نشریه آینده پژوهی راهبردی
پیاپی 6 (تابستان 1402)

Considering the importance of drug access in the health of a country, the examination of the current situation and current and future trends will play a significant role in the macro decisions and planning of the country. The method used in this article is trend research. The findings of this research include global technology trends, important world events, important actions taken in pharmaceuticals and drivers of pharmaceuticals in drug technology. At the beginning of this article, the concepts related to trend research in the form of theoretical foundations, then the background of researches in the field of pharmaceuticals are examined, finally, the findings are made in the form of trends, events, important actions and the drivers of this field are stated to the research field of other researchers towards the realization of the future. It is desirable. This research has been collected based on the latest information and trends of the world and has provided some suggestions regarding the situation of the dear country of Iran. Due to the high speed of technology development, today the world is looking for optimal use in order to increase the level of society's well-being; It is hoped that in the shadow of the attention of the respected officials, the field of improving the country's food security will be realized with regard to the improvement of the society's access to pharmaceuticals by relying on technological advances.

Information systems are a set of interrelated elements which collect, analyze and distribute information. Most organizations have a traditional performance system that in them, all things are done manually by humans. This traditional method has several weaknesses such as human error in the data recording process, inability to respond quickly and accurately to the needs of the stakeholders, inability to quickly and accurately extract the required information, low speed and accuracy of the processing process. Designing and building a foresight support system and benefiting from information and communication technology, along with creating a network of elites for the purpose of knowledge support and providing knowledge-based services, provides conditions for managers to perform their duties efficiently. The research method in the forward writing is based on the method of data collection in the form of documents and descriptive analysis. In this research, it has been discussed that the design and construction of an information system includes four categories of action: 1) planning, 2) analysis and review, 3) design, and 4) implementation, and the "planning" stage plays the most important role in this process.

With the emergence of the industrialization era in the last three centuries, a new form of human social civilization emerged and developed named industrial civilization. This kind of civilization gradually replaced the agricultural civilization with low productivity. The common values, production and life patterns, forms of social organization, and institutional systems also changed dramatically during this process. Industrial civilization and the capitalist system resulting from it, despite creating substantial material wealth for human society, has led to the deterioration and destruction of the environment at the global level. Air and water pollution, water stress and drought, increasing warming of the global climate, and loss of biodiversity are the ongoing trends of human society in the industrial and modern era. This issue has increased the income gap between rich and poor countries. Under such conditions, humans need to review their way of dealing with nature, which is named in this article as environmental civilization. The question is how we can achieve an environmental civilization? The main idea of this article is that achieving an environmental civilization requires a fundamental change in the worldview at first step and, cooperation between all actors of human society in the next. The research method is based on "process tracing".

The relationship between media and civilization can be studied on two levels;At the first level, civilization and civilizational concepts are considered as a message that is represented in the form of a media container;The civilizational position (dominant-subjugated) and the belonging or non-belonging of the media technology to the origins of civilization will be the most important components in the type of representation of such civilizational concepts.But on another level, the relationship between media as a technology and a product of civilization is studied with native and non-native civilization and culture.This is explained by the inspiration of four theories about the nature of technology; Theories known as instrumentalism, determinism, essentialism, and contingentism are the most important views that explore the issue of directionality or lack of directionality of technology (in general) and media technology (in particular).Among these views, although the essentialist view gives an accurate explanation of technology and its appearance and appearance;However, the contingency view, by explaining two types of inherent and non-intrinsic necessity for technology in general and media technology in particular, considers the relationship between technology and culture and civilization to be flexible.However, the contingency view, by explaining two types of inherent and non-intrinsic necessity for technology in general and media technology in particular, considers the relationship between technology and culture and civilization to be flexible.

Shiism in Iraq is considered one of the important institutions of power, which has deep roots in Iraqi culture. Muqtada Sadr is one of the most influential Iraqi clerics who has played a prominent role in politics in the past few years. On the other hand, the fluidity of Muqtada Sadr's politics and personality makes it very difficult to predict his behavior and political decisions. This research was done with the purpose of the future of the Sadr movement in the political horizon facing Iraq and with a descriptive-analytical approach. Based on the results obtained from the research, the Sadr movement in Iraq has a significant potential in public mobilization and bringing people to the streets, but it does not have expert forces in the field of governance. Therefore, on the one hand, this trend is probably trying to get religious authority in Iraq to eliminate its traditional rivals, and on the other hand, it will try to influence the political future of Iraq in an alliance with forces that are aligned with it in some policies.

Foresight is one of the appropriate tools for moving on the waves of uncertainty, and choosing the right method is one of the most important points that is necessary for the success of foresight. One of the ways to achieve better results in the future is to have a clear picture of different methods and to be aware of their use in previous projects. Since the 1990s, various methods have been proposed and used at different levels to carry out futuristic projects. However, many of them have faced failure or have many problems and defects, and due to the dynamics of the future, a specific set of the process of using them is not available. The purpose of this research is to explain the definitions, components and structure of the Backcasting method, and to present an integrated summary of the results of the conducted researches and to create a clear picture of the application of the Backcasting method and help to better understand how to apply it in various future research topics. In this sense, a systematic review of the articles published in the internet databases such as: Science Direct, Scopus and Emerald has been done and after screening in different stages, nearly 20 articles were studied in depth were taken and analyzed.