Modern Care Journal
Volume:21 Issue: 2, Apr 2024

 Since the early diagnosis of celiac disease (CD) is crucial, understanding its epidemiological characteristics can facilitate timely diagnosis and treatment. This study investigated CD's epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics in South Khorasan Province, Iran.

 This study aimed to clarify the epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations, and laboratory findings of patients with CD in South Khorasan Province.

 This descriptive epidemiological research was conducted on 110 individuals with CD referred to the Gastroenterology Clinic from March to August 2019. The data were acquired via a comprehensive questionnaire, encompassing the participants' demographic specifications, medical records, the symptoms of the disease, laboratory diagnostic evaluations, and biopsy results. The data were employed for epidemiological inquiry, and the corresponding analyses were performed in SPSS v. 22.

 The participants' mean age was 28.38 ± 15.25 years,78 (70.9%) were men, and 32 (29.1%) were women. The most common clinical gastrointestinal symptoms included abdominal pain in 70 (63.6%), diarrhea in 44 (40%), constipation in 43 (39.1%), and nausea in 35 (31.8%). Of the 83 biopsy cases, 3 (3.6%), 4 (4.8%), 9 (10.8%), 21 (25.3%), and 43 (55.4%) belonged to Marsh-I, Marsh-II, Marsh-IIIa, Marsh-IIIb, Marsh-IIIc categories, respectively.

 Most participants were male and aged 10 to 20 years. Abdominal pain was the most common clinical symptom. All the pathologically examined patients showed evidence of CD, while approximately two-thirds were serologically positive.

 Stressors during COVID-19, differing views on treatment and vaccination, and the relationship between COVID-19 infection and immune status have led to increased public interest in traditional and complementary medicine practices.

 This study was conducted to determine the beliefs, use levels, and attitudes of individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) concerning complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) methods.

 Snowball sampling was employed in this descriptive and cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 694 people living in Turkey who had COVID-19 and agreed to voluntarily participate. The data were collected with the introductory information form and the Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire (HCAMQ). The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS v. 26.

 In the study, 62.8% of the participants stated that they used CAM after being diagnosed with COVID-19; 85.5% of the participants stated that they used CAM for coughing, 84.2% to relieve breathing, 79.6% for shortness of breath, and 73.6% for strengthening immunity. Women had a more positive attitude towards CAM when compared to men. As the income level elevated, the attitude towards holistic health became more positive.

 The individuals employed various herbal approaches after they had been diagnosed with COVID-19, and women had a more positive attitude towards CAM than men did.

 The effects of multiple pregnancies on childbirth readiness (CR) and fear of childbirth (FC) have not been investigated in previous studies.

 This study aims to determine the childbirth readiness and fear of childbirth in multiple pregnancies and factors affecting CR and FC.

 This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from April to November 2022. The study data were collected using an online questionnaire created with Google Forms and the CR and FC sub-dimensions of the Prenatal Self-evaluation Questionnaire. Seventy-one women who filled out the data collection form were included in the study.

 The mean CR score was 23.19 ± 6.35, and the mean FC score was 26.54 ± 5.68. A statistically significant relationship was found between the mean scores of readiness for delivery and the fear of childbirth scores of multiple pregnant women (r = 0.42, P < 0.001). Regarding the pregnant women's readiness for birth, a statistically significant relationship was found between education status, employment status, duration of the marriage, desire for pregnancy, family type, and the way in which they became pregnant (F (122.136) = 4.575, P < 0.001). Accordingly, there was a negative significant relationship between the independent variables, the duration of marriage and income, and the mean birth readiness score, while a positive significant relationship was found between a desire for pregnancy and the mean fear of childbirth (R2 = 0.043, P < 0.05).

 It was determined that the mean scores of readiness for childbirth and fear of birth in multiple pregnant women were moderate, and the most important effect for these variables was related to willingness for pregnancy.

 In recent decades, spiritual well-being has gained fundamental importance in many healthcare environments. Spiritual well-being is important information about healthcare needs, allowing people to deal with mental stress.

 The present study aimed to determine the spiritual well-being of nurses working in Birjand University of Medical Sciences hospitals in 2022.

 In this cross-sectional study, 354 nurses working in the hospitals of the University of Medical Sciences in Birjand City in 2022 were selected by proportional stratified random sampling, and they completed the questionnaire related to demographic information and the standard questionnaire of spiritual well-being. Data were analyzed by SPSS v26 software and ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test, Pearson correlation, and chi-square at 0.05 significant level.

 The mean age of the nurses participating was 35.76 ± 7.29 years, and the mean total score of nurses' spiritual well-being was 180.55 ± 16.95. Most of the people in the field of communication with God (78.5%), self (58.8%), others (75.1%), and nature (78.5%), and the total score (52%) were in the medium level of spiritual well-being. There was a significant direct correlation between all dimensions of spiritual well-being (P < 0.001). Also, there was a statistically significant relationship between the mean score of spiritual well-being and age, employment status, and workplace hospital (zage = 7.76; z employment = 18.95; z workplace = 18.62; P < 0.05).

 Considering that the nurses were medium in terms of spirituality and spiritual well-being, it is suggested to hold educational workshops to improve the level of spiritual well-being of nurses.

 Pregnancy is a significant cause of sleep disorders, leading to adverse effects on the health of the mother and fetus.

 The current study aimed to investigate the association of sleep disorders with pregnancy outcomes during the third trimester.

 Following a descriptive-analytical approach, 100 pregnant women referring to the prenatal clinic of Mousavi Hospital of Zanjan City from April to September 2021 were recruited by convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire, filled by mothers, and a researcher-made checklist on pregnancy outcomes. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 24, and the significance level was considered at P ≤ 0.05.

 The mean age of participants was 32.43 ± 4.6 years and, 46 (46%) participants were at the age of 36 years and older, 62 (62%) participants were nulligravid, and 65 (65%) participants were nulliparous. There was a significant association between study outcomes (low birth weight, intrauterine growth delay, preterm, preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and gestational diabetes) and sleep disorders (P-value = 0.001).

 It seems that sleep disorders result in adverse pregnancy outcomes; however, further studies are needed to extend our knowledge.

 Procrastination is considered an obstacle to academic progress because increasing stress and negative consequences in the academic life of students reduce the quality and quantity of academic success.

 The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of reality therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) in the academic meaning and academic emotions of procrastinating students.

 The current study was an experimental study with a pre-post-test design. The study population included all undergraduate students of Payam Noor University, Bostanabad, East Azerbaijan province, Iran, in the academic year 2020-2021. The sample size included 45 subjects who were selected from the eligible students and divided into three groups based on random allocation using Random Number Generator software (version 1.3). The first experimental group received mindfulness training for 8 one-hour sessions, and the second experimental group received 8 one-hour sessions of reality therapy. Nevertheless, the control group did not receive any intervention. It should be noted that after the end of the study, a compressed combination of interventions was taught to the control group. To collect the data, questionnaires on procrastination (Tuckman, 1991), educational meaning (Henderson-King and Smith, 2006), and Pekrun’s academic emotions (Pekrun et al., 2002) were used. Finally, the collected data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and SPSS software (version 25).

 The results of MANCOVA showed that both MBCT and reality therapy had significant effectiveness in increasing positive emotions and academic meaning and reducing negative emotions compared to the control group (P < 0.01). Additionally, comparing the effectiveness of interventions showed that MBCT was more effective in increasing positive emotions than reality therapy (P < 0.01).

 Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy was more effective in increasing positive emotions and academic meaning than reality therapy. However, the present findings show a promising perspective. Therefore, university and school counseling centers can pay attention to the role of mindfulness interventions and reality therapy in the academic emotions and academic meaning of students.

 Sexual education is one of the required and challenging areas for empowering families. It seems necessary to use appropriate tools in identifying and promoting the sexual education of parents.

 This study aimed to investigate the construction and psychometric characterization of the Family-oriented and Developmental-based Sexuality Education Questionnaire for Iranian families.

 In this descriptive and survey research, the statistical population included all Iranian families in 2021. A number of 1,024 people throughout Iran were selected as the research sample using online sampling. The data were gathered through the Parental Sexual Education Style Questionnaire (PSESQ), Parental Self-efficacy Scale (PSES), and Family-oriented and Developmental-based Sexuality Education Questionnaire (F&DSEQ). The data were analyzed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, correlation coefficient, and exploratory factor analysis in SPSS 26 and AMOS 24 software.

 Three factors were extracted from the exploratory and factor analysis, including eleven factors in three general factors (sexuality education knowledge, attitude, and skills). These eleven factors could explain 58.319% of the variance in 58 items of the questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.92 for the whole questionnaire. Also, Cronbach's alpha of the components was in the range of 0.65 to 0.92.

 The Family-oriented and Developmental-based Sexuality Education Questionnaire has good reliability and validity and can be used to measure sexuality education knowledge, attitude, and skills. Therefore, F&DSEQ can be used in research, care, and educational interventions by specialists in the fields of nursing, midwifery, psychology, and family counseling.