فصلنامه مطالعات راهبردی زنان
پیاپی 102 (زمستان 1402)

The research was conducted with the aim of discovering and analyzing the conditions and contexts related to the balance between work and life of women in Sanandaj. The research is a qualitative study, and in its implementation method, the grounded theory approach is used. The research objectives were obtained through exploration and understanding, the statistical population, the married working women of Sanandaj city, 20 of them were investigated through theoretical saturation by means of purposeful and snowball sampling. Semi-structured and in-depth interviews were used to collect data with maximum diversity, the duration of each interview was one hour and the data collection process took one month, which were analyzed with open, central and selective coding methods. Data analysis showed that the conditions and contexts related to the balance between work and life in the form of 53 concepts and 16 subcategories (emotional relationship with spouse, sense of security, financial well-being, social status, suitable job, education, support of spouse, support of children, support of those around you, job motivation, suitable salary, job security, organizational support, work flexibility, opportunity to use capabilities, satisfaction with the group) and 4 main categories (peace of mind, social base, receiving social support, satisfaction) occupation) and a core category (satisfactory effort) were obtained and summarized. This study showed that establishing a balance between work and life improves the quality of work, maternal duties, and the quality of life of working women, and the themes obtained in the findings are effective in improving them.

One of the challenges that educated women face after marriage and motherhood is how to gain social activism and their family roles. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to understand the phenomenon of social inactivity of educated religious mothers and its various dimensions. This qualitative research was carried out within the framework of the basic qualitative research project and its community was female graduates of Sharif University who participated in the Sharif University Student Course during the years 2011 to 2013 and at the time of collection and analysis of research data ie 1397- 1400 had children. The sample was formed by 10 of these mothers selected by the target sampling method. The data collection tool was a semi -structural deep interview. Data analysis was performed using the content analysis method. The study's findings achieved a set of relevant consequences and factors in line with the discovery and deep understanding of the various aspects of the problem of mothers' social unrest. This study showed that we can understand the issue of mothers 'social unknowingness within the framework of social activity conflicts and mothers' family roles. Accordingly, modifying the masculine structures of employment and education and developing new and innovative activism platforms for mothers can be one of the important policy implications of this study.

In this regard and considering the importance of the issue as well as the social and cultural conditions of women, this article examines the social welfare of women in Ilam city. Also, the effectiveness of this situation from the pressures caused by caring for elderly parents at home has been investigated in detail. Method This research has been done by survey method, based on a cross-sectional plan and the required information has been collected by distributing a questionnaire in a cluster manner among 593 women aged 30-49 in Ilam. The results indicate moderate social well-being and low caregiving among women. Findings showed that the average of women's social well-being in terms of age, occupation, level of education and class mental belonging has a significant difference and the hypotheses about the difference in the average of social well-being in terms of these variables were confirmed. Also, the study of the relationship between the variable of caregiving and social well-being indicates Inverse correlation and confirmation of the relevant hypothesis.The results of this research show that the greater the care pressure caused by home care of elderly parents, the lower the social well-being of adult women that can increase the sensitivity and concern of the officials regarding the social well-being of women and home care of the elderly. Related organizations can take effective steps in order to maintain and promote individual health and social well-being, which ultimately leads to better performance of women in society, and cultural, social and economic interventions.

The city of Ahvaz was chosen as the focus of this research because of its unique cultural and social dynamics, which may have different reasons for divorce than other regions of Iran. By examining the views of people on the verge of divorce, family counselors and judges, a comprehensive understanding of the factors affecting divorce in this particular field can be achieved. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 13 people on the verge of divorce, 5 judges and 2 family counselors and analyzed using thematic analysis. The reliability of the research was confirmed through qualitative data evaluation criteria. Different themes and sub-themes in the field of historical structural contexts of women's habitat, such as consanguineous marriage, age difference and high emphasis on marriage, as well as patriarchal culture, violence and lack of resources for independent life and individual factors emerged from the interviews. Also, the results of this study highlight new cases of divorce due to the border of Khuzestan province and expedient divorce, which is a unique type due to the geographical location of Khuzestan province and economic inflation. Strictness in marriage instead of divorce, punishment for foreign nationals who marry women illegally, training in marital life skills, promoting equality in marriage, increasing supervision of counseling, and holding joint meetings between married people. Volunteers and those who are about to get married are suggested to gain experience in the form of non-governmental organizations as solutions to reduce divorce.​

Intervening factors can lead to a decrease or increase in the vulnerability of women after divorce. This study aims to know the intervening factors in the vulnerability of women after divorce. Using a qualitative method, based on a content analysis approach, conventional content analysis, and heterogeneous purposive sampling, were conducted through semi-structured interviews with 35 divorced women. Triangulation was done by three different methods observation, interview, and study of divorce literature. According to the findings, 2 main themes, 5 categories and 25 subcategories were identified. The results showed that, in general, individual and extra-individual intervening factors have an effect on the vulnerability of women after divorce. While it may not be possible to address all contributing factors, one significant aspect that can be addressed through psychological intervention is the role of the woman's family. By raising awareness about the stressful impact of divorce and promoting a culture where parents seek counseling to better support their daughter post-divorce, the severity of women's vulnerability can be reduced.

Fertility behavior in society as one of the main population factors, is influenced by economic, social and cultural factors in such a way that the transformation in each of these factors will have a direct and indirect effect on fertility changes. In this research, Fertility behavior in relation to the variables of individualism, women's independence, the value of children, women's employment and the family income have been investigated through a survey method. The statistical population of the current research is married women aged 15-49 in Tabriz city, whose number is 338,220 according to the 2015 census, and 498 of them are estimated using Cochran's formula. The sampling method was multi-stage cluster sampling. A questionnaire was used to measure variables, collect data and examine hypotheses, and its items were compiled based on theoretical foundations and conceptual definitions. The results of the findings of the present study show that there is a significant relationship between the variables of women's employment, the degree of individualism of women and the attitude towards the value of children with women's Fertility behavior. While there was no significant relationship between the variables of women's independence and the amount of income with women's Fertility behavior.