مجله طب سنتی اسلام و ایران
سال پانزدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 57، بهار 1403)

Functional dyspepsia is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by discomfort and fullness after eating, early satiety, epigastric pain, or burning. While not life-threatening, it significantly impacts the quality of life of patients. This study reviews evidence-based interventions by Persian Medicine specialists for treating functional dyspepsia.

This systematic review was conducted in 2024, searching PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Iranian databases such as SID and Magiran. Inclusion criteria encompassed all Iranian clinical trial articles on functional dyspepsia and complementary medicine published in Persian and English from 2000 to 2024. Keywords included terms for the disease (dyspepsia, functional dyspepsia, Helicobacter, flatulence, gastric pain, fullness, epigastric pain, fullness after a meal) and types of interventions (herbal medicine, Persian medicine, complementary medicine, Iran, Iranian medicine) in English and Persian. Abstracts of all relevant titles were screened, and articles not meeting the inclusion criteria were excluded. Full texts of the remaining articles were then reviewed for necessary information.

The findings indicate that several plants —such as Ajwain, Black Cumin, Celery, Dill, Thyme, Mastic, Pepper, Ginger, Oregano, Jollab syrup, Coriander, Amla, Rose, Basil leaves, Aniseed, Valerian, Black Seed, Savory, and Broadleaf Plantain seeds— were effective in alleviating functional dyspepsia symptoms either alone or in combination in clinical trials.

Medicinal plants recommended in Persian Medicine, whether used alone or alongside modern medicine, can effectively and safely improve dyspepsia symptoms. However, more high-quality, large-scale, and rigorously designed clinical trials are needed to establish definitive therapeutic effects.

Information related to the use of medicinal plants has been passed down from one generation to another for many years, leading to the establishment of an important field called ethnobotany or herbal ethnography. To date, no research has been conducted to investigate the ethnobotanical medicinal plants of the indigenous people of Ilam to identify medicinal plants effective on kidney stones.

The current study is a cross-sectional ethnobotanical study between April 2023 and November 2023 in Ilam city. Collection of traditional therapeutic information about plants effective on kidney stones (kidney pain) was conducted through an ethnobotanical questionnaire. The individual conducting the inquiry personally carried out interviews by visiting each and every herbal store (Attari) in the city of Ilam. To analyze the data obtained from the interviews, indicators such as the usage report index (UR) and the quantitative index of the relative frequency of registration (RFC) were used to obtain quantitative information.

According to the results, 52% of the participants in the study were male herbalistsand 48% were female. Approximately, 60% of the herbalists had a bachelor's degree, and 60% were Kurds. In Ilam city, 16 plant species from 14 plant families are used to treat kidney pain caused by kidney stones. Alfalfa, corn, Iranian scurvy, prickly pear, three-color marshmallow, tangerine, Japanese parsnip, spectacular artichoke, andole, black seed, Abu Jahl watermelon, murtlekh, desert ivy, two branched horses, yarrow, small-seeded cherry, chicory, fig and Desert monkey flower is one of the most important medicinal plants that are used in the ethnobotany of Ilam city to treat kidney stones.

The findings derived from this research not only preserve the ethnic knowledge related to medicinal plants in the region but also open avenues for further studies aimed at treating kidney stones with these identified plants, potentially leading to the development of effective and safe herbal remedies for this condition.

Management of acute traumatic wounds is one of the most common procedures in emergency medicine. Antibiotics are used to reduce risk of infection and accelerate wound healing. Considering the high rates of systemic side effects, numerous interactions, and antibiotic resistance compared to the lower cost and easy access to herbal medicines in Iran and better acceptance of topical medicine compared with oral medicine, the present study was designed to compare wound healing, pain reduction, patient satisfaction and complications caused by oral antibiotic and topical Aftingel.

This double-blind clinical trial study was conducted in 2022 with easy sampling method on 100 patients aged over 17 years presenting with lip mucosal ulcers to Emergency Departments of Al-Zahra and Kashani Medical Centers of Isfahan city. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of fifty. The control group was treated with an oral antibiotic, cephalexin 500 mg, every 6 hours and the intervention group was administered with one drop of Aftingel applied on a cotton swab and placed on wound for 20 seconds, 3 times a day. Demographic information, wound length, pain intensity, healing time, patient satisfaction, and side effects were recorded in a questionnaire.

Males constituted 86% of participants. Study groups were mostly similar in terms of demographic criteria. There was no significant difference between control and intervention groups in terms of age and gender (p d with intervention (p Satisfaction level of patients in the intervention group was higher than control (p pain were not significantly different between control and intervention during the follow-up period. However, comparison in each group showed a significant decrease in wound size and pain.

The two groups were similar in terms of age- sex- pain reduction and wound size. The duration of treatment was shorter in the control group, but patient satisfaction was higher in the intervention group. According to these results, Aftingel can be considered in treatment of such wounds.

Essential oils derived from plants represent a significant category of botanical products that are extensively utilized in contemporary medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The sage species known scientifically as Salvia sclarea L., which is a member of the Lamiaceae family, has its essential oil recognized for its crucial role in the regulation of biochemical parameters in the blood, including glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels. Therefore, a comprehensive and scientific assessment of the effects associated with this medicinal plant is of great importance. This study aims to explore the impact of essential oil extracted from the leaves and flowers of Salvia sclarea L. on serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides in male Wistar rats.

In this research, 72 male Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups. The plant essential oil was injected intraperitoneally. The injection amount was calculated 307 mg/kg based on the LD50 dose. At the end of each week, blood samples from the control and treatment groups were drawn from six rats. The collected blood samples were taken to the pathobiology laboratory for biochemical tests including glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol measurements.

According to the results of blood glucose measurement, a significant difference was observed between the control group with dose 1 in the second and third week. In the first week, a significant difference was seen between the control group and dose 2. Moreover, biochemical parameters of Wistar rat blood (glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol) were altered and decreased due to intraperitoneal injection of Salvia sclarea L. plant essence.

The results showed that the essential oil of Salvia sclarea L. native to Semnan province reduces blood cholesterol levels. It can be used as an effective treatment for high cholesterol-related diseases. This essential oil works by preventing LDL oxidation and reducing endothelial damage, with positive effects on ameliorating arteriosclerosis.

Ibn Sina, a renowned philosopher and physician, made significant contributions to both fields. His medical expertise informed his philosophical inquiries, particularly regarding the role of embodiment in cognitive abilities. One of these issues is how embodiment plays a role in the realization of cognitive abilities. By analyzing Avicenna's works and adopting a descriptive and analytical approach, this article has concluded that according to his philosophical and natural foundations, he has considered the existence of a body with the appropriate quality of temperament, a necessary precondition for the realization of various cognitive abilities, such as intellectual perceptions, and he has presented different experimental evidences including the dependence of the development of cognitive abilities on the development of temperament of body, the relationship of body appearance with the perfection of cognitive abilities and the effect of temperament problems on cognitive abilities, to confirm the effect of the quality of temperament on the functioning of different cognitive abilities. In addition, it can be deduced from his books that the existence of a body with the ability of interacting with the environment and moving around objects is essential. In Avicennian philosophy, psychological and neurological issues are closely intertwined with philosophical concerns. Ibn Sina's multi-dimensional approach to investigating cognitive perception offers a valuable perspective for further exploration, and the detailed examination of such an approach will be the goal of this article.

Cauterization is a surgical technique that has been used for various treatments throughout Islamic period. Many Muslim physicians, like Rhazes, Avicenna, Abū al-Qāsim al-Zahrāwī, and Şerefeddin Sabuncuoğlu, mentioned the use of cauterization for various medical treatments and described its procedure. For example, low back pain is one of the most common types of pain that cauterization has been used to treat, and it has been described in the works of various scholars in the Islamic period. One of the most complete explanations of the process of cauterization has been described by Al-Zahrāwī in the 30th chapter of the book Al-Tasrif Liman 'Ajaz 'Aan al-Taleef”. In the first part of the 30th chapter of Al-Tasrif, which contains information related to surgery, he describes the procedure of cauterization in 56 sub-chapters. Şerefeddin Sabuncuoğlu is a Turkish physician of the 9th century AH in the Ottoman Empire, who is generally known for his surgical book Cerrâhiyyetü’l-Hâniyye. This work is considered to be one of the first illustrated and colored books of surgery in the Turkish language, although some researchers believe that Cerrâhiyyetü’l-Hâniyye is only a translation of Al-Tasrif. Al-Zahrāwī and Sabuncuoğlu used the same segmentation in describing the operation of cauterization for the lower back and described a similar method for this procedure, which, considering the time precedence of writing the book of Al-Tasrif, can be a valid reason for Sabuncuoğlu's benefit from the book of Al-Tasrif and translating it. This research has investigated the method of cauterization recommended by Abū al-Qāsim al-Zahrāwī and compared it with the method of cauterization suggested by Şerefeddin Sabuncuoğlu for the treatment of back pain.

Literature is a mirror of culture and social relations at all times. Health and medicine, as part of culture and social life, have had a place in literature for a long time. As one of the most popular literary styles, especially in Arabic and Persian literature, the technique of Maqama writing has had many achievements for scholars, including in the representation of social life. Badīʿ al-Zamān al-Hamad̠ānī, who is considered the inventor of this technique, dedicated one of his Maqamat to "medicine". This part has been forgotten throughout history and omitted from most manuscripts and all official publications. Fortunately, the Yale manuscript has preserved this “Medical Maqama” In this article, concerning the technique of writing the Maqamat and its historical and social contexts and goals, we report and analyse this innovative Medical Maqama.

Typhoid (typhoid) is an infectious diseases, which spreads by lack of hygiene and use of contaminated water. Due to unfavorable health conditions, the prevalence of this disease was higher in Isfahan than in other cities of Iran. In this regard,  the health status of Isfahan and the measures taken will be investigated to prevent the occurrence and spread of typhoid disease. Data was collected through scanning historical books, documents (Organization of Documents and National Library) and the local newspaper of Isfahan published in that period of time (1925-1941 AH). The findings of the research show that the Pahlavi government was able to prevent the outbreak by taking effective measures such as revitalizing, renovating and dredging the aqueduct, preventing washing in the streams and covering them, organizing refrigerators, adding showers to the bathrooms, building a laundromat, vaccination and health education. The results of the research show that health problems during the Pahlavi period caused the spread of typhoid in Isfahan. In this context, the recent health initiatives implemented by the Pahlavi government significantly decreased the incidence of this disease and the mortality associated with it, thereby contributing to an enhancement in overall health conditions and the prevention of typhoid.