubMed performed without time limit. The search was performed using the keywords adaptation, Roy model and quality of life and AND and OR operators. CASP tools were used to evaluate the quality of articles. Finally, out of 3400 articles found,9 articles were reviewed.

Out of 9 present studies, 7 studies had English language. There were 5 studies from 2019 onwards. 5 studies were quasi-experimental and 3 studies were clinical trials and 1 studi was descriptive analytic. Studies have been conducted in Egypt, Turkey, Pakistan, China and Iran. Sampling methods were available, random, and purposeful. Findings show that in all studies the quality of life of patients increased after the intervention.

Intervention based on Roy adaptation model improves the quality of life in various diseases.

According to the world health organization the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in our country and world will increase sharply by 2030. Improving glycemic control delays the onset and progression of diabetes complications.The purpose of this study was The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and emotion-oriented therapy on glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients.

This experimental study was a post-test pre-test by control group. The statistical population of all people with type 2 diabetes who referred to Sabzevar Diabetes Clinic in 1398. 45 were randomly placed in three groups (mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, emotion-oriented therapy and control). Patients' blood glucose was measured using a fasting blood glucose. SPSS24 software and descriptive and analytical statistics (covariance) were used to analyze the data.

The analysis showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy had a positive and significant effect on glycemic control (P <0.05). Emotion-oriented therapy had a positive and significant effect on glycemic control (P <0.05). Both training methods mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and emotion-oriented therapy, there is no significant difference in post-test scores (P > 0.05).  

Considering the significant effect of methods mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and emotion-oriented therapy on glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients, it is suggested to use these two methods to improving glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients.

Selective attention and misunderstanding of body image can lead to anxiety. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy on loneliness caused by body image in women referred to cosmetic surgery centers.

The present study is a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population of the study was all women aged 23-40 years who referred to beauty centers in Mashhad, 45 of whom were selected by random sampling in three groups of 15 people. Then an anxiety questionnaire was administered and sessions of two treatments were performed. At the end of the post-test sessions.

Research has shown that cognitive-behavioral method is more effective than interpersonal psychotherapy on the feeling of loneliness in women referred to cosmetic surgery centers.

The best sign for cosmetic surgery seems to be a lack of self-confidence with a tendency to social interaction and an extreme focus on a particular physical feature. The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in reducing body image anxiety can be due to the important role of mental interpretations and behavioral habits on anxiety. Improving the state of perception of the body in a person with anxiety reduces the selective attention to a point in the body and thus reduces anxiety.

The job burnout experience in hospital staff reduces their services quality to patients and society in addition to threating the health of themselves. The purpose of this research is to predict job burnout based on the meaning in life and emotion regulation in hospital staff of Zanjan city.

This descriptive-correlation study was conducted in 2022 on 110 employees of one of the hospitals in Zanjan. Data were gathered by Maslesh's job burnout, Grass's emotion regulation, and Steger's meaning in life questionnaires. Statistical analysis of data was done with Pearson's correlation test and stepwise regression.

There is a significant relationship between job burnout, meaning in life and emotion regulation (p<0.01). In addition, the meaning in life is a stronger predictor (with a coefficient of -0.537) for job burnout. This variable alone predicts 28% of the variance of burnout (p<0.001). In the second step of the analysis, the emotion regulation variable increased the prediction power to 32.6% (p<0.001).

According to the findings, the effect of the life meaning on job burnout is more than emotion regulation. This article indicates that the meaning in life is one of the important concepts in job burnout, but in researches, less attention has been paid to it. However, it may be possible to prevent or reduce burnout by taking advantages of the positive consequences of meaning in life (presence or search).