پژوهش نامه نظم و امنیت انتظامی
سال هفدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 65، بهار 1403)

The sense of security is a perceptual and subjective phenomenon and interprets the actors' understanding of the veil with multiple meanings; and it leads women to cover diverse behavior. The perpose of the present research was to understand the Hijab with a sense of security among girls and women who can be interpreted by relying on Giddens existential security.

In this research, from the qualitative approach and the strategy of the thematic analysis method based on semi-structured interviews among young women and girls of Mashhad city, relying on targeted sampling of the type of maximum diversity, with selected findings as far as persuasion and saturation. Scientifically, the data was collected, and the coding and analysis process was done based on qualitative software.

The results of the research include six key categories of being safe from meaningful looks, being safe from verbal assaults, being safe from physical assaults, being safe from theft and pickpocketing, being safe from coercion and bullying, labels Not eating" three selective categories" sexual-gender security, social security and psychological security have been achieved.

Hijab can be a positive and negative phenomenon, a type of immunity in different dimensions, which enhances women's sense of security. Meanwhile, women who pay attention to hijab from the point of view of agency, consider this issue as one of the most important frameworks of divine decrees to guarantee individual happiness and security of humanity, as well as women activists who consider hijab as a social issue. They strengthen their collective identity through covering, enjoy relative immunity and feel very safe in their social interactions.

The performance of the police is always subject to the judgment of public opinion, that appropriate methods of persuasion can play a role in the psychological safety and positive attitude of the people towards the police. This research was done in order to identify the ways of psychological persuading public opinion about police performance.

This research was qualitative in nature and of the type of expert meeting. The community of research participants included professors, experts and elites of the police force, 12 of them were selected purposefully and participated in the expert meeting to discuss and comment on the topic of the research. Comments and discussions were coded in three steps using MAXQDA-20 software.

The coding showed that the methods of psychological persuading public opinion about police performance consist of 9 dimensions: policies (2 components), interaction (2 components), sociability (4 components), audience awareness (2 components) and capacities (4 components), competent police (3 components), implementation (3 components), challenges (2 components) and weaknesses (2 components).

Psychological persuasion of public opinion about police performance is the product of a structured network of the role of the police, society elites, partner institutions and members of the society, which are interactively related to each other, and attention and building capacity for its application can facilitate and strengthen the persuasion process.

The feeling of security is one of the natural human needs, and one of the factors affecting it is the bonding social capital of people. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of bonding social capital on the feeling of social security in Kurdistan province.

The method used in this research is a descriptive method of cross-sectional survey type. The statistical population of the research consists of all the citizens of Kurdistan province over 15 years of age, whose number is equal to 1,219,922 people, and according to the table of Krejcie and Morgan, 384 of them were selected as a sample. The sample selection method was multi-stage cluster sampling and the data collection tool was a questionnaire. The face validity of the questionnaire was ensured by the agreement of the judges and its reliability was ensured through Cronbach's alpha test.

The respondents' mean feeling of social security was 3.29 and their bonding social capital mean was 3.73 (range 1 to 5). The findings indicate that the effect of bonding social capital on the feeling of social security (0.415) and its dimensions are life security (0.280), financial (0.383), intellectual (0.166) and moral security (0.281) was significant. Also, the dimensions of bonding social capital, including bonding participation (0.258), bonding trust (0.222), feeling of belonging (0.224), social integration (0.154), education (-0.167) and age (0.272) of the respondents on the feeling of security their society has had a significant effect. In addition, the findings show that there was a significant difference in the respondents' feeling of social security according to their sex.

The results of the research show that in Kurdistan Province, the feeling of social security is on average, but bonding social capital is high, so that 63.8 of the respondents had high or very high bonding social capital. Considering the negative effect of bonding social capital on the social security feeling, it can be said that bonding social capital is a kind of conscious plan to compensate for the inefficiency of bureaucratic organizations.

The new governance is an issue, especially in the development of the issue in the establishment and institution of civil society in the policies related to the granting of aid from a special position, which is raised with the aim of achieving sustainable development and in which it is reduced. Poverty, job creation and sustainability, growth and development of the environment and development of women become life.

The research was carried out in terms of purpose, basis, and method of theory. The research community of experts in the field of management in the field of government management, human resources and information technology (book or internal article) and managers and assistants and senior experts in the field of artificial intelligence and information technology created. Theoretical saturation software 17 people were selected by purposive sampling method. The data were collected and standardized by semi-structured interview using maxqda12 software.

The findings of this research yielded 146 basic concepts(open code), 27 main concepts(personality code), which in the form of a paradigm model includes 6 codes including causal factors(4 components and 20 indicators), background factors(6 components) and 39 indicators), strategic factors(5 components and 35 indicators), intervening factors(3 components and 14 indicators), the main phenomenon(4 components and 18 indicators) and consequences(5 components and 20 indicators) were presented.

The result of this research indicated that the main phenomena (institutionalization of religious rites, expansion of the central role of managers, individual ethics and qualification and optimization) had a greater impact than other categories in the paradigm model.

According to Clause 8 of Article 4 of the law on the formation of the National Security Agency, crime prevention is one of the important missions of the Islamic Republic of Iran's law enforcement command. But the wide range of duties and the number of specialized police officers in the field of crime prevention make the necessity of an integrated police management more concrete in order to prevent crime. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of knowing and investigating the aspects of integrated police management of crime prevention in the police command of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

The current research is a qualitative research of the type of oriented content analysis, which is practical in terms of purpose. Its statistical population consists of 18 managers, heads of departments and expert experts of Faraja specialized police, who were selected in a targeted way. The method of collecting field data and its tool is semi-structured interview. Also, Max Kyuda software was used for data analysis.

Crime prevention management in the police field requires more concentration and integration, and the principle of unity of command, maximum inter-departmental interactions and coordination, organizational cohesion, comprehensiveness and police intelligence in different fields are among its most important dimensions.

Considering the number of specialized police officers at the local level and the extent of the mission area in the country's vast geography, each of them has a significant influence in different levels of crime prevention in the scope of their duties; Integrated police management in the prevention of crime by Faraja, in the dimensions of unity of command, interactions and coordination between specialized police, coherence of preventive activities, holistic view and smartening of processes, can be considered and requires serious review and attention.

This research has studied the validation of the conceptual model of the social capital of the Iranian police with the aim of identifying and determining the components of the social capital of the Iranian police and strengthening it in the organizational plans and procedures of the police. The results of the research findings of others regarding the prevention of the erosion of the social capital of the Iranian police and the strengthening of this capital have useful results in strengthening the relationship between the police and the people, and its consequence is the general provision of the general security of the society, the basis of other social subsystems, and many problems and issues of policing and It reduces the security of the country with the participation of the people.

The research method was a bit of a survey. In terms of purpose, it has been applied and in terms of nature, it has been descriptive-correlational. The statistical population includes all citizens of Tehran over 18 years of age, and according to Morgan's table, 384 people were selected and according to the multi-stage cluster sampling method, the required information was collected from the statistical sample using a questionnaire tool. For the reliability and validity of the tool, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis had an acceptable statistical adequacy. In the analysis of data, using Lisrel software version 8/5, the structural validation of the social capital of the Iranian police had an acceptable statistical fit.

The results of the social survey to validate the social capital of Iran's police using the model of Lisrel's structural equations and its output in the first and second order, showed that five structural variables: 1. the credibility and social dignity of the police, 2. the legitimacy and social acceptability of the police, 3. Police authority, 4. People's social participation with the police and 5. Social trust in the police, include the structural factors that build the social capital of the Iranian police.

The matrix of multiple relationships between these five structural variables has reliability and reliability in terms of statistical correlation and has a very good statistical fit. Therefore, the components and indicators of the social capital of Iran's police are theoretically and from the perspective of validating the conceptual model, scientifically and methodologically, it has the ability to be generalized in the whole country.