نشریه مطالعات خلیج فارس
سال هفتم شماره 3 (پیاپی 27، زمستان 1400)

During the first half of the 20th century, the southern regions of Iran, the coasts and the islands of the Persian Gulf underwent severe political, economic and social changes that led to results that were considered the origin of many important events in the region. During these years, Iran was experiencing very difficult conditions. The chaotic internal situation, the devastating economic effects after World War I and II, and the intervention of the colonial powers in various affairs of the country caused further weakness of the central government and the intensification of internal crises. In this situation, the situation in the southern regions, ports and islands of the Persian Gulf was subjected to insecurity, local and regional crises more than other parts of Iran. The seizure of power by the local rulers and their arbitrary actions, which were supported by the British, led to more involvement of the British in the management of regional affairs. The more colorful presence of England during these years and the attempt to take over the management of regional affairs left different consequences. The purpose of this research is to investigate the consequences of British presence in the Persian Gulf, its ports and islands, and its hinterland during the years of the first half of the 20th century. The research method is descriptive-analytical based on library sources and documents. According to the findings of the research, the more colorful presence of the British in the Persian Gulf during the first half of the 20th century caused more insecurity, chaos and conflict in the region. and the islands of the Persian Gulf and causing disturbance in the normal commuting of the residents of the region.

Social security has always been one of the important and effective variables in the challenge of internal and regional competitions in the Persian Gulf. After the constitutional revolution in Iran, there was not much result of the establishment of a legal system according to the wishes of the constitutionalists, but in the south of Iran, insecurity and instability in the ports and on the shores of the Persian Gulf disturbed the social life of the inhabitants of that region. An issue that almost followed a fixed and specific pattern and various internal and external components were effective in its occurrence and escalation. In this research, according to the causes and factors of creating social insecurity in the back-border routes of the Persian Gulf, the effective components in the threat and escalation of these conditions will be investigated. Information has been collected in a documentary and library manner and analyzed with a descriptive-analytical approach.

The discovery and investigation of the Genizah documents in the last two centuries left a huge change in the studies of Jewish history in the history of medieval Islamic nations. However, even in the 21st century, when most researches are being done on these documents, these documents are As a matter of fact, attention has remained far from the eyes of Iranian researchers. In the meantime, two documents that play an essential role in this research are two letters that are available in the Cambridge University library collection and contained very interesting information about the attack of the king of Kish on Aden in Yemen in the early twelfth century. In this research, the author of the lines tries to provide the audience with an analysis of these two letters as well as various aspects of the subject of a complete research. May the importance of Genizah documents reach a high position in the eyes of Iranian rulers and receive sufficient and healing attention, because it is extremely important in examining the economic, political and social history of the Jewish people in Iran and the history of Iran in the Persian Gulf. Due to the vastness of the documents, in this article, only a few texts from this large collection have been focused on.

The peripheral cities of the Persian Gulf are indigenous and based on local culture in cultural and artistic circles. Preserving architectural works, renovating and keeping them alive is the evidence of our ancestors that these valuable works and textures are performed in cultural and artistic gatherings. The culture of rebuilding the architectural works of a society, which is a precious and accumulated heritage of years of experiences and behaviors of the ancestors of that society, needs a strong and strong support for its survival and durability. The purpose of writing this article is to investigate the approach and impact of culture on architecture and the construction of buildings and urban public spaces. With this aim and the search for construction knowledge, the question arises, how were the past materials and architecture of each place used in the architecture and construction of new buildings in the cities of the Persian Gulf? The current research is an artistic research and a qualitative method, and it was done with a historical descriptive review of all related books and documents. It is an analytical process that examines artistic, cultural and social phenomena in the historical process. In line with this article, we concluded that in the last ten years, the planners and governments and those in charge of the development of the cities of the Persian Gulf by formulating plans for the development of tourism culture and by attracting tourists, carried out comprehensive plans and urban planning related to reconstruction based on the nature of local culture and the real experience of the country.

The first Pahlavi era is the era of modernization and foundation of modern Iran. The modernization of Reza Shah's rule led to the expansion of modernization and the process of modernization in all its dimensions. Smuggling in Iran has a long history, especially in border areas such as Persian Gulf ports. The phenomenon of smuggling spread and expanded in the shores and backshores of the Persian Gulf during this period, among the most important reasons for the spread and expansion of the phenomenon of smuggling can be attributed to the economic and social conditions of coastal residents, organized smuggling, corruption and bribery of government officials, the influence of local rulers, corrupting grounds and platforms such as He pointed out the low salaries of tax students, the poor economic and living conditions of the people of the south, the disappearance of retail trade, the lack of markets for selling local products, and the possibility of selling local products to foreign markets, especially the sheikhdoms around the Persian Gulf.The main problem of the current research is to investigate the network of smuggling routes of the shores and shores of the Persian Gulf based on the report of Ahmed Faramarzi, the representative of the Ministry of Finance in the first Pahlavi era and the corresponding year 1314 A.H. Is. The purpose of the current research is to emphasize the necessity of documentary research and documentary research in the field of local history, especially the history of the Persian Gulf. Also, with a new approach, the problem of smuggling in the Persian Gulf and dimensions and angles such as the road network have been addressed. The research method is documentary and historical investigations. Among the most important findings of the current research are: The phenomenon of smuggling, like any other historical phenomenon, did not emerge suddenly and is the result of certain historical causes and contexts in the shores of the Persian Gulf.Ahmed Faramarzi's report, as the representative of the government on the shores of the Persian Gulf, provides valuable historical information about the economic and social conditions of port residents, big smugglers, the pathology of the phenomenon of smuggling, corruption and bribery of local officials and the network of smuggling routes.

For knowledge of religion and religious beliefs by different communities, societies can be referred to its culture. One of the aspects of culture, oral literature and folklore is. Folk songs, which is common among every ethnic part of oral literature is considered. Folk songs, including lullabies, and composed and ... That on various occasions are written and read contain religious content too. In this study, using the library - field evaluation and reflection of how Islam and Shiite in folk songs popular in a region north of the Persian Gulf littoral (Lamerd and mohr) are. After studying the results of this song reached; Folk songs in the praise and described in more areas of God, Prophet and Imams are. In most songs, singer as hidden or overt emphasis on religion is Shiite. Thus the name of more contemporary songs such as Ali, Fatima and Imam Hussein emphasizes. Contemporary and elegant manner reader has tried the first stages of formation of married life to the later stages, child rearing with Shi'a Islam, and religion to transplant. And since childhood, infant familiar with the concepts of religion makes Shi'ism.