Creative City Design
Volume:3 Issue: 1, Apr 2020

The quality of designing public open spaces as a resort for leisure has an important role in the satisfaction of individuals. Feelings of pleasure and satisfaction will occur when a person has reached a relative level of physical and mental (environmental comfort) and is free from constraints. Also, one of the factors of satisfaction is environmental comfort due to climatic hierarchy. However, urban microclimate is one of the factors that is needed to design urban spaces and public open spaces in order to achieve environmental comfort and satisfaction. Therefore, according to the above, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of microclimates on environmental comfort in a space with tourism potential in the fields at the end of Vakilabad in Mashhad. In this regard, the research methodology is based on the analytical method with the help of inferential statistics and analysis with Autodesk Revit software. Also, to achieve this goal, understanding, and recognition the factors of environmental comfort of tourists and the microclimates affecting it can be considered as a way to solve many obstacles in attracting tourists to this area, which will be addressed in this study.

It is necessary to design structures with fabrics indicating the culture and identity, in such metropolises as Mashhad, in buildings like educational buildings, which are regarded as public, crowded buildings with high effects on society and could form a great number of buildings over the city. In this regard, attentions are mostly directed at creating designs which more adapt to the climatic features and increase the level of comfort. In the current study the focus is on folding surfaces with some kind of pantographic shell used in educational places. The study is mainly concerned with presenting a way for improving the efficacy of the smart models in designing the ceilings with folding shells. The studied pantographic structures were structures with elliptical arch, extensive folding structures with elliptical arch and domal folding structures with elliptical arch, which most of the time require a cover to protect them from the rain, sunlight or wind and could be connected to the main structure itself. In the current study, it is attempted to present a strategy for increasing and improving the efficacy of smart models for designing ceilings with folding shell, considering the climatic situation, tempreture and the residents’ density in the educational building. From the objectives viewpoint, the research method is practical, and it is attempted to define a new design in a practical way and achieve some palpable results to implement the results of the study, using two software programs of Designbuilder and Matlab. Accordingly, the situation was considered in the schools from the scale of 10, based on the the smart models for designing ceilings with folding shells and the distributed thermal comfort level based on the simulated models. The results show that there is a relationship between the matter mentioned and the optimization of energy consumption. With regards to the instruction of double-skin folding shell used in summer and winter, it was indicated that the best plan of  smart double-skin folding shell for obtaining the best situation for air conditioning is the instruction of double-skin folding (opening) shell used  for 6 hours in summer and 2 hours in winter, the instruction of double-skin folding shell (opening) used for 6.5 hours in summer and 2.5 hours in winter and the instruction of double-skin folding shell (opening) used for 5.5 hours in summer and 2 hours in winter.

in recent years, public participation as a comprehensive strategy for confronting the spread of cities to achieve smart growth in many developed countries was employed. the main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of participatory planning in residential neighborhoods in order to achieve smart growth and sub - objectives of this research is to develop criteria and sub criteria for realization of smart growth and participatory planning and study the role of participatory planning in order to achieve smart growth in veteran’s neighborhood. this research is an applied research in terms of purpose is descriptive _ analytical. the theoretical framework of this research was carried out using documentary and library studies. in fact, in this research efforts have been made to achieve macro goals, all stakeholders and stakeholders and decide for the future of the city, which will lead to programs and executive plans. the main part of the information of this research was evaluated through questionnaire distribution in order to know citizens ' perception of their living environment as well as gathering of social, economic and ect. the method of sampling was random and the sample size was calculated using cochran 's software. in this study, we used frequency distribution table, T - Test and chi-squre test. Also its taken advantage of shannon entropy model for analyzing smart growth;And its paid attention to determining prioritization of indicators and research components from authorities,citizens and specialists point of view.The approach that has been suggested for enhancing participation in regions for accessing to smart growth consists of awareness, social interaction, benefiting from private organizations,confidence and empowerment.Also its inferring that the physical development of the region is occurred as horizontal (spiral) in years 2011 to 2016, based on data and the amounts obtained from the result of shannon entropy model.

The relationship between texture, pattern and massing is a fundamental question in architecture. Classical architecture, as Leon Battista Alberti states in De Re Ae dificatoria, is first developed through massing and structure; texture is added afterwards to provide a bold massing and beautiful structure (Rietherand and Baerlecken, 2008: 2). This hierarchy has of course been challenged throughout the history of architecture. Review of the literature shows that most researchers have focused on Islamic ornamentation pattern based on the interior vision, in which the effect of exterior pattern is not considered. This paper will provide a different view of the relationship between massing and texture in Persian architecture through the study of tower tomb in Khorasan, built in Qaznavi and Seljuq era. After that, the effect of ornamental pattern on shaping building structure is considered. Since this research is done based on mathematic and geometric systems, the methodology in this paper is deductive reasoning. One of the main important results of this research is the meaningful relationship between ornamental pattern and structure in Iranian architecture.

Cities are the consequence of mankind civilization, therefore the first step in studying a civilization, is to study the characteristics of the cities. In a preliminary point of view, an Islamic city is a city which demonstrates Islamic values. In other words, the city was the presence of the culture of a society in form of a city. So assigning the characteristic of being Islamic to a city is based upon the features which roots from Islam religion. This investigation studies Esfahan as an urban civilization which ascribes to Islamic period through Seljuq (1037-1157) and Safavid (1501-1739) dynasties. The research progress takes part through a comparative analysis method that compares the characteristics of a geographical context during two different historical eras. Four main topics are being considered in this research; in the first section explains the main research method and theoretical framework. The second section is the studies about Esfahan city and in third section focuses on Seljuq and Safavid period. The final section is the final conclusions based on the first tree parts. Esfahan Islamic city during Seljuq and Safavid dynasties had many similarities. This city had a central urban authority space with various functions and a governmental identity. It was similar to a square that people would have gathered there for different rituals and this form of classification in urban spaces was a sign of equality between people with different religions in an Islamic city. The following research, aims at explaining the main characteristics of Islamic city based on searching in Islamic values of an urban civilization and comparing its features through different eras.

Today, on one hand, the need for "integrated urban management" to manage urban public affairs has become increasingly clear, given the spatial and demographic growth and the complexity of the issues and challenges of cities. On the other hand, one of the holistic approaches to urban planning to tackle current urban problems, especially in large cities, is the participatory approach of “Local Economic Development” (LED). Both integrated urban management strategies and the development of the local economy are presented as comprehensive and consistent models for the economic development of urban, regional and local environments. Therefore, the present study aims at a comparative study of the role of integrated urban management in the development of local economy. In the first step, indicators and components related to both approaches are extracted and then analyzed and selected in the study areas of the present study, namely, Iran and South Africa. This research is an analytical-descriptive study in terms of purpose, application and methodology, and its data collection was based on the study of library and documentary sources and their content analysis. The results of the study in both Iran and South Africa show that Iran has a leadership focus compared to South Africa on some areas of integrated urban management, such as coordination between the executive activities of city affairs agencies. The meta-organization has major weaknesses in organizing the dispersal of city affairs management, reporting the organization's performance to its citizens, the existence of trusts among the managers of the municipal affairs agencies, as well as the solidarity between the trustees of the urban affairs. Unfortunately, there are also problems with the development of the local economy in terms of creating economically productive programs, as well as providing daily urban services for low-income people. It can, therefore, be concluded that the local government and urban management systems, especially in the countries under study, have influenced the development of the local economy, in different ways, with the exception of the mechanisms and decisions related to the local economy in Africa. The South is largely responsible for local management tasks and functions, while in Iran it is usually not one of the main tasks of local management and is mostly in the area of macro management.

Environmental impact assessment is a tool to ensure the proper and correct implementation of a project, and it can be considered as a way to determine, predict and interpret the effects of a proposed project on the environment. In the process of assessing the effects of the environment, human judgments have always been effective in making decisions and with choosing the type of use or measuring the impact of developments on the environment.  In the present study, the environmental effects of Khurshid Park have been investigated through the rapid impact assessment matrix (RIAM). The matrices have been scored by experts in this field and their results have been presented through Pastakia model formulas in the form of a range of quantitative and qualitative changes. The result is that the negative effects of the project in the construction and exploitation phases are especially evident on the biological environment, so the implementation of environmental management and monitoring program is necessary for the project, and if there is the decrease in theof negative effects of the project in the construction phase and given the positive effects of the project in the eExploitation phase, the project is feasible and will have positive and beneficial effects in the short and long term onin the region. At the end of the research, environmental observation suggestions and solutions are presented to reduce the negative effects of Khurshid Mountain Park Mountain.

One of the factors that can affect crisis management is the resilience of urban areas. If we can make the regions resilient, in the next step we will be able to take the necessary measures after the crisis. The aim of this study is to analyze the physical indicators of resilience in District 11 of Mashhad. Research indicators in the discussion of physical resilience are the length of the main pipes of the facility, the network of arterial passages, buildings over 30 years old, hospital beds in proportion to population, area built and earthquake-resistant buildings. In relation to the location of these spaces, indicators of access to the communication network, medical services and population density and distance from fault factors, canals, aqueducts, gas and CNG stations, gas and electricity transmission lines, high-rise areas, high-rise buildings, the measurement is located. The research method is descriptive-analytical and applied in terms of purpose. For data analysis, the method of average sum of optimal distance distances is used, which is a quantitative method. In discussion of locating safe spaces, GIS software with Boolean location model method has been used. The results indicate that region 11 of Mashhad is physically resilient and the region has been proposed as suitable and unsuitable zones for location.

Chalipa is known as one of the oldest ancient symbols, and also one of the most popular motifs in Iranian art. The application of this concept in not limited to pottery and artworks, but in many other fields of art such as painting and architecture. This concept can be widely found in Iranian architectural patterns and decorative motifs during different periods of history, before and after Islam. The present article aims to investigate the meanings of the concept of Chalipa in different historical eras, and the reasons behind its durability in Iranian buildings and architecture. In this order, many historical evidences and materials had been studied with a critical approach. Several materials about ancient buildings such as plans and inscriptions had been studied in order to seek the evidences about Chalipa. Another important topic that has been investigated in this paper is the origins of this supernatural concept, and its effects on architectural geometry and formation during different historical periods. Consequently, an analogical approach has been taken based on the documentary studies with descriptive and analytical methods. The findings indicate that this concept has been a symbol of supernatural and sacred power in human life during different eras of history. As a result, the following concept can be found in geometric structures and ornamental elements of buildings in the template of four-square, dome house and pavilion, and also in valuable spiritual buildings such as tombs, houses of worship and mosques.

Religious buildings are the outstanding visualized symbols of devotion in the religious realm of belief and values which they are derived from. Hence, planners and artists have devoted the extent of their creativity - fearless and bountiful - to the enrichment of these monuments. These buildings as well as their architectural, artistic, structural and historical function also have communicative functions. Extent of message, variety of targets and types of arts has increased the importance of this function. Takaya were mostly used for religious ceremonies and religious-dramatic rites. This art is recently declining due to the lack of a permanent place for performance. Accordingly, this study addresses the morphological recognition of Takaya as a vital continuum through architectural and urban aspects and explores the necessity of its resurrection regarding the cultural requirements. This research has a qualitative nature and its type, concerning the conclusion, is applied; the method of data collection is documental- field and its reasoning method is cross sectional (analytical) descriptive. The findings show that Takaya, regarding their existence in context of a belief destiny of a city, have always has been a symbol of efficiency from the architectural potentials for strengthening the religious values system. Takaya because of their special structural functional semantic system, beside other places of same function in other countries, are considered a distinguished identity. Meanwhile as the only open spaces with the function of strengthening and consolidation of rituals in Muslim’s architecture and urban culture, own high credibility.

The culture of the West gradually penetrated the traditional Persian world and during transition period (late Qajar and Pahlavi I dynasty), the speed of westernization was doubled. The research problem is that due to changes, the lifestyle has undergone some changes, which has affected in particular housing entrances. This research examines the process of changes in the entrances of houses in eastern Iran during the transition period with an approach towards the principles of privacy. The statistical population includes over 200 identified houses built during the transition period, in the east of Iran. Forty houses (about 20 %) are selected as examples. The results show that the changes in the political, social and cultural structures provided the grounds for changes in the physical structure of cities. For various reasons, the physical changes of houses were less frequent and slower. The people of eastern Iran resisted as much as possible the social and cultural transformation as well as the physical changes it caused. Since the principle of Privacy in architecture is inextricably linked to religious beliefs and the lifestyle of the people of this area, the changes could not eliminate the privacy of entrances of the Iranian eastern houses.

Environmental psychology has been reinforced by focusing on the experiential sense of place in urban environment. In Iranian urban researches, the role of neighborhood center design to reinforce the social interaction and sense of place has not been adequately explored. The purpose of this study was to explore this claim that neighborhood center with its unique attributes can provide an approproiate place that residents promot their interaction within. The study was conducted in the form of a survey, with data being gathered via questionnaire from 174 randomly selected residents. Miandeh neighborhood center of Boshroyeh city in Iran was conducted as a case study. Analysis revealed that use singularity and appearance of alley encourage interaction between people in neighborhood center. The results also demonstrated that social interaction has an impact in increasing the sense of place in residents due to their interaction with other neighbors. The paper concludes by emphasizing that planners should consider the NC in design of urban space due to its contribution in the social interaction and sense of place in residents. Ultimately, existing elements in neighborhood center can create effective factors to make the image in people’s memories and provide social network and interaction between people with a place.