Journal of Innovation Management and Organizational Behavior
Volume:4 Issue: 4, Winter 2024

 Many teachers believe that numerous topics cannot be effectively conveyed to students through traditional methods of teaching and learning. Therefore, utilizing a blended learning approach in education is essential. This research aims to provide an educational justice model based on information and communication technology (ICT) with a blended learning approach.

 The research methodology employed in this study is grounded theory. The sampling method was purposive or snowball sampling. Data collection tools included interviews based on the perspectives of university professors, principals, education managers and deputies, and experts in the field of educational justice. The collected interviews were analyzed using ATLAS.ti and MAXQDA software.

 Based on the obtained results, a total of 153 concepts and 21 categories or open codes were identified and extracted. The 21 identified categories were placed into 6 main grounded data categories, and based on these, the model was presented.

 The results indicated that the educational justice model based on ICT with a blended learning approach can combine equal access to technology and educational resources with flexibility and diversity in learning. This model allows students to learn in a highly individualized manner according to their needs and abilities, thereby advancing their personal growth and development.

 This study aims to design a lean distribution model tailored for the electric power distribution network in Tehran, integrating global best practices and expert insights to address the specific challenges and opportunities within this sector.

 The study employed a mixed-method approach, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify key factors influencing lean distribution. Expert interviews with managers and industry specialists in Tehran's electric power distribution sector provided additional insights. The factors were structured and categorized using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and MicMac analysis to establish their interrelationships and influence.

 The study identified 16 critical factors influencing lean distribution, with "World-Class Lean Distribution in the Electric Power Industry" emerging as the most influential. Other key factors included "Optimal Distribution of Reactive Power in Power Systems," "Estimation of Load Uncertainty," "Reduction of Loss Levels," and "Use of Fixed and Switchable Capacitors." The findings highlight the importance of infrastructure, ISO 9000 implementation, technological integration, internal capacity, and resilience.

 The research provides a comprehensive framework for implementing lean distribution practices in the electric power industry, emphasizing the need for global standards, technological advancements, and resilience. The findings suggest that adopting these practices can lead to improved reliability, reduced operational costs, and enhanced customer satisfaction, contributing to sustainable development and energy security.

 Today, there is increasing competition among various organizations, and one of the competitive tools is supply chain management. Existing pressures and disruptions for companies have led to working under uncertain conditions. Therefore, the supply chain must be made resilient. Such a chain is of great importance in the oil industry, which is one of the country's most essential activities. Accordingly, this study seeks to identify and prioritize the factors affecting a resilient supply chain in the oil industry.

 This research was conducted in one of the active companies in the oil industry. Initially, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 experts from the company, who were purposefully selected, and analyzed using the thematic analysis technique.

 This analysis identified 13 factors. In the next step, using the Best-Worst Method (BWM), these factors were ranked, with financial factors, flexibility, the use of experienced managers, the use of backup suppliers, and foresight being ranked first to fifth, respectively.

 Overall, it is recommended to focus on these underlying factors as the foundation of supply chain resilience.

 This study analyzes the impact of organizational characteristics and ethical orientation on auditors' ethical sensitivity.

 It is descriptive-survey-based, field-based in its method, and deductive-library-based in terms of collecting the theoretical framework and research background. The statistical population under investigation includes all members of the Society of Certified Public Accountants, with a sample size of 338 individuals selected using Cochran's sampling method. After collecting the information from the distributed questionnaires, the research variables were calculated using Excel software, and the formulated hypotheses were tested using SmartPLS software.

 The findings indicated that organizational characteristics and auditors' experience have a positive and significant impact on auditors' ethical sensitivity, while auditors' competence, objectivity (impartiality), and idealism do not have a significant impact on auditors' ethical sensitivity.

 Given the importance of audit ethics, it is recommended that the Society of Certified Public Accountants include ethics education in their training programs to improve ethical characteristics and maintain auditors' independence and ensure greater oversight of adherence to audit ethics. Additionally, the committee responsible for developing audit standards can use the results of the present study to create standards that maintain auditors' ethical sensitivity.

 This study aims to present a model for administrative health in the Ministry of Industry, Mine, and Trade of the country.

 To achieve this goal, a mixed-method research approach was employed. The statistical population in the qualitative section included organizational and academic experts, while the quantitative section included managers and employees involved in the administrative health system of the Ministry of Industry, Mine, and Trade and its provincial offices. In the qualitative section, data were collected through semi-structured interviews, and in the quantitative section, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. The data analysis method in the qualitative section was thematic analysis, and in the quantitative section, structural equation modeling with a partial least squares approach was employed.

 The data analysis in the qualitative section led to the formation of the administrative health model in five dimensions, 40 components, and 92 indicators. The data analysis in the quantitative section identified the prioritization of dimensions, components, and indicators of the administrative health model in the Ministry of Industry, Mine, and Trade.

 According to the results, the prioritization of factors affecting the administrative health in this ministry includes organizational factors, value factors, employee-related factors, managerial factors, and environmental factors, respectively. Based on the obtained results, recommendations were made for achieving administrative health in the Ministry of Industry, Mine, and Trade.

 The present study aims to design an innovative organization model for state-owned enterprises (case study: Iraq).

 The research is applied in terms of its objective and is survey-based in terms of its method. The type of research is qualitative, and the statistical population includes corporate executive experts, academic experts, and academic-corporate executive experts in Iraq. Data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis. The research tool is a semi-structured interview.

 The research findings indicate the extraction of five dimensions for the innovative organization model for state-owned enterprises in Iraq.

 The dimensions and components include: Organizational: creating a flexible organizational structure, developing an innovation culture among organizational employees, establishing new innovation management methods within the organization, making the organization agile through innovation. Individual: developing strategic thinking among employees, enhancing employees' individual creativity, adapting employees to innovative changes, continuously upgrading employees' skills and knowledge. Technical: developing proficiency in new technologies, enhancing IT infrastructure, increasing the use of artificial intelligence, developing scalable innovative capabilities within the organization. Strategic: defining and focusing on innovative strategies, increasing investment in research and development, enhancing knowledge management within the organization, managing technological risks in the organization. Legal: updating intellectual property laws, developing and drafting updated e-commerce laws, formulating security regulations

 The aim of the present research was to provide a model for enhancing children's social skills as a prerequisite for development.

 The research method was qualitative, and the target population included managers of toy manufacturing companies, experienced specialists, experts in the toy industry, policymakers, and university professors. The sample size was selected purposefully until theoretical saturation from the aforementioned statistical population. In this phase, using an exploratory semi-structured interview method among the statistical population, the factors and components of children's social skills were identified. With the help of these factors and indicators, a grounded theory-based model for enhancing children's social skills was designed.

 According to the results and outputs obtained from the interviews, the factors affecting the model for enhancing children's social skills include causal conditions (the existing potential of games for development, financial and human resource issues in game design and production, deficiencies in policies and laws related to skill development in children, corporate culture and management attitudes, systematic and strategic planning for capability development), contextual conditions (management issues, infrastructure, economic conditions, corporate, legal and regulatory factors, corporate systems and processes), intervening conditions (knowledge and scientific factors, governmental and political factors, environmental factors, individual factors, corporate culture), strategies (allocating appropriate budgets, employing specialized personnel, formulating and implementing training and development programs, using modern technology in processes, providing development incentives, monitoring and evaluating improvement and development), and outcomes (increased skill development and growth, improved quality of services provided, family satisfaction and enhanced participation, increased productivity and improved performance, creating play opportunities, enhancing play skill capabilities).

  Therefore, studying these movements and providing opportunities for their nurturing and growth strengthens and even repairs mental abilities. What children learn at home or kindergarten, they think about and derive many meanings from these phenomena when repeated in the form of games and physical activities

 This study aimed to design and validate a model for commercializing academic research with an approach focused on the development of knowledge-based employment within Iran's health system.

 The research method was applied-developmental in terms of its goal and descriptive-survey in nature. The statistical population included experts in the field of academic research commercialization and faculty members from medical universities in Iran. In this phase, seven commercialization experts and senior managers from the Vice-Presidency for Science, Technology, and Knowledge-based Economy, along with five academic experts in management, were selected. Theoretical sampling was used to select participants, continuing until theoretical saturation was achieved. Data were simultaneously collected and coded.

 The designed model, based on grounded theory, was formulated into a questionnaire and distributed among 400 research center managers, faculty members, and senior managers of the aforementioned universities. Data collection in the qualitative section was conducted through interviews. Grounded theory was utilized for data analysis in the qualitative section. The results indicated that the model for commercializing academic research with an approach to developing knowledge-based employment within the health system is valid and desirable.

 Commercializing academic research in the medical and health domain plays a fundamental role in advancing economic growth and creating knowledge-based employment. By bridging the gap between academia and industry, universities can transform scientific discoveries into innovative products and services that address critical healthcare needs while stimulating economic growth.

 This study aims to identify the criteria and indicators of the "Paternal Home" metaphor in public organizations. This metaphor can reflect the distribution of power, authority, responsibility, expectations, and organizational values.

 Using the phenomenological method, a framework of these criteria and indicators has been identified at the levels of managers, employees, and the organization. This framework was developed through semi-structured interviews and Colaizzi's content analysis.

 At the managerial level, the identified criteria are: clear goals of the manager, manager's support, managerial modeling, managerial consideration, power sharing and participation, justice and non-discrimination, and managerial transparency. At the employee level, the identified criteria are: organizational commitment of employees, employee effectiveness, task importance, trust among employees, employee dependency and attachment to the organization, willingness to continue cooperation with the organization, loyalty and sense of responsibility towards the organization, employee altruism, work conscience among employees, protection of organizational resources, civic behavior and social etiquette of employees, employee interest, and employee intimacy. At the organizational level, the identified criteria are: organizational integrity and honesty, organizational reliability, organizational competence, shared organizational vision, team learning in the organization, organizational attention to employees, and organizational adaptability and organicity.

 These findings can help organizations create an environment that employees perceive as their paternal home, thereby increasing their commitment, loyalty, responsibility, and satisfaction.

 The adoption of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) has sparked a surge in research interest in this area in recent years. This study aims to identify and prioritize the risks associated with PPP projects.

 A questionnaire was designed to assess the significance of each of the 35 research variables (risks) derived from the literature in explaining the risks associated with PPP projects. The respondents included experts in risk associated with PPP-based projects in emerging markets, specializing in policy making, production, sales, and export. These experts were considered knowledgeable due to their practical experience in management, expert, academic, and research activities related to risks and emerging projects and markets. Using purposive sampling and following a snowball method, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 19 experts until theoretical saturation was achieved.

 The results were analyzed using the methodology of fuzzy cognitive maps, and the relationships between the research factors were examined.

 The analysis revealed that financial constraints risk, demand risk, and government support risk are of high importance in the context of PPP projects.

  The objective of this study is to identify the components and examine the causal relationships of optimal budgeting in Iran's education system.

 This research employed an applied and exploratory approach, utilizing descriptive and survey methods for data collection. Initially, the components and sub-components of optimal budgeting were identified through a review of literature, including theses, articles, and books. A designed questionnaire was then reviewed and completed by experts and specialists in the field of industrial management and academic professors using the fuzzy Delphi method. Subsequently, the causal relationships between the components were determined using DEMATEL multi-criteria decision-making methods.

 The study identified three main components—Ability (ABI), Authority (AUT), and Acceptance (ACC)—as crucial for optimal budgeting in Iran's education system. The results from the Delphi fuzzy method indicated a consensus among experts, with all components having definitive means above 0.4. The DEMATEL analysis revealed that the Authority (AUT) component has the highest influence and lowest receptivity among the components, making it the most significant factor. It was found that enhancing the Authority (AUT) component can positively influence the other components, leading to improved budgeting outcomes.

 For optimal budgeting in Iran's education system, controlling the main components—Ability (ABI), Authority (AUT), and Acceptance (ACC)—is essential. Enhancing the Authority (AUT) component can lead to better control of other components, resulting in improved budgeting with reduced costs and time. Systemic budgeting is crucial for the growth and development of countries, and it is imperative for Iran's General Directorate of Education to adopt this strategy to align with global trends.

 The purpose of this study was to provide a regional policy-making ecosystem model for the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran.

 The research method was descriptive-analytical, with an applied nature. The statistical population of this study consisted of experts in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. Considering the type of research, 20 individuals with master's and doctoral degrees and more than five years of experience in this field were purposefully sampled and selected. Data collection was conducted using field methods, including interviews and questionnaires. The obtained data were analyzed using interpretive structural modeling.

 The findings indicated that 12 factors were identified as part of the regional policy-making ecosystem for the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran. The (process value network) was identified as the most influential component of the regional policy-making ecosystem for the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran. Following this, the factors of (sustainable development) were identified, with (resource management and monitoring and evaluation) in the third level, (current situation analysis) at the second level, and finally (coordination and cooperation, infrastructure and technology, public participation, international cooperation, national policies, and process achievements) occupying the first level.

 Therefore, it can be concluded that these factors influencing the regional policy-making ecosystem for the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran may lead to further development and success of this organization

 Industry 4.0 or the digital revolution is changing the way we live, altering the interaction between customers and banks, inevitably implying that both existing business techniques and financial management are not exempt from this change. The main objective of this research is to design and develop a maturity model for the performance evaluation of managers in Bank Melli Iran with a modern technology approach.

 This research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose, exploratory in nature, and descriptive-survey with a mixed exploratory approach in terms of data collection method. The qualitative approach is based on the fuzzy Delphi method. In the qualitative section of the research, a purposeful sample of 15 participants was selected, including academic experts and some senior managers of Bank Melli.

 The statistical population in the quantitative section includes 180 experts and employees of Bank Melli, with a sample size of 120 estimated using random sampling. Data in the qualitative section were collected through semi-structured interviews guided by general directions and then analyzed using the fuzzy Delphi method to develop the conceptual model of the research. In the model testing phase, the research hypotheses were developed and tested using factor analysis and path analysis models with SPSS and PLS software.

 The research results indicated that the model consists of four main factors: management tasks, conceptual skills, technical skills, and human skills, described by 22 indicators and 104 sub-indicators.

 The relationship between accounting profit and investor reactions, as well as stock price changes, is measured using the Earnings Response Coefficient (ERC). Previous research indicates a variation in ERC between companies and over time, which is attributed to specific company factors and characteristics. The aim of this study is to identify and rank the financial, non-financial, and behavioral components affecting companies' ERC.

 Using data from 153 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange over the period 2013 to 2022, and employing data mining techniques and two methods stepwise forward regression and regression decision tree, the influential components on ERC were identified and ranked.

 The results of the stepwise forward regression method indicated that the components of auditor's opinion type, earnings per share (EPS), stock liquidity, growth opportunities, earnings stability, inflation rate, sales growth, operating profit ratio, relative strength index per share, and market index return respectively influence ERC. The regression decision tree method results also showed that the components of earnings stability, stock liquidity, EPS, stock price synchronicity, stock trading imbalance, adjusted trading volume, psychological line index, relative strength index per share, earnings conservatism, and financial statement restatements respectively influence ERC. The Wilcoxon test results also showed that the ranking of components influencing ERC is not the same in the two methods. Additionally, comparing the mean absolute error of the two methods indicated that the regression decision tree method identifies and ranks the influential components on ERC more accurately.

 The results of both methods confirm the high impact of EPS, stock liquidity, earnings stability, and relative strength index per share on the ERC of companies.

  The objective of this study is to explore the impact of organizational intelligence on the performance of Tehran Municipality through the utilization of marketing capabilities.

 This qualitative study was conducted in Tehran and utilized semi-structured interviews with senior managers, department heads, and key personnel within the Tehran Municipality. Participants were selected through purposive sampling based on their extensive experience and knowledge related to organizational intelligence and marketing. Data were collected until theoretical saturation was achieved, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the topics. Thematic analysis was used to identify patterns and relationships within the data, with findings validated through member checks to ensure accuracy and credibility.

 The analysis revealed four main themes: Organizational Intelligence, Marketing Capabilities, Performance Improvement, and Impact on Municipality. Key subcategories included strategic planning, decision-making, knowledge management, innovation, resource optimization, market research, branding, digital marketing, customer engagement, service innovation, public relations, efficiency, service delivery, employee performance, financial management, strategic alliances, public satisfaction, community development, economic growth, policy implementation, and innovation adoption. The findings underscored the importance of integrating organizational intelligence and marketing capabilities to enhance strategic planning, decision-making, innovation, and overall municipal performance.

 The study concludes that the integration of organizational intelligence with marketing capabilities significantly enhances the performance of Tehran Municipality. Strategic planning, decision-making, knowledge management, and innovation are crucial components of this integration.

 The aim of the present study was to present a model for the impact of human capital and open innovation on organizational productivity.

  This research gathered the necessary information by reviewing and evaluating previous studies in the field, as well as conducting in-depth interviews with experts and specialists in the areas of human capital, open innovation, and organizational productivity, who had practical experience at decision-making levels. Using the grounded theory analysis method, the study coded, categorized, and presented a conceptual model.

  After conducting interviews with experts and specialists in the fields of human capital, open innovation, and organizational productivity, and implementing the coding process using the grounded theory method, a total of 3 selective codes, 24 axial codes, and 71 open codes were identified. To validate the extracted codes, a focus group consisting of 10 experts, who were initially interviewed, was formed. The extracted codes were presented to them, and they were asked to provide their opinions on these codes. The result of the focus group's evaluation and discussion on the extracted codes indicated that the suitable model for assessing the impact of human capital and open innovation on organizational productivity includes 3 dimensions: human capital, open innovation, and organizational productivity, and 24 components, including 1) individuals, 2) leadership, 3) knowledge management, 4) strategic decision-making, 5) organizational management and structure, 6) system reorganization, 7) process versus activities, 8) progress measurement, 9) organizational culture, 10) employees, 11) structure and process, 12) innovative performance, 13) outsourcing, 14) financial resources, 15) legal factors, 16) collaboration with competitors, 17) customer, 18) achieving positive productivity outcomes, 19) cultural development, 20) process orientation, 21) employee participation, 22) connection with supply chain actors, 23) learning, creativity, and innovation, and 24) organizational rules and regulations.

 Organizational managers should define and design clear systems and structures, including appropriate promotion and reward systems, and financial regulations that monitor environmental changes and competitors' actions.

 The aim of this research is to identify and validate the indicators of the entrepreneurial university model for the University of Tabriz.

  The research methodology is a mixed-methods approach. This research is applied in terms of its objective and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the study included all the elites in the field of entrepreneurship at the University of Tabriz, all faculty members of the University of Tabriz, and all employees of the University of Tabriz, totaling 1,557 individuals. For sampling in the qualitative section, 14 individuals were selected using a purposive sampling method, and in the quantitative section, 308 individuals were selected using the Krejcie-Morgan table and simple random sampling. Data collection tools included researcher-constructed open-ended questions in the qualitative section and a researcher-constructed questionnaire, designed based on qualitative research results, in the quantitative section. For data analysis, coding methods were used in the qualitative section. In the quantitative section, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normality of variable distributions; the one-sample t-test was used to determine the level of core category, main, and sub-components; and second-order confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine construct validity and model validation.

 The findings from inductive content analysis indicated that the entrepreneurial university model comprises fourteen main factors classified into four general categories: knowledge application factors, human factors, managerial factors, and environmental factors. Model validation results using the AMOS test showed that the extracted model from the present research had a good fit.

 The findings indicate that the developed model, comprising 14 main components categorized into four major factors—knowledge application, human, managerial, and environmental—has a good fit and is effective for transforming the University of Tabriz into an entrepreneurial university. This model can also be cautiously applied to other universities, considering their specific conditions and criteria.

 The significance of human capital is well recognized in contemporary times, and the management of firms with a knowledge-centric approach has underscored the importance of intellectual and human capital as key competitive advantages. Among these, the banking industry holds considerable importance, necessitating the industry's focus on leveraging human capital.

 This study examines the relationship between the human capital value-added coefficient, a component of intellectual capital, and bank performance. The CAMEL model is employed to determine the functional components of bank performance. Financial statement data from 12 banks for the years 2012 to 2022 were utilized.

  The study's findings indicate a significant relationship between the intellectual capital value-added coefficient and variables such as capital adequacy, asset quality, management, and income, with a nonlinear inverted U-shaped function. In contrast, the relationship between the human capital value-added coefficient and liquidity is nonlinear and U-shaped.

 The study reveals that human capital value-added significantly impacts bank performance indicators, exhibiting nonlinear, inverted U-shaped relationships with capital adequacy, management, and income, and a U-shaped relationship with liquidity. Strategic investment in human capital is essential for optimizing these performance metrics in the banking sector.

 This study aims to investigate the components of transformational leadership within the National Iranian Oil Terminals Company (NIOTC), providing insights into how this leadership style can be effectively implemented to enhance organizational outcomes in the oil and gas sector.

 This qualitative research employed semi-structured interviews with 19 experienced managers and academic experts from NIOTC. The participants were selected using a theoretical sampling approach until theoretical saturation was achieved. Data was collected through detailed interviews and analyzed using NVivo software to identify key themes and patterns related to transformational leadership.

 The analysis revealed several critical components of transformational leadership at NIOTC, including creating a dynamic organizational vision, setting elevated goals, supporting organizational learning, transforming cultural values, fostering organizational trust, linking individual and collective interests, providing inspirational motivation, stimulating intellectual engagement, enhancing followers' adaptability, and considering individual needs. These components align with existing literature on transformational leadership and highlight the importance of vision, motivation, trust, and adaptability in driving organizational success.

 The findings of this study provide a comprehensive understanding of transformational leadership within NIOTC. Effective transformational leaders at NIOTC emphasize creating a compelling vision, fostering a culture of continuous learning, innovation, and trust, and aligning individual and organizational goals. These insights can guide leaders in similar contexts to implement transformational leadership practices that enhance organizational performance and employee development. Future research should explore these components in different organizational and cultural settings to further validate and expand on these findings.

  The aim of this study is to assess the impact of electronic service quality dimensions on customer purchase intention, with the mediating role of electronic word-of-mouth advertising and the moderating role of gender.

  This applied research is descriptive in nature, and the statistical population includes customers of Bank Melli branches in Tehran province who use the electronic services of the Bank Melli Bam system. Based on the cluster sampling method and according to the Morgan table, the sample size was estimated to be 384 individuals. Standard questionnaires were used for data collection, and structural equation modeling based on the partial least squares approach was used for data analysis with the statistical software Smart PLS3.

 The findings of the study indicate that the four dimensions of service quality have a positive and significant impact on electronic word-of-mouth advertising. Additionally, the positive and significant impact of electronic word-of-mouth advertising on customer purchase intention was confirmed, and the mediating role of electronic word-of-mouth advertising in the relationship between service quality dimensions and customer purchase intention was verified. Furthermore, by examining the moderating role of gender in the relationship between electronic word-of-mouth advertising and purchase intention, it was found that women are more likely than men to make purchases through electronic word-of-mouth advertising.

 Overall, it can be concluded that enhancing the quality dimensions of services leads to the formation of word-of-mouth advertising among customers, which can influence customer purchase intention. The value and innovation of the present study lie in the simultaneous examination of the three variables of electronic service quality, word-of-mouth advertising, and purchase intention, considering the qualitative moderating variable of gender.

 The primary aim of this research is to identify the components and obstacles to implementing omnichannel in the export sector.

 The research approach is both qualitative and quantitative, and by nature, it is exploratory and descriptive. The statistical population of this study includes experts in the export sector of the food industry. The snowball sampling method has been used in this research. Ultimately, the sample size was determined to be 12 individuals at the point of theoretical saturation. Interviews were conducted to identify the obstacles in the research. The validity of the codes was evaluated through CVR (Content Validity Ratio). The data analysis method used in this research is thematic analysis. For the prioritization section, the quantitative method of hierarchical analysis was used. In this section, a pairwise comparison questionnaire was utilized to examine the ranking of the studied indicators.

 The results of this investigation identified three main obstacles categorized as structural, contextual, and behavioral. Within each of these obstacles, sub-components were identified as obstacles, totaling 46 items. It is ultimately recommended that food industries evaluate and study the identified obstacles of this research for the implementation of omnichannel. Additionally, these obstacles have been prioritized using the hierarchical analysis method.

 The findings of the research indicated that the implementation of omnichannel in the export of food industries consistently faces obstacles, some of which are related to the organizational structure of exporting companies, some are within the human and behavioral dimensions of the workforce, and some are influenced by environmental factors. From this perspective, it can be stated that this research, with a comprehensive understanding of these obstacles, has paved the way for better implementation of omnichannel in the export sector of the food industries.

 Human resources are among the most fundamental strategic resources of any organization. Undoubtedly, the success of the education system depends on the efficient use of teachers. Therefore, the overall aim of this study is to predict the gap between the intended and implemented curriculum based on the components of the quality of work life of mathematics teachers in the education districts of Tabriz city.

 The research is applied in nature and employs a correlational survey method. The statistical population includes 290 middle school mathematics teachers from the five educational districts of Tabriz city in the 2020-2021 academic year. Based on the Krejcie and Morgan table, 166 individuals were selected as the sample using stratified random sampling. Data were collected using the Quality of Work Life Questionnaire by Ilgan et al. (2014) and a researcher-made questionnaire on the gap between the intended and implemented curriculum. The face and content validity of the tools were confirmed by experts. Reliability was obtained using Cronbach's alpha, with 0.89 for the Quality of Work Life Questionnaire and 0.92 for the curriculum gap questionnaire.

 The results of regression analysis indicated that the gap between the intended and implemented curriculum in mathematics can be predicted based on the quality of work life components (healthy work environment, organizational support and development, fair pay, and job opportunities) of teachers at a significance level of less than 0.05. The component of relationships with colleagues was not significantly predictable.

 The findings contribute to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the critical role of QWL in curriculum implementation. They suggest that enhancing QWL through job opportunities, fair pay, colleague relationships, and organizational support can effectively reduce the curriculum gap. This supports the view that holistic approaches to improving teachers' work environments are necessary for educational success.

 This study aims to explore the experiences and perceptions of public managers in Iranian governmental organizations regarding organizational democracy. By adopting a phenomenological approach, the research seeks to understand the essence of organizational democracy from the perspective of those who have experienced it firsthand, highlighting the key themes and subthemes that emerge from their lived experiences.

 The study employs a qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach to capture the lived experiences of public managers. A non-random snowball sampling method was used to select 15 public managers from various governmental organizations in Iran. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, and the analysis continued until theoretical saturation was reached. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify key themes and subthemes.

 Four major themes emerged from the data: transparent and accountable management, independent organizations, personal fulfillment, and free and fair participation. Subthemes included the transition to democratic supervision, planning for civic participation, financial support for employees, fostering innovation, and integrating diverse values. The findings reveal a significant shift towards more democratic organizational practices, emphasizing transparency, employee empowerment, and participatory decision-making processes.

 The study highlights the critical role of transparency, participatory decision-making, and employee empowerment in enhancing organizational effectiveness and employee satisfaction within Iranian governmental organizations. .

 The primary objective of this study is to develop a comprehensive model for understanding and enhancing cultural capital within the national sports system.

 This research adopts a qualitative grounded theory approach, specifically utilizing the Strauss and Corbin method (2008). Data were collected through in-depth, open-ended interviews with 20 experts in academic and executive sports environments. The interviews were analyzed using open coding, axial coding, and selective coding to identify key concepts and categories. The study also incorporated library studies and document reviews to supplement the interview data. The validity and reliability of the findings were assessed through expert reviews and inter-rater agreement methods.

 The analysis revealed several critical factors influencing cultural capital in the national sports system, categorized under main constructs such as sports tradition, professional status of sports, sports in society, economy, and education. Intervention conditions like policy status, unexpected events, development indices, media, politics, cultural macro-conditions, and geographic distribution were identified as significant influencers. Background conditions included values, social class diversity, organizational culture, meritocracy, and job security. The study identified strategic responses as either pattern-centered or conventional interactions leading towards globalization. These strategies significantly impacted social mobility and the priorities within the sports field.

 This study provides a comprehensive model for understanding and developing cultural capital within the national sports system. It underscores the multifaceted nature of cultural capital and its critical role in fostering participation, professionalization, and social mobility in sports. The findings highlight the necessity for robust policy frameworks, educational initiatives, and financial support mechanisms to enhance cultural capital.

 The purpose of the present study is to design and propose a macro framework for policies aimed at developing and expanding employment opportunities for higher education graduates in the country.

 The research approach is qualitative, utilizing thematic analysis. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with a group of experts. The expert group members were selected using purposeful sampling from three categories: university faculty members (7 individuals), managers related to national-level institutions involved in policymaking and law enforcement related to employment (3 individuals), and mid-level managers working at provincial levels in institutions related to employment (4 individuals). The information obtained from the interviews with 14 experts was used to form the theoretical modeling. During the completion phases of the research, the opinions of 4 additional experts (with educational backgrounds in administrative sciences) were also utilized to ensure theoretical saturation and achieve an acceptable level of validity and reliability of the findings. Data were processed and reviewed in multiple stages, and after ensuring acceptable validity and reliability for the qualitative model, they were summarized and presented in the form of a theoretical policy development and expansion model for employment opportunities for higher education graduates in the country.

 The model includes 3 comprehensive macro frameworks (policies to strengthen the demand side in the employment equation, policies to strengthen the supply side in the employment equation, and dual employment creation policies), 13 organizing themes, and 56 basic themes.

 Based on the findings and results, research proposals are presented to guide the selection of policies for developing and expanding employment opportunities for higher education graduates in the country.

  This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Kernberg's personality organization and obedience to authority.

 The present research is fundamental in terms of its objective and utilizes a mixed-methods approach (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of methodology. The statistical population included all undergraduate psychology students at the Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah Branch, in the 2022-2023 academic year. A convenience sampling method was used to select a class of 30 psychology students as the sample. The quantitative phase of the study was descriptive-correlational, while the qualitative phase employed qualitative content analysis. Spearman's correlation test was conducted using SPSS version 26. Data from the interviews were analyzed using MAXQDA 2022, and categorization was based on thematic analysis. Validity was assessed through respondent validation, and the coding reliability achieved a Kappa coefficient of 0.62. Data collection tools included semi-structured interviews, Kernberg's Personality Organization Inventory, and a researcher-made questionnaire.

 The results of the correlation test indicated a positive and significant correlation at the 99% confidence level between the variables of obedience and the components of personality, lower-level defenses, reality testing, and personality organization. Additionally, thematic analysis identified eight factors underlying obedience and disobedience: guilt, inner conflict, adherence to inner values, absence of inner conflict, respect for authority, the authority's request, trust in authority, and fear of punishment.

 It can be concluded that the diversity in obedience and disobedience to authority cannot be explained solely by environmental stimuli. Instead, the interaction between environmental and personality stimuli determines individuals' responses to authoritative commands.

 The study aims to examine the role of ethics-based auditing in the development of trustworthy artificial intelligence (AI) within auditing firms based in Tehran.

 The research is applied in its objective and descriptive-survey in its execution. The study utilizes thematic content analysis to identify the necessity and importance of the research. A meta-analysis is conducted to review the literature. In-depth interviews with experts were carried out until theoretical saturation was achieved, followed by data coding. The model was tested using structural-interpretive equations and a questionnaire as tools to apply the research findings to the studied population. The sample includes managers of auditing firms in Tehran, selected using the snowball sampling method. Data were collected using both open and closed questionnaires and structured interviews.

 The study identified 14 key indicators of ethics-based auditing influencing the development of trustworthy AI, including technical issues, organizational complexity, legal issues, increased transparency, reduced information asymmetry, stakeholder participation and cooperation, decentralization, ease of traceability, trustworthiness, infrastructure, real-time accounting, audit data security, flexibility, and cybersecurity. These indicators were categorized into four groups based on their influence power and dependency: independent, linkage, autonomous, and dependent variables.

 The findings suggest that ethics-based auditing can significantly influence the development of trustworthy AI in auditing firms. From an agency theory perspective, blockchain technology and AI increase the difficulty of data manipulation and enhance process automation, improving transparency and reducing fraud. From a stakeholder theory perspective, blockchain technology promotes an open and inclusive environment, enhancing collaboration and business opportunities. The integration of blockchain and AI in accounting practices can meet the diverse needs of different users, improving trust and reliability in financial reporting.

  The present study aims to structurally model the relationship between organizational factors and negative job outcomes mediated by job characteristics among teachers in Urmia County.

 This correlational research involved a statistical population of all teachers in Urmia County, totaling 10,000 individuals. The research sample, based on the Morgan table, comprised 373 individuals, selected using proportional stratified random sampling. To measure the variables, questionnaires on organizational support (Eisenberger, 1997), organizational identity (Cheney, 1983), job stagnation (Judith Bardwick, 1988), intention to leave the job (Mobley-Horner, 1978; Lyons, 1971), organizational silence (Vakola & Bouradas, 2005), job autonomy (Jang, 1995), and job security (Nissi, 2000) were used. The content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by experts and advisors, and the reliability of the questionnaires was estimated to be 0.953, 0.984, 0.968, 0.972, 0.992, 0.918, and 0.980, respectively. In this study, the PLS method was used with the help of Smart PLS 3.2.9 software to fit the conceptual research model and test the hypotheses.

 The results indicate that organizational factors (organizational identity and organizational support) have a significant inverse relationship with negative job outcomes (organizational silence, job stagnation, and intention to leave the job). Thus, there is an indirect and significant inverse relationship between the organizational factors of teachers (organizational identity and organizational support) and negative job outcomes (organizational silence, job stagnation, and intention to leave the job) mediated by job characteristics (job autonomy and job security) among teachers in Urmia County.

 Thus, with an increase in organizational identity and organizational support, teachers' job autonomy and sense of job security increase, which in turn reduces their negative job outcomes, namely intention to leave the job, job stagnation, and organizational silence.

 In the contemporary era, having a capable workforce is considered a competitive advantage for universities, and the job turnover intention among faculty members is one of the fundamental challenges for universities. Accordingly, this study aimed to examine the job leaving intention among faculty members of Azad Universities in Fars Province.

 This research was an exploratory sequential mixed-methods study of the instrument development type. In the qualitative section, using purposive sampling and the theoretical saturation technique, 16 experts were selected for the study on job turnover intention among faculty members of Azad Universities in Fars Province. Initially, the main influencing indicators were extracted from the theoretical foundations and validated by experts using the fuzzy Delphi methodology. Since consensus among experts is the decision criterion in the Delphi method, the questionnaire was distributed and collected over three stages to achieve overall expert consensus on the classification. Then, using the matrix questionnaire and interpretive structural modeling technique distributed among specialists, the leveling of these factors was carried out.

 According to the obtained results, it is shown that ten factors pertain to the first level: a sense of injustice, personality traits, lack of adaptability, neglect, environmental factors, individual factors, job involvement, lack of social belonging, presence of conflict, and value differences. Additionally, two factors belong to the second level: organizational factors and human factors. The only factor related to the third level is the lack of employee work independence. The factor of non-implementation of a coordinated and fair system remains in the model and pertains to the fourth level of the model.

 It is recommended that attention to key dimensions such as organizational empathy, participative management, understanding employees in the workplace, attention to their individual issues and problems, addressing their demands, understanding discriminations, striving to reduce them, and focusing on positive psychology can contribute to organizational growth and excellence. This can lead to reducing or eliminating the adverse effects of job turnover intention, such as increasing intra-organizational conflicts, tensions, lack of organizational participation, secrecy, job abandonment, and damage to organizational performance.

 The primary objective of the present study is to explain transformational leadership with an emphasis on the quality of work life and the professional commitment of employees in the medical sciences field in Iran.

 The research method in this study is descriptive-survey and is applied in terms of its goal. The statistical population of this research includes the employees of Iran's medical sciences sector. To determine the sample size, the Morgan sample size estimation table was used, resulting in a selection of 220 individuals as the statistical sample. The sampling method in this research is simple random sampling. Data collection tools include questionnaires. The reliability of the research questionnaires was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the validity of the questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted using LISREL software.

 The research findings indicate that the quality of work life and professional commitment of employees lead to the growth and improvement of transformational leadership.

 Based on the research results, it is suggested that managers engage in discussions with employees about their fundamental beliefs and values and, as much as possible, recruit new employees whose goals and aspirations align sufficiently with those of the organization.

 This article aims to investigate the impact of digital transformation on new product development (NPD) with the mediating role of organizational intelligence.

Methods and Materials:

 The research employs a descriptive-correlational design, utilizing questionnaires and field studies to collect data from 100 experts in the rubber manufacturing industry, specifically from Barez and Artavil Tire companies. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to assess the validity of the questionnaire, with structural equation modeling (SEM) conducted using Smart PLS software to test the hypotheses. The reliability and validity of the constructs were evaluated through composite reliability (CR), average variance extracted (AVE), and discriminant validity measures.

 The study found that digital transformation significantly affects NPD performance (path coefficient = 0.586, t-value = 9.849), and organizational intelligence strongly mediates this relationship (path coefficient = 0.817, t-value = 12.838). Additionally, digital transformation directly enhances organizational intelligence (path coefficient = 0.296, t-value = 2.865). The R² value for NPD was 0.717, and for organizational intelligence, it was 0.688, indicating strong explanatory power.

 Digital transformation significantly impacts NPD success, particularly when supported by high levels of organizational intelligence. Companies that invest in digital infrastructure and knowledge management systems are better equipped to handle the complexities of NPD, leading to more innovative and competitive products. Organizational intelligence serves as a key enabler in leveraging digital tools for successful product development.