نشریه مطالعات راهبردی ناجا
پیاپی 33 (پاییز 1403)

The Islamic Republic of Iran, like other countries, has issues related to decisive and fateful choices that give direction to all the country's affairs and determine the task and direction of the system in the long term. The present article, with the aim of developing a model of strategic issue-finding in the Islamic Republic of Iran, seeks to find out the processes through which these issues are formed, constructed and addressed, and are included in the policy-making or decision-making agenda, and what factors cause the set of many and numerous issues facing the policy makers, some issues are taken care of and some issues are not paid attention to.

The type of present research is applied and its approach is mixed with descriptive-analytical method. The research data was collected by both library and field methods (semi-structured interview and questionnaire) and the information obtained in the qualitative part was analyzed by thematic analysis with the help of Maxqda software and in the quantitative part by the statistical analysis method with the help of SPSS software has been analyzed. The validity of the theme analysis was calculated by independent coding method and the reliability of the questionnaires was calculated with Cronbach's alpha. The statistical population in the interview section was 10 expert professors in the field of policy making and in the quantitative section, the questionnaires were distributed among 20 expert and educated people in related fields, and for sampling, the sampling method was used. It was used purposefully until reaching theoretical saturation.

The pattern of strategic problem-solving in the Islamic Republic of Iran is directly influenced by four basic environmental dimensions and its following components, which are: sources of creation and production of strategic problems, characteristics and dimensions of strategic problems, factors affecting strategic problem-solving and Criteria for strategic issues. Each of these environmental dimensions have components that are extracted and finalized after field investigations, which are discussed in the research model.

The process of strategic problem-finding is a cyclical process that starts from the latent period and ends with the ordering of problems, and with the implementation of strategic decisions or policies, it leads to the creation and production of new problems. Therefore, the problems are constantly growing and developing, and the more they grow, the more their complexity and interweaving with other problems will increase. Among the most important and effective factors in the strategic problem-solving model are the mental and perceptual frameworks that shape the strategic mentality of influential people, the rule of strategic thinking on the pillars of government, including the three powers, institutions, organizations, and political parties. Paying attention to the recognition of the common people and the interests of the common people, the influence of different social groups in the society on the bias of the opinions and decisions of policy makers, directing and managing the media and social networks, monitoring and scanning environmental developments in the Internally and externally (international) dimentions, the existence of strong and sufficient material and spiritual infrastructures. and values ​​and strategic goals governing the census system.

Territorial planning of police is based on population indicators and the rate of crime, and geographical-territorial features are neglected in it. The aim of the present research is to know the pattern of Police territorial planning in accordance with Iran's geographical features and social, cultural, economic and environmental differences, facilities, manpower and organizational structures that can achieve maximum efficiency in providing order and security.

The current research is a combined (sequential) research in terms of its applied purpose and approach.  The statistical population of the research consists of the senior officials of Police and experts in the field of law enforcement, which was conducted with the purposeful sampling method with a total of 28 people until the theoretical saturation was reached. In the qualitative part, Clark and Brown's theme analysis was used, and in the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. Max Kyoda and SPSS software were used for data analysis.

The components of Police's territorial analysis include distribution and organization, appropriateness of the nature of threats, separation between security and law, geography of crime, justice and equality of law and order, mental perceptions of residents of different regions, development of law and order, etc., which in several groups include crime, geography , political system, population and society, capabilities and limitations, manpower and specialized missions of policemen are summarized and categorized.

The ideal pattern of Police territorial planning was defined in terms of society, Policemissions and resources and limitations, 24 components and 107 indicators. The executive structure of the model was proposed in the form of layering, and its basis is the limitations that Police faces in the field of human resources, equipment and facilities..

Police's role in national law and order is very important as one of the vital factors for maintaining security and establishing order in the country. The purpose of this research is to analyze the mechanisms of improving Faraja's position in the national order.

The current research is fundamental-applied in terms of its purpose, exploratory in terms of nature, and qualitative in terms of the type of research. The community of participants includes elites and professors who have a doctorate degree in law enforcement and security and also have at least 15 years of experience in this field. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview, and the sampling continued until the theoretical saturation was reached in the 10th person. The collected data were analyzed by thematic analysis using Max Kyuda software. To verify the validity and reliability of the interviews, the retest method was used, the value of which was more than 60% and equal to 84.93; Therefore, the reliability of the codings was confirmed.

 In order to identify the mechanisms for promoting Faraja's role in the national order, 154 themes were identified from the conducted interviews and by removing and merging duplicates, 82 themes were selected and by combining similar themes, 49 basic themes and 4 organizing themes with the titles of organizational requirements, cultural requirements, Management requirements and legal requirements were formulated and finally, the desired position of Faraja in the national order was determined as the central theme.

According to the results, improving Faraja's position in the national order requires a comprehensive and integrated effort that requires the coordination of various factors. In the "organizational requirements" dimension, relying on the creation of capability and ability within the organization by using innovation in organizational equipment, improving the productivity of employees and also changing the organizational structure; In the dimension of "cultural requirements" culture building and positive action in the field of culture and in the dimension of "legal requirements" not to be passive in the implementation of the law, the requirement of organizations to have a police attachment in their activities, passing laws supporting the police and in the dimension of "management requirements" making demands and creating interaction With other organizations, the interaction of the commanders with the three forces and making demands from different organizations and making organizations responsible are among the most important and They are the most frequent themes.

One of the most important strategic issues of the Islamic Republic of Iran is the synergism and intertwining of regional and global threats. Integration and networking of threats has caused the formation of emerging threats against the Islamic Republic of Iran. The main purpose of this article is the typology of regional and global threats to the Islamic Republic of Iran.

This research was applied and carried out using a descriptive method, the statistical sample was 63 people and the method of collecting field and library information was the tool of collecting questionnaires and documents, which were analyzed using SPSS software.

At the regional level, the plan of a thousand wounds of the Zionist regime will continue, and at the global level, the JCPOA and the sanctions of the United States and the European Union will continue. In terms of type, the most important threats are the implementation of a combined war at the regional and global level against the Islamic Republic of Iran.

13 regional threats and 11 global threats have been obtained. In terms of type of threats, there are 2 soft threats, 8 semi-hard threats and 14 hard threats. In terms of level, the most important threats are global and regional respectively, in terms of components, the most important threats are economic, cultural, political, cyber, legal, technological, environmental and military.

feedback is one of the main components of the performance management system, which leads to the improvement of performance; The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of structural empowerment and leader-member exchange on feedback with the mediating role of perceived organizational support.

The current applied research has a descriptive nature, the data of which is collected with a quantitative approach, and in terms of the implementation method, it is a survey-correlation type. In this research, stratified cluster sampling method was used and the sample size of 367 people was determined using Cochran's formula. Kanter's (1998) structural empowerment questionnaires, Leiden and Maslin's (1998) leader-member exchange, Wayne et al.'s (2001) performance feedback, and Eisenberger et al.'s (1986) organizational support questionnaires were used to collect data. To determine the validity of the questionnaire, from the methods of convergent validity (mean variance extracted) and divergent validity (diagnostic validity at the level of the structure) and to check the reliability, from factor loadings, Cronbach's alpha coefficient for structural empowerment is 0.83, leader-member exchange is 78. 0.0, feedback responsiveness 0.75 and perceived organizational support 0.89 and composite reliability was used. For preliminary analysis of data from S. P. S. S.  And to find a pattern by the method of P. L. S.  From the Smart PL software. S.  was used.

According to the path coefficient of 0.16 as well as the t-statistic of 3.536 at the confidence level of 99%, the mediating role of perceived organizational support in the effect of structural empowerment on employee feedback has a positive and significant effect. According to the path coefficient of 0.13 as well as the t-statistic of 2.737 at the confidence level of 99%, the mediating role of perceived organizational support in the effect of leader-member exchange on employee feedback has a positive and significant effect; Therefore, the general hypotheses of the research are significant and are confirmed.

The results of the research show that if the communication between managers and employees is a two-way communication and is of high quality, and also, managers provide access to resources and information for employees and In this regard, provide the necessary support, the employees will understand the organizational support at a high level, and this will make the employees more willing to accept their performance feedback, and this will lead to the improvement of the performance of the organization's employees.

The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying and analyzing economic and social factors that led to unbalanced development in Tehran and their impact on the formation of informal settlements.

This is an applied research of the correlation type, which was carried out with the secondary analysis method. Shannon's entropy was used to weight the indicators and the areas were ranked by the Vicor method, and the assumptions were also made using the SmartP software. L. S. were examined. The statistical population, statistics and information of indicators of economic and social development and informal settlements of Tehran city in the period of 1390 to 1400 were determined by the purposeful sampling method and the validity and reliability of the indicators were determined by using focus groups consisting of elites and specialists from different areas of the municipality.

Region 6 is the most developed region and regions 9, 17, 18, 19 and 21 have the lowest level of development among the regions. Regions 1 to 6 have developed with a relatively coordinated trend in all indicators, but regions 20 and 22 have had a high jump in the dimension of public urban and infrastructure services, and in other dimensions, they have received the lowest ranks; Also, all hypotheses were confirmed at the 99% level.

According to the results of the research, by improving the quantitative and qualitative level of development indicators, with special attention to the less privileged areas and identifying the existing capacities in the small-scale industries sector, it is possible to increase employment and balance incomes and, as a result, reduce poverty and unemployment, which ultimately reduces It will look for informal settlements.