نشریه مدیریت دانشگاهی
سال دوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 8، زمستان 1402)

Blockchain offers many innovative technologies to create authentic mechanisms in an open environment and thus becomes a promising solution to the authenticity problem in educational development. In order to better understand the role of blockchain, the aim of the current research was the effectiveness of education in the platform of blockchain. The current research method was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of research method. The statistical population of the research was the elites and education experts and university professors, and the sampling was done in a targeted way with the snowball method and according to the theoretical saturation in the sampling, and 15 people were selected from among them. A semi-structured interview was used to collect information. The method of data analysis was based on the open, central and selective coding approach of grand theory or data base method. Based on the categories in the form of 12 main categories in the heart of the 6 dimensions of the paradigmatic model in the form of causal conditions (1 category); main phenomenon (2 categories); solutions (3 categories); contexts (3 categories); environmental and mediating conditions (2 categories); Consequences (2 categories) were placed; Therefore, it is suggested to education to provide the necessary and legal infrastructure and fair access to information for the optimal use of this blockchain capacity.

Higher education plays an important and effective role in the education of society's human resources by providing appropriate platforms and opportunities to acquire and develop students' leadership skills. In fact, many higher education institutions consider developing students' leadership skills as an important mission of higher education in order to prepare graduates for future leaders. Therefore, identifying the basic competencies of student leadership is a basic and fundamental step to move towards the professional development of student leadership. The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying students' leadership competencies with a qualitative approach and thematic analysis method. The participants of the current research were 18 experts in the field of leadership and students who were responsible for leadership in scientific and academic organizations and associations, who were selected by snowball sampling. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. The interviews continued until theoretical saturation. In order to ensure the validity of the data obtained from the interview, the method of recoding and receiving feedback from the participants was used. After analyzing and coding the data and combining and adjusting the data, 54 main competencies were identified for student leadership competencies. Then the identified competencies were classified into 7 main categories (individual/personality, cognitive, psychological, managerial, interpersonal, technical and moral competencies(. The attention of universities to the development of competencies identified in this research can help to better develop talent and leadership competencies among students.

The aim of the current research was to explain competitive intelligence based on information technology competence with the mediation of quantum management skills in university managers. The research method was descriptive-correlation and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population included all the presidents, associate principal and managers of the groups of the six campuses of Semnan University, equal to 211, out of which, using the Cochran formula, there were 137 people using proportional stratified random sampling as a sample were chosen. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire based on research literature, including 20 questions with a 5-point Likert scale in four parts; Demographic questions, information technology competency (general developed skills, specialized developed skills); Quantum management skills (quantum knowledge and thinking, quantum feeling and perception, quantum trust and action), and competitive intelligence (organizational intelligence, social intelligence, competitors intelligence) whose validity and reliability based on content and convergent validity and combined and internally reliability were verified. The collected data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling method of the variance-oriented approach. The results showed; information technology competence has the most direct effect on quantum management skills. The direct effect of information technology competence on competitive intelligence was greater than the direct effect of quantum skills on competitive intelligence. Also, the results of the research showed that information technology competence estimates 0.29 of the changes in the competitive intelligence of university managers through the mediation of quantum management skills. The achievement of the present study provides a suitable scientific-technical tool for the strategic planning of the development of competitive human capital of the university administrators to the policy makers and decision makers of the higher education system.

The purpose of this research is to examine the challenges and reasons for the burnout of physical education students and their management in Diyala Province, Iraq. The current research is correlational in terms of method, applied in terms of purpose, and field in terms of location. The statistical population of this research is all physical education students in Diyala province of Iraq, who were selected as a sample out of 340 people and according to Cochran's formula, 181 people were selected as a sample. The sampling method was simple random research. The data collection tools in this research include three academic burnout questionnaires by Berso et al. (1997), Siraj's teaching quality questionnaire (2002) and the standard learning motivation questionnaire by Kashif et al. (2013). The reliability of Brusso's burnout questionnaire (1997) was calculated by its creators as 0.79, the quality of teaching by Siraj (2002) using Cronbach's alpha as 0.76, and the learning motivation by Kashif et al. (2013) as 0.82. Data analysis is in two parts, descriptive statistics (mean and median, etc.) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation test and regression, etc.), which were analyzed by SPSS23 software. The research results showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between academic burnout, teaching quality and learning motivation. Also, there is a positive and significant relationship between learning motivation and teaching quality. It seems that by increasing the favorable relationship between professors and students, as well as increasing the quality of professors' teaching, and as a result, increasing the academic motivation of physical education students, it is possible to overcome their academic burnout.

Corporate social responsibility is an evolving concept that has been increasingly proposed by societies and organizations with the aim of creating sustainable organizational growth. However, there is still limited knowledge about the factors affecting this concept. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of green human resources management on the social responsibility of the organization with the mediating role of employees' green behavior. The current research is an applied research in terms of its purpose, and a descriptive-survey research in terms of collecting data and information. The statistical population of this research is 320 employees of Shiraz Azad University and the statistical sample size is 175 employees based on Cochran's formula. The data collection method was through a questionnaire and the data analysis method was from the structural equation modeling approach. The results of this research showed that green human resource management has a significant effect on the green behavior of employees and the social responsibility of the organization. Also, the green behavior of employees has a significant effect on the social responsibility of the organization; And finally, green human resource management has a significant effect on the social responsibility of educational organizations with the mediating role of employees' green behavior.

Virtual learning refers to all forms of teaching and learning that are implemented and supported electronically and are based on values such as being student-centered, independent, self-directed, and active. The aim of this research is to examine the challenges in teaching and assessment within the virtual environment. To gather the findings of this research, we used a library-based method, which is classified as fundamental research. The investigations conducted regarding the challenges facing virtual learning showed that in this context, challenges can be observed for both students and teachers and parents. This is because children become overly dependent on visual and smart devices, which reduces learners' motivation and makes it difficult for some families to provide the necessary internet access. The use of this space has caused teachers to spend insufficient time teaching in their classrooms and to use other people's materials excessively, and real assessment in this space is quite difficult and not so widely accepted. Regarding the challenges of assessment, written assessments, classroom Q&A, class presentations, and electronic portfolios can be mentioned, which are all explained in detail in the text.