نشریه مطالعات میان رشته ای هنر و علوم انسانی
پیاپی 21 (امرداد 1403)

Japan, a country with a rich history and a unique culture, has seen many developments and transformations throughout its history. These transformations are visible in various fields, including architecture, gardening, and religion. Japanese architecture, like a mirror, reflects the history, culture, and philosophy of this land. From traditional wooden houses to magnificent temples and modern skyscrapers, each historical period has displayed a unique expression of creativity and elegance. Japanese gardens are also a symbol of relaxing beauty and harmony with nature. These gardens are more than 1000 years old and elements such as stone, water, plants, and sand are used in their design to create a peaceful and soulful atmosphere. The Shinto religion, the oldest religion in Japan, has played an essential role in forming the country’s identity and culture. This religion focuses on the worship of kami (spirits of nature) and has a deep respect for nature and natural forces. Japanese architecture, gardens, and religion have a deep and unbreakable connection. Each of these fields is a reflection of the history, culture, and philosophy of this land and has played a fundamental role in the formation of Japanese national identity. A deep understanding of these three areas opens a window to better understanding the history, culture, and philosophy of Japan and helps us to understand the beauty and elegance of this ancient land.

In the analysis of the works of Marc Chagall, the French-Russian painter who is considered one of the pioneers of the abstract impressionism style, some symbols in his works have been analyzed. This research examines the cultural and religious symbolic elements in the glass paintings of this artist, a large part of which is influenced by his Jewish identity, and finally, the reasons for the frequent use of these symbols, as well as his tendency towards all kinds of visual arts, including glass making and lithography. This research aims to examine the examples of this artist’s stained glass works with a religious and ritualistic approach and a descriptive-analytical method.

This article examines and compares the motifs used in the textiles of the Timurid period (14th to 16th century AD) and the Safavid period (16th to 18th century AD). Its purpose is to reveal the differences and similarities of these motifs and explain their reflection on the developments. The cultural and artistic aspects of these two periods are indicators of the history of Islamic art. The present research has been carried out by using the descriptive-analytical method and gathering information from library and documentary sources. In this regard, the motifs in the textiles of both periods, including carpets, rugs, and clothes, have been carefully examined and compared. In this article, we are looking for an answer to this question, what are the differences and similarities in the motifs of the exquisite textiles of the Timurid and Safavid periods? The results of the research show that, despite the general similarities in some basic elements and concepts, the motifs of Timurid and Safavid textiles show significant differences in terms of elegance, complexity, variety, and semantic load. In the Timurid period, Khatai geometric motifs were used with a special elegance and were a symbol of growth, life, and divine order. On the contrary, in the Safavid period, we witness the predominance of Islamic motifs with more elegance and complexity, which were considered a symbol of divine unity, perfection, and absolute beauty. These developments in motifs are a reflection of the intellectual, religious, and political transformations in these two periods, as well as the tendencies and artistic tastes of the rulers and people of that time.

Abd al-Wahhab Al-Bayati, a contemporary Iraqi poet who lived during the suffocation of Iraq, when the masses of the people fell into poverty and destitution, from the lack of security, the oppression of the rulers, and their incompetence in managing society’s affairs and indifference. They were suffering from the conditions of people’s lives. And the cause of him is to express his words in most of the poetry and includes his exile. He left many poems. In this research, the purpose of explaining the images of fantasy in Abd al-Wahhab Al-Bayati’s poetry, is by examining the question, are the images in the poems of Abd al-Wahhab Al-Bayati similar? Using the library resources, the collection of related articles on the research topic was analyzed by descriptive analytical method, and statistical method using Spss software. This seems to show the poet’s inner states and personality traits can be found in his poetic images; Because imagination is the poet’s mental capture of various matters and concepts, which is obtained through all kinds of similes, metaphors, metaphors, irony, etc. Imagination is the main element of poetry. So it seems that images of fantasy have a special place in the poems of Abd al-Wahhab Al-Bayati.

The aim of this article is to stress the major importance of drama in our life. That it is not just a source of entertainment that could be replaced. Illustrating its history the researcher shows how deeply rooted in our lives it goes. This is established through the application of the descriptive surveying method. Synopses of Ibsen’s work as a pioneer in using drama to inflict social reform are provided. We conclude with the new progressive branching of the use of drama for different purposes

Purpose This paper aims to review the concept and characteristics of coworking space, especially physical and operational characteristics and its objectives. The authors propose three models of coworking spaces, such as revenue, synergistic and customer contact, which organizations can use as a part of their corporate real estate strategies to build workplace flexibility and resiliency. This paper also addresses research gaps and a research agenda for future research. Methodology This paper is a literature review of academic research focusing on coworking spaces. Because of the relatively limited existing academic literature on the topic, industry sources and white papers are also reviewed. Findings The authors categorized common threads of the existing literature on coworking spaces to emergence and growth trends, the types of users, the type of work to be completed in these spaces, characteristics of coworking spaces and the desired outcomes of coworking space models. Coworking spaces are expected to grow worldwide because of the increase in knowledge-based economy, the “digital nomad” lifestyle and mobile technologies, however, there is limited research on the relationship between spatial and operational characteristics of coworking spaces and users’ collaboration, social well-being and creativity. No research identified fully articulated the nuanced differences between the types of coworking spaces now found in the real estate ecosystem. Research limitations There is limited academic, empirical research focusing on coworking spaces. Thus, the search for literature itself is limited to a small number of papers. Although the authors extended the search to non-academic sources, the conclusion of this study is tentative because of the prematurity of the topic. Originality/value This paper urges the identification of research questions, considering the fast growth of coworking spaces and suggests future research directions based on newly proposed models. Industry practitioners, including building owners, managers, coworking space providers and corporate real estate practitioners, can consider using variations of coworking space concepts and characteristics, as they understand the importance of social needs and connectivity among users. By addressing the history of the coworking space as a concept and business model, and updating the types of models to include new coworking spaces, the authors provide further options to industry practitioners as to how to integrate coworking into their real estate.