فصلنامه پژوهش های مدیریت در ایران
سال بیست و هفتم شماره 3 (پیاپی 121، پاییز 1402)

Banks, as key participants in the financial market, play a crucial role in expediting production processes and driving economic growth. They achieve this by gathering savings and idle liquidity, and channeling these resources into vital economic sectors. Enhancing efficiency and performance is a primary management objective for these institutions, as it leads to improved productivity. However, given the multitude of indicators and criteria used to assess efficiency, it is essential to identify and employ appropriate indicators based on specific guidelines. This study adopts an analytical-descriptive approach, collecting data from 2014 to 2019 through documentary research and surveys. The goal is to identify the influential indicators for evaluating the efficiency of commercial banks in Iran, as determined by a panel of experts. These indicators are then prioritized using factor analysis and the Fuzzy Delphi method. The findings reveal the existence of 19 key factors that determine bank efficiency, categorized into 7 main groups. These factors encompass financial, human, environmental and geographical, structural and organizational, physical, technical, and financial ratios. Together, they account for 62.45% of the total variance and serve as the most significant inputs and outputs that explain and determine the efficiency of commercial banks in Iran.

Value creation is one of the oldest concepts in the field of management and economics. Despite the simplicity of the concept of value, the depth and exact meaning of this word has not been investigated by researchers as it deserves. This is when the importance of creating the value of human resources has grown and in recent years has become the existential philosophy of human resources management. Identifying its components in Iran's administrative system is the main topic of this research. In this research, which has been conducted in a number of cultural, religious and tourism institutions, the research method is thematic analysis, and managers and experts with more than 5 years of experience in human resources management units are the statistical population of this research. Data analysis shows 51 basic themes and 16 organizing themes. The obtained results show that the employees of the executive bodies are in the focus of human resources management in the country's public sector, and the creation of human resources value is done mostly for them and by focusing on the traditional approaches of human resources management. On the other hand, creating value for other stakeholders, especially people, is less important to managers and employees of human resources management units in government institutions.

Development in specialized ecosystems requires value creation and innovative businesses. Studies show that the creation and exchange of value between institutions can lead to the development of ecosystems. This research was conducted with the aim of providing a process model of the intermediary institution in value creation in inter-institutional cooperation. The present study was conducted with a qualitative method and the foundation's data theory approach. In order to collect information, in-depth interviews with 19 experts in the field of innovation were used. The study started with targeted sampling of interviews, and in order to analyze the data, a comparative analysis method was used according to Strauss and Corbin. After analyzing the data of more than 1332 propositions from the interviews, more than 216 open codes, 19 central categories, and 6 main categories were found. "Innovation mediation institution in creating inter-institutional values", "joint cooperation program", "joint value creation", "institutional interaction networking", "trust network", "innovation mediation institution" and "innovation mediation processes" were found as main categories. . It was also found that the performance of the innovation intermediary institution through strengthening inter-institutional networking and with the mechanism of joint cooperation programs leads to the creation of common value between specialized ecosystem institutions.

Strategic human resources can be considered as an excellent way to manage employees and coordinate with the future goals of the organization. With this perspective, human resource empowerment programs are formulated in line with the organization's strategies.The purpose of this research is to provide a strategic model of human resource empowerment based on the integration of transformational leadership strategies, Job involvement and dimensions (individual, organizational and strategic) of empowerment in water and waste water companies in West and East Azarbaijan provinces. The research method is of qualitative type and in terms of results it is considered as applied research. The meta-synthesis method was used in the qualitative section and the structural-interpretive modeling method was used to draw the structural model. The results of the research show that the obtained integrated model includes 12 levels and 29 factors in 3 dimensions. The vision, missions and values index is placed at level 12 and is considered as the most influential index and directly affects the criteria of level 11, policies and processes. Employee indicators are feedback, participation in decision, control and sense of competence in the first level, which are selected as the most effective level. This research is one of the first studies that has analyzed and reviewed the internal relationship of the components in the form of a consolidated model in the water and wastewater industry in an aligned and coordinated manner.

There is a kind of supply chain services that the products are not considered as a commodity, and a combination of products and service or only service is exchanged in these chains. Despite the importance of these supply chains, the research literature is not very rich and the need for further strengthening in this area is quite evident. Hospital service supply chains are also the type of service supply chains that should be taken into consideration. The aim of the current research was to optimize the supply chain of hospital services. For this purpose, library studies were first conducted and the research gap was extracted. Then, a multi-objective mathematical planning model was designed based on research innovation and its assumptions, the first objective was to minimize the cost, the second objective was to minimize the unrealized demand, and the third objective was to maximize the commitment of suppliers. After the solution, the model was validated based on fast-moving and non-moving goods, and the results showed that the parameters of the model all lead to a worsening of the solution, causing an increase in cost and unfulfilled demand and a decrease in employee commitment. But the goal of employee commitment has changed more than other goals due to the increase in parameters, and sometimes this commitment is reduced by 70%. The parameter of demand for fast-moving consumer goods has the greatest effect on cost and unrealized demand.

The main purpose of this research is to identify and develop a model for responsible strategies of companies with the meta-synthesis method. The present study is developmental in terms of purpose, qualitative in terms of data nature, and terms of data collection is a documentary meta-synthesis. For this purpose, after going through the steps of this method and analyzing the articles, 68 articles were examined and 594 primary codes were extracted. Thematic analysis techniques were used in the analysis phase of the findings. Finally, after analyzing all the articles, 10 concepts, and 29 secondary codes were extracted. These concepts include macro-level antecedents, organization-level antecedents, responsible strategic orientation, integrated responsible corporate governance, regulatory strategies, comprehensive strategies(as content and contextual concepts of strategy); implementation drivers, institutionalization components (as process concepts), and finally internal and external consequences. In the identified model of responsible strategies, the existence of a responsible corporate governance system plays a central role in the strategic choices of companies and the balancing of responsible orientations, which can ultimately achieve synergy value through the correct and optimal implementation of these strategies.

The distribution system of agricultural products has the important responsibility of delivering food to households and reducing hunger around the world. In this regard, the present research was conducted based on interpretative paradigm with the aim of a systematic bibliometric review and content analysis of agricultural product distribution system studies. For this purpose, after a systematic search in the Scopus and WOS databases, 331 related articles from 1974 to 2023 were selected based on the PRISMA protocol and entered into the bibliometric package in R software and VOSviewer software. The obtained database was analyzed based on the bibliometric techniques of citation analysis, bibliometric coupling, key word co-occurrence, conceptual thematic analysis, and content analysis. The findings showed that four clusters—"symbiosis of distribution system members", "distribution system networking with external partners", "customer satisfaction with the distribution system," and "distribution system performance"—were identified from the studies. The results of this study suggest the use of a multi-network distribution system and the use of Third-Party Logistic (3PL) providers capabilities for better distribution of agricultural products.