نشریه مدیریت بحران
سال سیزدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 26، تابستان 1403)

The implementation of passive defense requirements and considerations will reduce the vulnerability of the country's manpower, buildings, facilities and equipment against unnatural threats (explosion, military attacks, sabotage and security threats) created by the enemy. This causes the continuation of essential activities and reduces the vulnerability of infrastructures, places, facilities and equipment when the threat occurs. Today, the new technology of the Internet of Things has been able to create fundamental changes in human life by connecting the physical world and the digital world to each other and connecting objects with objects and objects with humans. The great impact of new technologies in the prevention and management of crises made us evaluate the impact of the Internet of Things in the prevention of man-made crises in the judiciary. The current research is applied and developmental in terms of purpose, and in terms of qualitative-descriptive nature, it investigated the current situation in the field research method. The statistical population is university professors and executive elites in the Isfahan judiciary and the headquarters of the judiciary. The sample size is18 people who were selected by snowball method. The data collection tool was an in-depth interview and a questionnaire, the content validity method was used to determine its validity, and the Cronbach's alpha method was used to determine the reliability of the test. The software used for data analysis is SPSS 23. The Delphi technique has been used in various stages of the research, including determining the main axes and indicators, designing questionnaire questions, and analyzing data. According to the results of using the Internet of Things in the prevention of man-made crises in the judiciary, based on the twenty-first topic of the National Building Regulations, 65.82 percent of gas facilities safety, 41 electrical and mechanical facilities, respectively. 59.0%, fire 35.32%, security cases 25.58%, shelter 8.28% and water stress 7%.

Today, knowing the role, nature, status and capacities of the media and the conscious and correct use of the media in order to meet the crisis appropriately is one of the basic needs and necessities.Therefore, the current research is devoted to the content analysis of news related to the flood crisis with the aim of comparative analysis of the role of television and social networks in managing the spring flood crisis of 2019.The community of all news broadcast in the evening news at 9 pm on the Sima network and the news network and Telegram channels and groups (Golestan Crisis Management Channel,News Room Channel, Official Online News Channel, News Coverage Group, News Events and Crisis News Group) Regarding the spring flood of 2019, which was broadcast from March 21to April 3, 2019, so sampling is purposeful.A total of 299 news items were examined during the period under review from aspects such as news approaches, media strategies, news orientation, speed, accuracy of news, volume and comprehensiveness of news. The method used in this research was "content analysis" and the analysis unit was "news".The results show that a total of46basic themes and18 organizing themes were extracted from the three themes before the crisis, during the crisis and after the crisis. In the pre-crisis stage, the three roles of awareness and warning, surveillance, and safe training, in the crisis phase, the three roles of news reporting, escorting, information gateway and in the post-crisis phase, three roles of analysis, responsiveness and calming for television and social networks in flood crisis management in the spring of 2019 were identified.

Today, knowing the role, nature, status and capacities of the media and the conscious and correct use of the media in order to meet the crisis appropriately is one of the basic needs and necessities.Therefore, the current research is devoted to the content analysis of news related to the flood crisis with the aim of comparative analysis of the role of television and social networks in managing the spring flood crisis of 2019.The community of all news broadcast in the evening news at 9 pm on the Sima network and the news network and Telegram channels and groups (Golestan Crisis Management Channel,News Room Channel, Official Online News Channel, News Coverage Group, News Events and Crisis News Group) Regarding the spring flood of 2019, which was broadcast from March 21to April 3, 2019, so sampling is purposeful.A total of 299 news items were examined during the period under review from aspects such as news approaches, media strategies, news orientation, speed, accuracy of news, volume and comprehensiveness of news. The method used in this research was "content analysis" and the analysis unit was "news".The results show that a total of46basic themes and18 organizing themes were extracted from the three themes before the crisis, during the crisis and after the crisis. In the pre-crisis stage, the three roles of awareness and warning, surveillance, and safe training, in the crisis phase, the three roles of news reporting, escorting, information gateway and in the post-crisis phase, three roles of analysis, responsiveness and calming for television and social networks in flood crisis management in the spring of 2019 were identified.

Flood is one of the most common and severe dangers that disrupt people's lives around the world.Khorramabad city is at risk of flooding due to its location in a valley, torrential rains, and the presence of the Karganeh and Khorramroud rivers in the city. And the purpose of this research is to assess the vulnerability of urban facilities Khorram Abad city. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. ARC GIS software and AHP-FUZZY hybrid model were used to prepare vulnerability maps. In order to determine the criteria, experts have been consulted after that, the paired criteria matrix is formed, and then according to the matrices, a questionnaire has been prepared that compares the criteria two by two according to their importance. Finally, the questionnaires were given to 25 experts and specialists and completed. The result of scoring the criteria was entered into the special software of the AHP (Expert choice) model and the final weight of the sub-criteria was determined, and in the next step, the layers (sub-criteria) were fuzzified and then the layers were combined, and as a result, The final map of the vulnerability of the Khorramabad facilities was obtained.In this research, two natural and physical criteria, which include 12 sub-criteria: worn texture, population density, road network, use, height, slope, slope direction, geology, distance from the river, soil science, subsidence, rainfall amount Used.The results of the research showed that 9.66 percent or 49 hectares of urban facilities are very vulnerable to floods. It was also found that the use of green spaces, office use, educational use and commercial use are the most vulnerable, and historical use and cultural use are the least vulnerable to floods. In order to reduce the flood vulnerability and to increase the safety of urban facilities, it is necessary to organize and improve the quality of the bed and river boundaries and improve the physical quality of rivers under the supervision of city managers and officials.

The confrontation and enmity of America against the Islamic Republic of Iran is one of the vital and important issues in international relations. This confrontation has wide-ranging effects on the West Asian region and even the international arena. After the Islamic Revolution of Iran in 1979, this confrontation appeared more widely. It has led to tensions, sanctions and even military conflicts. In this research, the researchers have investigated the drivers of the possible military confrontation of the United States against the Islamic Republic of Iran in the West Asian region in the next 10 years. The research method is based on the Qualitative-Quantitative approach and using the analysis of existing documents and Cross-impact analysis (CIA) with the help of MicMac software. In the first part of the research, with the help of library studies and using the opinions of experts, 12 main drivers affecting the possible military confrontation of the United States against the Islamic Republic of Iran were identified. In the second part, with the help of Cross-Impact Analysis Method (CIAM), the main key drivers were identified. The results show that based on the analysis of the results of the Matrix of Direct Influence (MDI) and the analysis of the Matrix of Indirect Influence (MII) of these drivers are: "Military Alliance", "Naval Conflict", "War Scope", "Military Power" and "Air Attacks". They have the greatest impact on the possible military confrontation of America against the Islamic Republic of Iran. They are among the most important drivers.

While communication infrastructure was under development in the country, modern communication tools in the form of cyberspace gained increased usability and hence spread rapidly. In this process, while facilitating communication, new opportunities and threats are being inherently introduced, though this has not been followed up with regard to the ability of this process to create and exacerbate security crises in the country, commensurate with the technical development of these infrastructures. This puts Google in a peculiar position, since it has several services and products online. Their importance relates to the emphasis that the Supreme Leader has put on this research, and it relates to the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The general question of this research is that, "What are the capabilities of the cyberspace Google to create and expand security crises in the country?" This research, owing to its nature, is an applied research based on a descriptive-analytical method where in the collection of data; the method of a documentary study has been used. It also used a qualitative method for data analysis and did thematic analysis. Among various products of Google, which have been used by people in Iran, several instances that are most consumed are selected and analyzed based on the question of the research. Some of the most significant threats which are connected with the most known and widely used Google services include: espionage, directing subversive actions, assassination, contamination, disruption of crisis management, undermining of the moral grounds in society, creation of conditions for, initiation, expansion, and acceleration of public discontent, determination of the grounds for crises and disturbances, acting as a catalyst and accelerator of crises, providing anti-security training, identifying the supply and demand market and critical inventories.