نشریه مدیریت راهبردی در سیستم های صنعتی
پیاپی 66 (زمستان 1402)

There is limited knowledge about consumer behavior, particularly their choices regarding purchasing and using products and services offered by startups in developing countries. This article aims to create a strategic model of consumer behavior in selecting enjoyable products based on factors influencing services in startups within the country. The approach taken in the article is qualitative and practical. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews, employing the database theory strategy, which includes open-centered and selective coding methods. The fundamental model of this theory was utilized to derive the model presented in the article. Snowball sampling, a targeted sampling method, was employed for participant selection to achieve theoretical saturation. The article's findings show a validated and wellfitted model comprising six primary categories or dimensions: pleasurable shopping motivations, store characteristics, individual characteristics, communication strategies, customer loyalty, and 23 sub-dimensions. The study reveals that pleasurable incentives contribute value to consumers, ultimately enhancing startup companies' marketing strategies for their products' growth and success.

Given the complex conditions of businesses today and the occurrence of events such as the COVID-19 epidemic, organizations are thinking about higher operational speed and agility in the context of digital transformations. With the changes brought about by the fourth industrial revolution and digital transformations, organizations and supply chains should move towards using the components of the fourth industrial revolution. In this regard, the main objective of this study is to assess and select pharmaceutical suppliers in hospitals in line with the paradigms of viable supply chains. Considering the paradigms of viable supply chains (Lean-Agility, Resilience, Sustainability, and Digitalization), 21 criteria have been selected for evaluating suppliers. The criteria and sub-criteria have been weighted using the hybrid FDEMATEL-FBWM method, wherein the paradigms of Lean-Agility, Resilience, Digitalization, and Sustainability are of respective importance. Among the sub-criteria for evaluating suppliers, speed, distance, supply capacity, information sharing, financial capability, and crisis management have been chosen as the most important. According to the weights obtained from the mentioned hybrid method, suppliers have been prioritized using the VIKOR method. The findings of this study have been compared with the combined FAHP-TOPSIS method for validation due to the novelty of the solution method.

Uncertainty in the supply chain is considered as a fundamental and important issue in order to make appropriate decisions for supply chain managers and designers. In this article, in order to deal with this issue, a three-level supply chain under random demand is proposed using two decentralized and coordinated models, in which the profit increase of each actor in the chain (supplier-manufacturer-retailer) considered. In the decentralized model under the scenario-based stochastic demand, the retailer and the manufacturer separately decide on the order quantity and investment by considering the scenario-based stochastic CSR-sensitive demand. A wholesale price contract with two adjustable levels is proposed to persuade three levels to enter into a coordination scheme. According to the comparisons made between the results of the algorithms, it was found that the coordinated model performed better than the other algorithm in reducing chain costs and increasing profits. In particular, it can be acknowledged that the coordinated model performed better than the decentralized model by about 144.39% and was able to increase the profit of the chain.

There is limited knowledge about consumer behavior, particularly their choices regarding purchasing and using products and services offered by startups in developing countries. This article aims to create a strategic model of consumer behavior in selecting enjoyable products based on factors influencing services in startups within the country. The approach taken in the article is qualitative and practical. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews, employing the database theory strategy, which includes open-centered and selective coding methods. The fundamental model of this theory was utilized to derive the model presented in the article. Snowball sampling, a targeted sampling method, was employed for participant selection to achieve theoretical saturation. The article's findings show a validated and well-fitted model comprising six primary categories or dimensions: pleasurable shopping motivations, store characteristics, individual characteristics, communication strategies, customer loyalty, and 23 sub-dimensions. The study reveals that pleasurable incentives contribute value to consumers, ultimately enhancing startup companies' marketing strategies for their products' growth and success.

Omni-channel is a cross-channel business model that companies use to increase and improve customer relationships. Companies that use Omni-channel believe that the customer's value is the ability to continuously contact the company through multiple ways at the same time. In Omni-channel, all customer behaviors are fully predicted and supported in all communication channels and contact points, so that if during the purchase process, the customer changes direction from one communication channel to another, there will be no impact or deficiency in the result of his purchase. In this research, we seek to investigate the cause-effect relationships of the criteria affecting procurement time, cost, and customer satisfaction in Omni-channel distribution network using DEMATEL method. Therefore, by using DEMATEL’s method, the criteria affecting the causal relationships are carried out so that, in addition to the long-term planning process, it has the ability to deal with future uncertainties. According to the calculations and analysis, it was found that the criteria of product inventory, responsiveness, responsibility, communication with the customer, identification and selection of distributors, information technology capability, customer expectations, in the process of improving the procurement time, cost and customer satisfaction in Omni-channel distribution network as handicap factors can play a very effective role in attracting customers and increasing market share in competitive markets. The results showed that among the most important effective factors in improving the procurement time, cost and customer satisfaction in Omni-channel distribution network, the factors of customer return rate and government laws can be mentioned.

Choosing the right strategy for maintenance and repairs in an equipment-oriented organization is very important and has a direct impact on productivity, profitability and cost. Maintenance and repairs play an important role in maintaining the reliability of production quality, reducing waste, reducing risk, increasing efficiency and increasing joint satisfaction, etc. Among the most important strategies of maintenance and repairs, we can mention the corrective and preventive maintenance and repairs based on condition and reliability, which according to the situation and environmental conditions, the application of each one has advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of this article is to provide a general method for choosing the best strategy for maintenance and repairs in equipment-oriented organizations such as water and sewage. It has been tried to use the method of confirmatory factor analysis to model the structural equations of least partial squares, the factors affecting the choice of maintenance and repairs strategy by expert questionnaire and SMSRT PLS software, which is a useful software for the modeling of structural equations of least partial squares, have been investigated and confirmed factors. In order to prioritize the four maintenance strategies of preventive, predictive, corrective and based on reliability by AHP technique, which process requires breaking the decision problem with several indicators into a hierarchy of levels, it should be used in EXPERT CHOISE software. The results of this analysis have determined the first priority of using the method of preventive maintenance and repairs to advance the goals of maintaining the company's critical equipment.

The aim of this study was to present an optimization model and policy formulation for product assortment in Refah chain stores. The research method employed in this study was a mixed approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative section utilized a grounded theory approach while the quantitative section employed a descriptive correlational design. The qualitative sample consisted of 10 experts who were purposefully selected based on theoretical saturation and targeted sampling. In the quantitative section, the statistical population included managers of layout, purchasing Based on the sample size estimation formula by Cochran, the sample size for the quantitative section was calculated to be 114 individuals. The sampling method employed was multi-stage cluster random sampling. Data collection tools in the qualitative section included interviews, while questionnaires were used in the quantitative section. To assess the validity and reliability of the results in the qualitative section, strategies such as credibility, transferability, confirmability, process audit, and intra-subjective agreement were employed. In the quantitative section, formal validity, content validity, and structural validity were measured, and Cronbach's alpha was used to assess reliability. Data analysis in the quantitative section involved three stages of coding: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. In the quantitative section, partial least squares structural equation modeling was used. The findings showed that the central phenomenon influenced by store logistics, financial capacity, suppliers, and product branding. Furthermore, the central phenomenon could lead to the formation of strategies for monitoring, generating additional income, optimizing product placement, and adhering to marketing principles,