مجله تحقیق در علوم دندانپزشکی
سال بیست و یکم شماره 3 (پیاپی 81، پاییز 1403)

Acidic drinks cause non-microbial dental wear, which causes irreversible changes in the enamel and increase the tooth's susceptibility to decay, as well as increasing the adhesion of plaque and reducing the beauty of the composite. Therefore, in order to compare the effect of some common drinks on surface roughness. Tooth enamel and a type of composite were used in this research.

This research was done experimentally and in vitro. A total of 72 samples including 36 dental group samples (group 1) and 36 composite samples (group 2) were divided.
18 qualified premolar teeth (without mass, cracks and decay) and after washing with distilled water and removing contamination with 0.5% chloramine solution at room temperature Then the roots of the teeth were cut from the CEJ region and enamel blocks (labial and lingual) were prepared from their crowns. After mounting the enamel blocks and washing and drying them, and 36 discs were prepared from microhybrid composite and after curing and polishing the initial roughness of the blocks was measured with a profilometer. Then the samples were randomly divided into three groups (Hype, Delster, Cocacola). The samples were placed in their drink group three times a day for 20 minutes and during 14 days, and then the final Roughness with the same Profilometer was measured. Finally, the data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons, two-way ANOVA and T-test.

All drinks in this research increase the roughness of teeth and composites. In the comparison between the effects of the three mentioned drinks on tooth enamel roughness, there is a significant difference. And it was the highest in “Hype” group (P<0.05)  It is more in Delster group than Cocacola group, but this difference is not statistically significant (p>0.05). In the composite groups, the hype drink caused the most changes in the composites, which was significant compared to the Cocacola group (p<0.05) and not significant compared to the Delster group (p>0.05). In the comparison between dental groups and composite groups, changes in dental groups are more than composite in all types of drinks and there is a significant difference in Hype (p<0.05).

All types of carbonated drinks increased the roughness of teeth and composites, and also acidic drinks have a greater effect on teeth compared to composites. increase the roughness with Hype drink is more than Delster and cocacola.

Periodontal surgeries complications and related factors are one of the most important things that surgeons in each clinic should be aware of to prevent them. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine and compare the frequency, severity and trend of complications after periodontal flap surgeries with and without ostectomy and related factors in the periodontics department of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

patients in the periodontics department of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, who underwent periodontal flap surgery or gingivectomy, were included in this prospective study. The pain, swelling, and bruising levels were asked on the same day, one and three days later. At the follow-up session on the seventh day, the pain, swelling and bruising levels were asked again, the tenderness and swelling levels were recorded by the surgeon, and flap dehiscence and pus presence were assessed. The difference between the complications’ levels on different days and also the difference in their trends between different surgeries was measured by GEE test, alongside testing the association of background and surgery characteristics with the complications’ levels by Mann-Whitney and correlation tests.

The pain and swelling means on days 0 and 1 respectively were significantly higher than other days. The trend of means for complications were not different between the two groups of flap surgery with and without ostectomy. Tenderness, swelling, flap dehiscence and pus were present in 31%, 31%, 1% and 0% of patients after one week, respectively.

Complications after periodontal flap surgeries were uncommon, except for mild pain and swelling.

Pulpotomy of primary teeth is a common and daily treatment in pediatric dentistry, and by performing this treatment properly and accurately, tooth pain, infection, and extraction can be prevented. Considering the advantages and disadvantages of various pulpotomy treatment methods, it is necessary to evaluate the success rate of these methods (pulpotomy), in an educational environment.

The intended study is a descriptive study. The files in the pediatric department were reviewed by a dental student. Patients, age range three to seven years old were selected from both genders, boys and girls. Through phone calls, patients were asked to present for a follow-up visit. After obtaining consent, and according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, The examination was performed using a mirror and explorer and the dental unit’s light. Periapical radiography (parallel technique) was used for radiographic evaluation. To reduce the error of interpretation, each radiograph was evaluated by two people (student and supervisor) independently. The results were statistically analyzed by SPSS20 and descriptive chi-square test.

35 participated in this study which 90 of their  primary molar were treated by  formocresol  in the last 24 months.43/7% of patients were boy and 56/3% were girl.70/3 % of teeth were treated by stainless steel crown,27/8 % by  amalgam and 1 %by composite after pulpotomy procedure. In total,23 cases f all examined teeth had pathological clinical signs, and 66 cased had pathological radiographic signs.

Finally  ,the clinical   and radiographic success rate of pulpotomy was estimated   respectively 76/9 % and 44%.

Thalassemia major is a common genetic anemia disorder that causes dental problems such as dental caries and malocclusion. In this study, we investigated the effect of malocclusion severity on quality of life of patients with thalassemia major.

In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, 37 patients with thalassemia major participated. Patients' oral health quality of life was assessed based on orthognathic quality of life questionnaire (OQLQ) and malocclusion severity was measured by index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN). Data was analyzed by Spss26 and One Way Anova with significance level less than 0.05.   

In this study, it was found that quality of life associated with malocclusion was poor in 43.2% of patients with thalassemia major. Regarding the severity of malocclusion, 94.6% of people were in grade 3 to 5 and the highest prevalence was related to grade 3 (45.9%). There was no significant relationship between quality of life and malocclusion severity or gender (P>0.05).

 Approximately half  of patients with thalassemia major had poor quality of life associated with malocclusion, and nearly all patients showed moderate to severe orthodontic treatment need. With increasing severity of malocclusion, no significant change was observed in quality of life. There was also no significant relationship between quality of life and gender and age.

Adherence of dentists to the principles of professional ethics and decision-making based on this framework guarantees the health of patients. The purpose of this research was to investigate the moral skills of dental students in the clinical course in 1402.

In this descriptive study of professional ethics indicators based on the Persian version of the "Moral Skills Inventory" questionnaire, whose validity and reliability were proven by Afshar et al., in 283 general students (semesters 6 to 12) of the Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran. was evaluated.  The data was collected by a 40-question questionnaire and self-reported by the students, and the data analysis was done using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and multiple linear regression.

Of the 283 students examined, 52.7% were male and 47.3% were female. The average age of the students was 25.44 ± 3.27 years and their average GPA was 15.91 ± 1.26.  The overall score of moral skills was 38.10±6.65, and the highest moral skills obtained included sensitivity, integrity, courage, and moral reasoning, respectively. The results showed that moral integrity was significantly higher in females than in males (P=0.013). ) and in males, moral reasoning has a higher score than females (P=0.048). Also, a positive and significant relationship was seen between academic grade and moral sensitivity (P=0.007).

The students' professional moral skills were below the average level. Revision of the dental curriculum in the field of ethics, longitudinal training of professional ethics and the use of group training based on clinical scenarios can be effective in improving students' ethical skills.

Teaching practical skills is one of the most significant aspects of teaching medical students. The present study aims to compare the two methods of displaying the educational video and demonstration at the patient’s bedside in teaching the correct technique of internal bleaching of endodontic teeth.

Thirty dental students who were taking Theoretical Endo2 Course were equally divided into two groups according to their score of Theoretical Endo1 Course and the GPA of the previous years. After the theoretical training about internal bleaching of non-vital teeth, they received practical training in the form of demonstration at patient's bedside or by educational video. After that, students completed a survey questionnaire about the effectiveness of the educational method and an attitude and general satisfaction questionnaire. Also student’s theoretical endo2 score for “internal bleaching” section were evaluated. The data were evaluated, analyzed, and compared using a T-test in different groups. P<0.05 was considered significant.

There was no significant difference between mean ages of the participants in two groups. Also there was no significant difference between their score in final exam. (P=0.541) No significant difference was observed between the attitudes of the students of the two groups of clinical educational videos and demonstration at the bedside (P=0.497). Also, no significant difference was observed between the two educational methods regarding the effectiveness indicators from the student's point of view (P>0.05).

Due to the lack of significant difference between the method of training with a demonstration at the patient's bedside and video, it seems that the method of video can be considered as a method along with conventional method but not as a substitute for them.

Investigation of the most common and most important diagnostic-therapeutic needs of patients within a healthcare system is pivotal for effective planning and policymaking. This study aimed to examine the dental treatment needs of 7-12-years-old students of Babol, Iran.

This retrospective study involved 729 students (264 girls and 465 boys) from elementary schools of Babol, Iran, who were actively attending school during the academic year 2015-2016. Information concerning the dental treatment needs of students was extracted from forms containing oral and dental examination data, as regulated by the Ministry of Health. The data were then subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 26 software by Chi-square test at significance level of 0.05.

The prevalence of dental decay among students aged 7 to 12 in Babol city was 93.5%. The most treatment needs were pulp therapy (517 students, 70%), restorative treatment (481 students, 66%), and fissure sealant (422 students, 58%), respectively. For permanent first molars, the highest therapeutic needs were fissure sealant (402 students, 55%) followed by restorative treatment (365 students, 50%). Notably, the frequency of the need for pulp therapy in the 7-9 age group exceeded that in the 10-12 age group (p<0.001), and there was a higher frequency of scaling needs among boys compared to girls (p<0.001).

Almost all students needed dental treatments, and among them, the most needed treatment was the need for pulp therapy. Approximately half of the students required at least one restoration for a permanent first molar. These findings underscore a notable prevalence and severity of dental decay in both primary and permanent teeth among students in Babol city.

  Addressing deep caries treatment and selecting the most suitable approach poses a perennial challenge for dental professionals. Given the pivotal role of the permanent first molar in the dental arch, this study investigates criteria and treatment decisions of dental students in the management of young permanent molars with deep caries lesions.

In This descriptive cross-sectional study, All final-year dental students of Yazd College involved using a census method. An 11-question questionnaire, comprising three clinical cases, was utilized to gauge students' knowledge and attitudes towards conservative treatment. The data were collected and analyzed using SPSS 25, employing the T-test and Peterson's correlation coefficient.

Out of the 59 dental students participating in this study, 30 (51%) were female and 29 (49%) were males. Reversible pulpitis was the most common diagnosis among the three presented cases, accounting for over 60% of the total diagnosis. In the absence of signs and symptoms of irreversible pulpitis, the majority of participants (over 50%) favored two-stage caries excavation and partial caries removal over complete caries excavation and more invasive treatments such as pulpotomy and root canal therapy. A significant portion of the students (62.9%) agreed with leaving some microorganisms under the restoration if it was adequately sealed, and 67.8% agreed with preserving decayed tissue near the pulp to prevent pulp exposure.

 Based on this study, new knowledge and concepts realated to conservative treatment of deep caries lesions are accepted by more than half of the dental students. Nevertheless, there remains a need to enhance education concerning the method of partial caries removal and conservative treatment.

Artificial intelligence in dental science is a powerful tool for diagnosis, treatment and prevention. One of the most important applications of artificial intelligence in dental science is accurate diagnosis through radiological imagesDeep learning algorithms enable machines to analyze images better than even professional dentists. Another application of artificial intelligence in dentistry is personalization of treatments or Individual Dentistry. The scanners provide the best treatment by recording the patient's oral condition and artificial intelligence using the stored information. Artificial intelligence algorithms can identify hidden patterns and help dentists take preventive measures. Today, artificial intelligence has opened its place in dental education and research. The purpose of this review article is to investigate the application of artificial intelligence in the science and art of dentistry.

This review was conducted using the electronic versions of the articles available in Pubmed/Medline, Scopus (Elsevier), Web of Sciences (Claritive Analytics) from 2020 to 2023 using the keywords Artificial Intelligence, Dentistry, Education. . All the studies were in English and finally 123 articles were found in the search, of which 43 matched the desired titles, were selected and analyzed.

Artificial intelligence is a reliable tool in diagnosing, increasing the quality of treatment and predicting the failures of dental treatments, and its limitations include the lack of familiarity of dentists, expensive equipment and the complexity of working with it, and until the limitations are resolved, it can be used as an auxiliary tool in dentistry.